which suffix means a surgical creation of an artificial opening?
B. -ostomy
-ectomy means surgical removal
-otomy means surgical incision
-plasty means surgical repair
based on its word parts, the term hepatorrhagia means ___.
C. bleeding from the liver
hepat/o means liver
-rrhagia means bursting forth of blood
-megaly means enlargement
-malacia means abnormal softening
-itis means inflammation
Which statement is true about inflammation?
A. inflammation is localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues
which combining form means plaque or fatty substance?
C. ather/o
angi/o means blood vessel
arteri/o means artery
arthr/o means joint
which combining form means fungus?
A. myc/o
mucos/o means mucous
myel/o means spinal cord or bone marrow
my/o means muscle
a surgical incision into the colon is a/an ___ (col/o means colon)
colotomy
the inflammation of a joint is known as ___ (arthr/o means joint)
arthritis
the process of a radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium is a/an ___ (angi/o means blood vessel)
angiography
the term ___ means a pounding or racing heart
palpitation
the term ___ means having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
virile
true/false
a syndrome can be observed only by the patient and not by others
false
a symptom can be observed only by the patient
a syndrome is a set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
true/ false
a prefix usually, but not always, indicates location, time, or number
true
true/false
prostate means to collapse
false
prostate is a male gland that lies under the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra
prostrate means to collapse
true/ false
interstitial means between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
true
true/false
the plural of appendix is appendices
true
matching:
-necrosis
A. tissue death
matching:
-stenosis
D. abnormal narrowing
matching:
supra-
E. above
matching:
-sclerosis
B. abnormal hardening
matching:
-scopy
C. visual examination
matching:
retroperitoneal
A. located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity
parietal peritoneum is the outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall
visceral peritoneum is the inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
peritoneum is the membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity
which term means the direction toward or nearer the midline?
D. medial
sagittal is a vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions
distal means situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure
lateral means the direction toward or nearer the side and away from the midline
which term means toward the side?
B. lateral
proximal means situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure
true/ false
stem cells can be harvested from the bone marrow of a newborn infant
false
umbilical cord
true/ false
a sagittal plane divides the body into unequal upper and lower portions
false
a sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into unequal LEFT and RIGHT portions
a transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower portions (equal or unequal)
which of the following is a characteristic of the anatomic position?
B. standing up straight so the body is erect
which term describes a benign tumor formed from glandular tissue?
C. adenoma
adenomalacia is the abnormal softening of a gland
adenosis is any disease condition of a gland
adenosclerosis is the abnormal hardening of a gland
match:
aplasia
A. the defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue
hypoplasia is the incomplete dev. of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
dysplasia is abnormal tissue dev.
hyperplasia is abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement
anaplasia is a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
match:
pelvic cavity
A. protects reproductive and excretory sys. organs
the ___ system filters blood to remove waste while maintaining electrolyte and fluid balance within the body.
urinary
match:
adenosclerosis
A. abnormal hardening of a gland
adenitis is the inflammation of a gland
adenomalacia is the abnormal softening of a gland
adenoma is a benign tumor from recognizable glandular structures
adenosis is any disease condition of a gland
the ___ system protects the body against invasion by bacteria. it also aids in regulating the body temperature and water content.
integumentary
true/false
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is found only in gametes
false
is located on the pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell
___ glands, such as sweat glands, secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
exocrine
the ___ region is located below the stomach
hypogastric
the __ body regions are located on the left and right sides and are covered by the lower ribs
C. left and right hypochondriac
true/false
adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ
true
matching:
organic disorder
B. a disorder with pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms
true/false
freckles are a physical trait that is transmitted by a recessive gene
false
dominant
protective padding, insulation, support, and a nutrient reserve are provided by ___ tissue
adipose
a postmortem (after death) examination is known as a/an
autopsy
true/false
a colostomy is the surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the body surface
true
a/an ___ is a specialist in the study of tissue organization at all levels
histologist
in the term otorhinolaryngology, which word part means ear?
C. ot/o
-ology is the study of
rhin/o means nose
laryng/o means throat
which term means the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues?
D. histology
pathology is the study of all aspects of diseases
anatomy is the study of the structures of the body
physiology is the study of the functions of the structures of the body
true/false
quadrant means divided into six equal parts
false
four
___ is a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing
B. phenylketonuria
tay-sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder in which harmful quantities of a fatty substance build up in tissues and nerve cells in the brain
huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic disorder that is passed from parent to child that causes nerve degeneration with symptoms that most often appear in midlife
hemophilia is a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing
a genome is ___
A. the complete set of an individual's info
a double helix is made up of 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs
DNA is the genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell
sex cell is also known as a gamete
the study of the causes of diseases is known as ___
B. etiology
pathology is the study of the nature and cause of diseases
neonatology is the study of disorders of the newborn
dermatology is the study of the skin
true/false
a genetic mutation is a change of the sequence of a DNA molecule
true
match:
visceral peritoneum
a. inner layer of membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
b. membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity
c. suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
d. outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
e. located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity
a. inner layer of membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
match:
parietal peritoneum
B. outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
which combining form means fever?
B. pyr/o
pyel/o means renal pelvis
py/o means pus
true/false
pyrosis is also known as heartburn
true
the term ___ means a pounding or racing heart
palpitation
match:
infectious disorder
a. any disease transmitted from one person to another
b. a disorder with no detectable physical changes to explain the symptoms
c. a disorder with pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms
d. an illness without known cause
e. an illness caused by a pathogenic organism
match:
idiopathic disorder
D. an illness without known cause
match:
organic disorder
C. a disorder with pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms
a/an ___ is the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
hemorrhage
true/false
as a broken bone heals, a crepitus forms a bulging deposit around the area of the break
false
a callus form as a bulging deposit around the area of the break
crepitation, aka crepitus, is the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
the surgical procedure for loosing an ankylosed joint is known as __.
D. arthrolysis
arthrodesis , aka surgical ankylosis, is the surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint
ankylosis is the loss, or absence, of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure
spondylosis, aka spinal osteoarthritis, is a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function
the shaft of a long bone is known as the ___
diaphysis
an inflammation of a bursa is known as ___
bursitis
a/an ___ is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles
D. orthopedic surgeon
An osteopath uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to specializing in treating health problems by spinal manipulation
a podiatrist specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot
a chiropractor specializes in the manipulative treatment of disorders originating fro misalignment of the spine
match:
scapula
E. aka the shoulder blade
true/false
a stress fracture is a small crack in the bone that often develops from chromic excessive impact
true
the tissue that makes up the flexible tip of the nose is known as ___
cartilage
match:
orthopedic surgeon
C. specializes in disorders involving the bones, joints, muscles
the term ___ describes an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side.
C. kyphosis
scoliosis is an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature
lordosis is an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine
spondylosis means abnormal condition of the spine
match:
spina bifida
E. a congenital defect in which the spine fails to close around the spinal cord.
a herniated disk, aka slipped or ruptured disk, rupture of the intervertebral disk that causes pressure on spinal nerve roots
spondylitis means inflammation of the vertebrae
lumbago, aka low back pain, is pain of the lumbar region
spondylosis is the degenerative condition of the vertebrae
a/an __ is a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells
chondroma
the condition now known as short stature was formerly known as ___
B. dwarfism
talipes, aka clubfoot, describes ay congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus
cretinism a congenital form of hypothyroidism
when a bone is splintered or crushed, this is known as a/an ___
B. comminuted fracture
spiral fracture is when the bone has been twisted apart
closed fracture, aka simple fracture or complete fracture, is one in which the bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin
compound fracture, aka open fracture, when a bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin
match:
stress
D. a small crack fracture that occurs after chronic, excessive impact
a compression fracture, aka vertebral crush fracture, occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
a transverse fracture is a fracture that is straight across the bone
oblique fracture is a fracture that is at an angle across the bone
spiral fracture is a fracture in which the bone is twisted apart
match:
osteitis
C. an inflammation of the bone
the surgical removal of the synovial membrane from a join is a/an
synovectomy
true/false
ostealgia, aka osteodynia, means pain within the bone
true
true/false
a tendon attaches one bone to another
false
a tendon attaches bone to muscle
a ligament attaches one bone to another
true/false
ankylosis spondylitis is a form of arthritis that affects children
false
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a form of arthritis that affects children
ankylosis means progressive stiffening of a join or joints
testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of nerves is known as
electroneuromyography
achilles ___ is a painful inflammation of the achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on that tendon
tendinitis
match:
lateralis
C. toward the side
medialis means toward the midline
internal means deeper location
superficial means near the surface
maximus means largest muscle
a/an ___ is band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
adhesion
true/false
muscular dystrophy is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
false
myasthenia gravis
muscular dystrophy progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that doesn't affect the nervous system
match:
insertion
B. where a muscle ends
biceps means formed from two muscle divisions
origin is where a muscle begins
quadceps means formed from four muscle divisions
triceps means formed from three muscle divisions
true/false
insertion is the place where the muscle ends
true
the point at which a muscle begins is known as
C. origin
pronation is the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
rotation is a circular movement around an axis
match:
lateralis
D. toward the side
transverse means crosswise direction
rectus means straight
sphincter means ringlike muscle
oblique means at an angle
match:
extension
C. straightens a joint
flexion bends a joint
abduction moves away from the midline
adduction moves towards the midline
pronation turns the palm downward
the specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia is known as ____ release
myfascial
the term ___ describes a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction
A. myotonia
atonic means lacking normal muscle tone or strength
dystonia is a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
dystaxia, aka partial ataxia, is a mild form of ataxia (<< the inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement.
match:
depression
C. lowers a body part
supination turns the palm upward
elevation raises a body part
rotation turns a bone on its own axis
circumduction turns at the far end
the condition of extreme slowness in movement is known as ___. This is one of the symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
B. bradykinesia
dyskinesia is the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm
hyperkinesia, aka hyperactivity, is abnormally increased muscle function or activity
hypokinesia is opposite of hyperkinesia
true/false
paralysis is the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements thru disease or injury to its nerve supply
true
which type of muscle tissue forms the muscular wall of the heart?
A. myocardial
true/false
a physiatrist is a specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
false
exercise physiologist
a physiatrist is a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
the term ___ means to bend the foot upward at the ankle
D. dorsiflexion
plantar flexion bends the foot downward at the ankle
the term ___ means to move away from the midline
B. abduction
true/false
impingement syndrome occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
true
which condition is a congenital defect in which the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord?
A. spina bifida
hallux valgus, aka bunion, is an abnormal enlargement of the join at the base of the great toe
talipes, aka clubfoot
spondylolisthesis is the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae
based on its word parts, the term cardiorrhexis means
A. rupture of the heart
which form of arthritis is characterized by deposits of uric acid in the joints?
B. gouty arthritis
a/an __ divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
C. frontal plane
which term means the tissue death of an artery or arteries
A. arterionectrosis
which term describes a torn, ragged wound?
B. laceration
infection is the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism
inflammation is a localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues
fistula is an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
a/an __ is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles
A. orthopedic surgeon
which term means pain in the stomach?
D. gastralgia
true/false
a gamete is the only type of cell that does not contain 46 chromosomes
true
true/false
swelling is one sign of inflammation
true
a/an __ is acquired in a hospital or clinic setting
A. nosocomial infection
latrogenic illness is a pituitary illness
idiopathic disorder is an illness without known cause
functional disorder produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified. (panic attack)
true/false
spondylolisthesis is the forward movement of a lower lumbar vertebra's body on the vertebra below it
true
match:
-sclerosis
B. abnormal hardening
match:
supra-
D. above
match:
-necrosis
E. tissue death
match:
arthroalgia
A. joint pain
match:
prenatal
D. before birth
match:
erythrocyte
E. mature red blood cells
match:
appendectomy
E. surgical removal of the appendix
match:
tonsillitis
D. inflammation of the tonsils
true/false
tay-sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder in which harmful quantities of a fatty substance build up in the lungs
false
the fatty substances build up in tissue and nerve cells in the brain. not lungs
___ has the specialized ability to contract and relax
C. muscle tissue
match:
oblique
transverse
spiral
stress
a. a small crack fracture that occurs after chronic, excessive impact
b. a fracture that occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
c. a fracture in which the bone is twisted apart
d. a fracture that is at an angle across the bone
e. a fracture that is straight across the bone
stress fracture
a. a small crack fracture that occurs after chronic, excessive impact
compression fracture
b. a fracture that occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
spiral fracture
c. a fracture in which the bone is twisted apart
oblique fracture
d. a fracture that is at an angle across the bone
transverse fracture
e. a fracture that is straight across the bone
true/false
a genetic mutation is a change of the sequence of a DNA molecule
true
which term describes the time and events surrounding birth?
B. perinatal
which type of bone marrow transplant uses the patient's own bone marrow?
D. autologous
___ is a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing
C. phenylketonuria
a/an __ disorder, such as a panic attack, produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified.
B. functional
when a bone is splintered or crushed, this is known as a/an
D. comminuted fracture
which term describes the surgical repair or replacement of a damaged joint?
a. outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
b. inner layer of membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
c. suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
d. located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity
e. membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity
parietal peritoneum
a. outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
visceral peritoneum
b. inner layer of membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
mesentery
c. suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
retroperitoneal
d. located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity
peritoneum
e. membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity
the condition now known as short stature was formerly known as
C. dwarfism
which bone is known as the kneecap?
A. patella
true/false
as a broken bone heals, a crepitus forms a bulging deposit around the area of the break.
false
the term __ is the opposite of anterior
B. posterior
is a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with scarlike tissue
D. fibrous dysplasia
rickets, aka infantil osteomalacia, is a deficiency disease occurring in children
paget's disease, osteitis deformans, is a bone disease of unknown cause
which combining form means fungus?
C. myc/o
which suffix means to suture or stitch?
B. -rrhaphy
the examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts is known as
C. palpation
true/false
quadrant means divided into six equal parts
false
four
which bone tissue functions as a fat-storage area and is located in the medullary cavity?
D. yellow bone marrow
true/false
a sign, such as a fever, is evidence of disease that can be observed by the patient and by others
true
true/false
pain is said to be a symptom because it can be observed by the patient
true
true/false
coumadin is a medication that is administered to reduce undesirable blood cholesterol levels
false
antihypertensive
coumadin, aka warfarin, is an anticoagulant administered to prevent blood clots
from forming or growing larger
match:
diuretics
C. increase urine secretion
beta blocker slows the heartbeat
digitalis, aka digoxin interferes with the action that causes the heart muscles to contract
ACE inhibitor reduces the contraction of the muscles that squeeze blood vessels tight
antihypertensive is a medicine administered to reduce blood pressure
the pulmonary arteries carry ___ blood
A. oxygen-poor
match:
angiitis
E. inflammation of a blood vessel
phlebitis is inflammation of a vein
arteriosclerosis is thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls
angiostenosis is the narrowing of a blood vessel
spasmodic contraction of blood vessels
which cancerous blood condition was previously known as preleukemia?
B. myelodysplastic syndrome
true/false
an embolism is the blockage of a vessel by an embolus
true
severe episodes of severe chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium are known as ___. These episodes are due to ischemia of the heart muscle
angina
the main trunk of the arterial system that begins from the left ventricle of the heart is the
aorta
true/false
bradycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeat
false
tachycardia
bradycardia is the abnormally slow heartbeat
the term ___ means to stop or control bleeding
hemostasis
a/an ___ is a foreign object, such as a blood clot, that is circulating in the blood
C. embolus
thrombosis the abnormal condition of having a thrombus
thrombus a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
embolism is the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
true/false
blood gases include oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen
true
the term ___ describes any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood is less then normal
A. leukopenia
polycythemia an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow
thrombocytosis is an abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood
thrombocytopenia a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating the blood
an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow is known as
polycythemia
match:
pernicious anemia
A. inability to absorb vit. B12 normally
aplastic anemia is the absence of all formed blood elements
sickle-cell anemia are abnormal sickle-shaped red blood cells
megaloblastic anemia are larger-than-normal red blood cells
hemolytic anemia is the condition when red blood cells that are destroyed too rapidly
___ is a systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood
B. septicemia
hemochromatosis, aka iron overload disease, is a genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron
hemolytic reaction is the breaking down of red blood cells
a/an __ is also known as a clot-busting drug
thrombolytic
match:
carditis
B. inflammation of the heart
bacterial endocarditis means inflammation of the heart lining caused by bacteria
pericarditis means inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart
myocarditis means inflammation of the heart muscle
endocarditis means inflammation of the lining of the heart
true/false
the mitral valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle
true
match:
endarterectomy
D. surgical removal of the lining of an artery
carotid endarterectomy is the surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
arteriectomy is the surgical removal of part of an artery
atherectomy is the surgical removal of plaque from an artery
aneurysmectomy is the surgical removal of an aneurysm
true/false
antibiotics are used to combat viral infections
false
antiviral drug
antibiotics are medications that are capable of inhibiting growth, or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms
match:
streptococci
C. bacteria that form a chain
bacilli are rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria
spirochetes are spiral-shaped bacteria with flexible walls
rickettsia is a small bacteria that live in fleas and ticks
staphylococci are bacteria that form irregular clusters
the yeast __, formerly known as moniliasis, is now also known as a yeast infection or thrush
candidiasis
true/false
a mastectomy is the surgical removal of only the cancerous tissue and a margin of surrounding normal tissue of a breast
false
lumpectomy
mastectomy is the surgical removal of the entire breast and nipple
true/false
intact skin wraps the body in a physical barrier that prevents invading organisms from entering the body
true
___ is the use of natural or synthetic substances to reduce the risk of cancer occurring or recurring
chemoprevention
a lymph node ___ is a surgical procedure in which all the lymph nodes in a major group are removed to determine or slow the spread of cancer
dissection
match:
rheumatoid arthritis
B. affects the skeletal system
scleroderma affects the integumentary system
graves disease affects the endocrine gland
multiple sclerosis affects the nervous system
crohns disease affects the digestive system
match:
carcinoma in situ
C. malignant tumor in its original position
metastasize is the process by which cancer spreads
sarcoma is a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue
carcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
metastasis is a new cancer site caused by spreading process
acyclovir is an example of a/an __
C. antiviral
true/false
lymph nodes act as filters to remove substances as lymph flows thru the node
true
__ is the general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
B. lymphoma
adenocarcinoma is any one of a large group of carcinomas derived from glandular tissue
lymphedema is swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
lymphadenitis, aka swollen glands, is an inflammation of the lymph nodes
match:
chickenpox
A. aka. varicella
caused by the Epstein-Barr virus - aka mono (infectious mononucleosis)
caused by herpes zoster - aka shingles
transmitted by infected animals - rabies
may cause congenital abnormalities - rubella
rocky mountain spotted fever is caused by a __ and is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick
A. rickettsia
match:
allergen
D. antigen capable of inducing an allergic response
allergy is the overreaction by the body to an antigen
antibody is disease-fighting protein created in response to a specific antigen
lymphokines is a signal between the cells of the immune system
antigen is any substance the body regards as foreign
infectious mononucleosis is a ___ infection
C. viral
the five primary types of ___, which are secreted by plasma cells, are aka antibodies.
immunoglobulins
which condition is a benign tumor made up of abnormal lymphatic vessels?
D. lymphangioma
lymphadenitis
adenoiditis
adenocarcinom
a/an __ is a physician specializing in diagnosing and treating malignant disorders such as tumors and cancer
onocologist
a bluish discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen is known as
cyanosis
true/false
a pneumothorax is the accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes a pressure imbalance that prevents the lung from fully expanding or can cause it to collapse
true
polysomnography is
C. often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea
chest imaging, aka chest x-ray, is a valuable tool for diagnosing pneumonia, lung tumors, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and emphysema
pulmonary function test (PFT) is a diagnostic test measuring volume and flow of air
peak flow meter is a handheld device often used to test a patient with asthma to measure how quickly the patient can expel air
a __ is the mechanical device for artificial ventilation of the lungs that is used to replace or supplement the patient's natural breathing function
C. ventilator
supplemental oxygen is administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood
diaphragmatic breathing, aka abdominal breathing, is a relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety
respirator is an apparatus for administering artificial respiration in cases of respiratory failure
a specialist in disorders of the lungs and associated tissues is a/an
pulmonologist
which condition is the abnormal escape of fluid into the pleural cavity?
A. pleural effusion
hemothorax is a collection of blood in the pleural cavity
pyothorax is the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane
pneurmothorax is the accumulation of air in the pleural space causing a pressure imbalance that prevents the lung from fully expanding or can cause it to collapse
true/false
the epiglottis swings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so food does not enter the trachea and the lungs
true
a/an ___ is a collection of pus within a body cavity
C. empyema
pleural effusion is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
hemoptysis is coughing up of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage
emphysema is the progressive loss of lung function that is characterized by 1-a decrease in total number of alveoli, 2- the enlargement of the remaining alveoli, 3- the progressive destruction of the walls of the remaining alveoli
a/an __ is an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage
tracheotomy
a/an __ is a medication that expands the opening of the passages into the lungs
brochodilator
true/false
a sinus is an air-filled cavity within a bone that is lined with mucous membrane
true
functional endoscopic sinus is performed to
D. enlarge the opening between the nose and sinus
true/false
pneumoconiosis is fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs, and it usually develops after prolonged environmental or occupational contact.
true
true/false
hemoptysis is also known as a nosebleed
false
epistaxis
hemoptysis is coughing up of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage
d. expands the opening of the passages into the lungs
bronchodilator
e. aka the common cold
acute nasopharyngitis
__ is an abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety
hyperventilation
which of these viral diseases is commonly known as chicken pox?
C. varicella
true/false
dystaxia is an inability to coordinate the muscles in the execution of voluntary movement
true
formed in the red bone marrow, __ are the most common type of WBC
B. neutrophils
__ is a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
B. polymyositis
the loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds is known as
B. aphonia
which specialist treats diseases and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues?
B. hematologist
the point at which a muscle begins is known as the
C. origin
movement toward the midline of the body is known as
adduction
the paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body is known as
paraplegia
a radiographic study of the blood vessel after the injection of a contrast medium is known as a/an
angiography
which condition is a benign tumor made up of abnormal lymphatic vessels?
A. lymphangioma
a/an ___ is also known as a clot-busting drug
thrombolytic
matching:
antibody
allergen
antigen
allergy
lymphokines
E. signal between the cells of the immune system
lymphokines
b. disease-fighting protein created in response to a specific antigen
antibody
c. any substance the body regards as foreign
antigen
d. overreaction by the body to an antigen
allergy
e. antigen capable of inducing an allergic response
allergen
true/false
adjuvant therapy is used as the primary treatment to cure cancer
false
adjuvant therapy is used after the primary treatments have been completed to decrease the chance that a cancer will recur
to __ is the process by which cancer spreads from one place to another
A. metastasize
true/false
endotracheal intubation is the passage of a tube thru the nose or mouth into the trachea to establish an airway
true
the ___ are only one cell in thickness and are the smallest blood vessels in the body
A. capillaries
the term __ means to bend a limb at the joint
A. flexion
a ___ is the surgical repair of a fascia
A. fascioplasty
which diagnostic test records the strength of muscle contractions?
D. electromyography
___ is the absence of oxygen from the body's gases, blood or tissues.
A. anoxia
true/false
hypertension is the overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit
false
hypertension, aka high blood pressure, is the elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system
a __ pumps air or oxygen thru a liquid medicine to turn it into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece
D. nebulizer
true/false
a pharyngotomy is the surgical repair of the pharynx
false
a pharyngotomy is a surgical incision of the pharynx
-plasty = surgical repair
which of these medical conditions is commonly known as a heart attack?
D. myocardial infarction
which term describes an abnormal condition of muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement?
B. dystonia
which term means not life threatening and does not recur?
d. surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
carotid endarterectomy
e. surgical removal of an aneurysm
aneurysmectomy
true/false
an embolism is the blockage of a vessel by an embolus
true
the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is controlled by the ___ valve
tricuspid
weakness and wasting away caused by disuse of the muscle over a long period of time is known as
D. atrophy
a/an __ is a collection of pus within a body cavity
A. empyema
which medication controls irregularities of the heartbeat?
B. antiarrhythmic
the ___ virus, which causes fluelike symptoms, can spread to the spinal cord and brain
west nile
which procedure is a surgical incision of the pharynx?
D. pharyngotomy
which condition is a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue?
A. myosarcoma
which type of muscle tissue forms the muscular wall of the heart?
B. myocardial
true/false
a sinus is an air-filled cavity within a bone that is lined with mucous membrane
true
which tonsils are aka adenoids?
D. nasopharyngeal
true/false
smooth muscles are located in the walls of internal organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, and ducts leading from glands
true
true/false
melena is a temporary stoppage of intestinal peristalsis
false
melena is the passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools
which diagnostic test measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood?
D. pulse oximeter
true/false
the term inguinal, which means relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen
true
the __ plane, which is aka the midline, divides the body into equal left and right halves
D. midsagittal
match:
organic disorder
E. a disorder with pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms
true/false
cytology is the study of the formation, structure and functions of cells
true
which condition is the total paralysis of one side of the body?
d. hemiparesis
C. hemiphegia
which of these suffixes requires the use of the combining vowel?
B. -stenosis
the point at which the muscle begins
orgin
which combining form means white?
A. leuk/o
true/false
ischemia is a condition in which restricted blood flow to a part of the body causes an insufficient oxygen supply
true
which term means difficulty in swallowing?
B. dysphagia
which term refers to an outbreak of disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide?
B. pandemic
true/false
emphysema is the chronic enlargement of the bronchi or bronchioles
false
emphysema is the progressive loss of lung function
match:
aplasia
E. the defective dev. or congenital absence of an organ or tissue
match:
diuretics
D. increase urine secretion
which term describes a localized balloonlike enlargement of an artery wall?
A. aneurysm
which term means the study of the functions of body structures?
D. physiology
which term means inflammation of a nerve?
D. neuritis
true/false
feces are solid body wastes expelled thru the rectum and anus
true
___ contribute to the immune defense by coordinating immune defenses and by killing infected cells in contact
B. t cells
match:
depression
A. lowers a body part
match:
osteitis
A. an inflammation of bone
true/false
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, commonly known as MRSA, causes infections that are serious, difficult to treat, and can be fatal
true
true/false
fasciitis is inflammation of a fascia
true
___ is an inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
A. osteomyelitis
true/false
the phalanges are the bones of the fingers
true
true/false
a combining vowel is not required when two word roots are joined together
false
matching:
pernicious anemia
C. inability to absorb vit. B12 normally
matching:
CRC
E. colorectal carcinoma
hepatitis A virus (HAV)
Crohn's disease (CD)
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
ulcerative colitis
true/false
a colostomy is the surgical removal of a portion of the colon
false
colectomy
colostomy is the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the bod surface
which term describes pain in the gallbladder
D. cholecystalgia
match:
hepatorrhaphy
A. surgical suturing of the liver
cirrhosis is a progressive degenerative liver disease
hemorrhoids aka piles
hepatectomy is surgical removal of all or part of the liver
xerostomia is dry mouth
esophageal __ are enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus. if one of these veins ruptures, severe bleeding occurs
varices
true/false
oral thrush is a bacterial infection that grows out of control in the mouth
false
not bacterial - fungus (Candida albicans)
which term describes an eating disorder that is characterized by binge eating?
D. bulimia
pica is an abnormal craving or appetite for non food substances
anorexia nervosa an eating disorder characterized by false perception of body appearance
cachexia a condition of physical wasting away
match:
cholelithiasis
E. presence of gallstones
cholecystitis means inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecystalgia means pain in the gallbladder
cholecystectomy means surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecystic pertaining to the gallbladder
match:
ileostomy
B. surgical creation of an opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall
gastric bypass surgery is a surgical reduction of size of the stomach
colostomy is a surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the body surface
gastrostomy is a surgical creation of an artificial opening into the stomach
gastroduodenostomy is the surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and duodenum
__ is the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction. This condition usually occurs in infancy
B. volvulus
intussusception is the telescoping of one part of the small intestine into the opening of an immediately adjacent part
strangulated hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine is constricted inside the hernia and its blood supply cut off
inguinal hernia is the protrusion of a small loop of bowel thru a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
which term describes the breaking down of body cells or substances?
D. catabolism
metabolism includes all of the processes involved in the body's use of nutrients
anabolism the building up of body cells
absorption is the process by which completely digested nutrients are transported to the cells thruout the body
true/false
a proctologist is a physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum and anus
true
the temporary stoppage of intestinal peristalsis is known is
ileus
the term __ describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer
trismus
a dental ___ is the professional cleaning of the teeth to remove plaque and calculus
prophylaxis
match:
emesis
a. movement of gas in the intestine
b. passing gas thru the rectum
c. swallowing air
b. belching
e. vomiting
e. vomiting
movement of gas in the intestine - borborygmus
passing gas thru the rectum - flatulence
true/false
feces are solid body wastes expelled thru the rectum and anus
true
an anal __ is a small cracklike sore in the skin of the anus that can cause severe pain during a bowel movement
fissure
the ___ is the ringlike muscle that controls the flow from the stomach to the duodenum of the small intestine
A. pyloric sphincter
true/false
a cleft lip is a congenital fissure involving the upper lip, the hard palate, or the soft palate
false
cleft palate
cleft lip, aka harelip, where there is a deep groove of the lip running upward to the nose as a result of the failure of this portion of the lip to close
true/false
trigonitis is an inflammation of the urinary bladder that is localized in the region of the trigone
true
true/false
enuresis is the involuntary discharge of urine
true
the ___ is the smooth triangular area on the inner surface of the bladder located between the openings of the ureters and urethra
trigone
matching:
renal pelvis
E. collects urine produced by the kidney
organs that remove waste products from blood - liverouter layer of the kidney - renal cortex
a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule - glomerulus
functional units of the kidneys - nephrons
a/an __ is an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina
D. vesicovaginal fistula
cystolith a stone located within the urinary bladder
cystocele, aka fallen bladder, is a hernia of the bladder thru the vaginal wall
paraspadias is a congenital abnormally in males in which the urethral opening is on the side of the penis (that sucks!)
matching:
pyelitis
D. inflammation of the renal pelvis
suppuration of the kidney - nephropyosis
downward displacement of the kidney - nephroptosis
matching:
urethrostenosis
A. abnormal narrowing of the urethra
bleeding from the ureter - urterorrhagia
narrowing of the ureter - ureterostenosis
distention of a ureter - hyroureter
bleeding from the urethra - urethrorrhagia
which term describes the outer layer of the kidney?
C. cortex
medulla is opposite
a/an __ is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males
urologist
which term describes a radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder without the use of a contrast medium?
B. KUB (Kidneys', Ureters, Bladder)
IVP - intravenous pyelogram, aka excretory urography, is a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters.
retrograde urography - a radiograph of the urinary system taken after dye has been placed in the urethra thru a sterile catheter and caused to flow upward thru the urinary tract
true/false
a cystocele is a hernia of the bladder thru the vaginal wall
true
true/false
a kidney transplant requires two kidneys to replace the function of the recipient's kidney's
false
just one
a ___ nephrolithotomy is performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone
percutaneous
a ___ is the surgical fixation of a floating kidney
nephropexy
the condition aka bedwetting is nocturnal ___
enuresis
true/false
polycystic kidney disease is an inherited kidney disorder in which the kidneys become enlarged bc of multiple cysts
true
which term describes the surgical repair of the tube extending from the kidney to the bladder?
C. ureteroplasty
pyeloplasty - surgical repair of renal pelvis
urethroplasy -surgical repair of urethra
meatoplasty - surgical repair of the external opening of the urethra
neurogenic bladder
A. is caused by interference with the nerve pathways associated with urination
matching:
nephrolithiasis
C. condition of having a kidney stone
matching:
enuresis
D. involuntary discharge of urine
inability to control voiding of urine - urinary incontinence
increased excretion of urine - diuresis
excessive urination during the night - nocturna enuresis
inability to empty the bladder - urinary retention
true/false
a psychotic disorder is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech
false
schizophrenia
a psychotic disorder is characterized by the loss of contact with reality and deterioration of normal social functioning
true/false
a reflex is an automatic, involuntary response to some change, either inside or outside the body
true
___ legs syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable feelings in the legs producing a strong urge to move them
restless
match:
acrophobia
B. fear of being in high places
failure to resist impulses to steal objects - kleptomania
fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces - claustrophobia
a disorder characterized by the repeated, deliberated setting of fires - pyromania
fear of leaving the familiar settings of home - agoraphobia
true/false
hypochondriasis is motivated by external incentives such as avoiding work
false
malingering
hypochondriasis is characterized by fearing that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance
a patient
D. in a persistent vegetative state exhibits alternating sleep and wake patterns
in a stupor has impaired mental awareness of the mind, but responds normally to environmental stimuli is an unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused only briefly and with vigorous, repeated attemps
in a coma responds only to painful stimuliis a profound state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech
who is lethargic sleeps for long periods of timeis a lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
a/an __ is administered to temporarily relieve anxiety and to reduce tension
B. anxiolytic drug
mood-stabilizing drug - such as lithium, are used to treat mood instability and bipolar disorders
antipsychotic drug - is administered to treat symptoms of severe disorders of thinking and mood
psychotropic drug - acts primarily on the central nervous system, where it produces temporary changes affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior
a generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by
D. exaggerated worry and tension even when there is little or nothing to provoke these feelings
a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain is known as a cranial
hematoma
true/false
a transient ischemic attack is an episode of bleeding in the brain that causes numbness, blurred vision, dizziness, or loss of balance
false
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is the temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain
an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain or spinal cord is known as
meningitis
true/false
cluster headaches are characterized by concentrated pain at the base of the skull and affect primarily men
false
cluster headaches are intensely painful headaches that affect one side of the head and may be associated with tearing of the eyes and nasal congention
the ___ lobe of the cerebrum controls motor functions
D. frontal
matching:
neurons
D. basic cells of the nervous system
a/an ___ is a congenital herniation of brain tissue thru a gap in the skull
encephalocele
an abnormal sensation, such as burning, tingling, or numbness, for no apparent reason is known as
paresthesia
matching:
lockjaw
A. tentanus
matching:
anxiolytic
A. suppresses anxiety and relaxes muscles
___ is a disorder characterized by the repeated, deliberate setting of fires
D. pyromania
matching:
receptors
C. sites that receive external stimulation
stimulus - anything that excites or activates a nerve
ganglion - knotlike mass of nerve cell bodies located outside the CNS
nerves - bundle of nerve fibers located within the brain or spinal cord
plexus - network of intersecting nerves and blood or lymphatic vessels
which term describes the condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea?
A. astigmatism
strabismus - a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together
nystagmus - an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyball that can be congenital or caused by a neuroligcal injury or drug use
hemianopia - blindness in one-half of the visual field
an ocular ___ may be fitted to replace a missing eyeball
prosthesis aka artifical eye
color vision is the best in the ___, which is a pit in the middle of the macula
D. fovea centralis
macula - aka macula tutea, is a clearly defined yellow area in the center of the retina. this is the area of sharpest central vision
optic disk - aka blind spot, is a small region in the eye where the nerve endings of the retina enter the optic nerve. it does not contain any rods or cones to convert images into nerve impulses
true/false
the organ of Corti contains sensitive hairlike cells
false
the organ of Corti recevies the vibrations from the cochlear duct and relays them to the auditiory nerve fibers.
true/false
the cochlear duct relays virbrations to the auditory nerve fibers
false
is a fluid filled cavity within the cochlea that vibrates when the sound waves strike it
the perception of two images of a single object is known as ____ or double vision
diplopia
dipl = double
-opia = vision condition
___ is the drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis
blepharoptosis
blephar/o = eyelid
-ptosis = drooping or sagging
true/false
the semicircular canals provide drainage within the eye to control intraocular pressure
false
the three semicircular canals contain the liquid endolymph and sensitive hair-like cells in the ear. the blending of these hair-like cells in response to the movements of the head set up impulses in nerve fibers to help maintain equilibrium
true/false
the uveal tract transmits sound from the inner ear to the brain
false
the uveal tract is the pigmented layer of the eye.
true/false
mydriatic drops are a medication placed into the eyes in the form of eye drops that produce temporary paralysis
true
the __ are important in maintaing equal atmospheric pressure within the middle ear
B. eustachian tubes
external auditory canal - transmits sound waves from the pinna to the tympanic membrane (eardrum) of the middle ear
semicircular canals - contain the liquid endolymph and sensitive hair-like cells; helps maintain equilibrium
auditory ossicles -are three small bones found in the middle ear used to trainsmit the sound waves from the eardrum to the inner ear by vibration
___ is the condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging
presbyopia
presby = old age
-opia = vision condition
the abbreviation __ means left eye
B. os
AU - auris uterque each ear or both ears
OU - oculus uterque each eye or both eyes
OD - oculus dexter right eye
which laser treatment is used to reattach a detached retina?
B. laser retinopexy
retin/o = retina
-pexy = surgical fixation
laser iridotomy - uses a focused beam of light to create a hole in the iris of the eye
irid = iris
-otomy = surgical incision
LASIK -Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis
kerat/o = cornea
-mileusis = carving
laser trabeculoplasty - used to treat open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly
Retinitis ___ is a progressive degeneration of the retina that affects night and peripheral vision
pigmentosa
matchng:
iris
cilia
lens
pupil
canthus
E. where the upper and lower eyelids meet
canthus
b. the muscular layer surrounding the pupil
iris
c. eyelashes
cilia
d. the opening permitting light to enter the eye
pupil
e. the curved structure that focuses images
lens
in which condition does a portion of the stomach protrude upward into the chest thru an opening in the diaphragm?
D. hiatal hernia
esophageal varices - are enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease - GERD, the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus
which term means difficulty in swallowing?
A. dysphagia
anorexia - the loss of appetite for food, esp when caused by disease
dyspepsia - aka indigestion, pain or disconfort in digestion
pyrosis - aka heartburn, the burning sensation caused by the return of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus
whic condition is an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity?
C. ascites
aerophagia - the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach
anorexia - the loss of appetite for food, especially when caused by disease
cachexia - a condition of phsyical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS
which term describes pain in the gallbladder?
B. cholecystalgia
cholecystic- pertaining to the gallbladder
cholecystitis- inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis- the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts
the surgical removal of the gallbladder is known as a/an
cholecystectomy
cholecyst = gallbladder
-ectomy = surgical removal
a/an ___ is medication that is administered to produce vomiting
emetic
emit = vomiting
true/false
catabolism is the building up of body cells and substances from nutrients
false
anabolism
catabolism = breakdown
true/false
flatulence is the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine
false
borborygmus
flatulence is the passage of gas out of the body thru the rectum
true/false
the flow of waste thru the anus is controlled by the two anal sphincter muscles
true
true/false
feces are solid body wastes expelled thru the rectum and anus
true
matching:
emesis
D. vomiting
matching:
xerostomia
C. xerostomia
hemorrhoids - aka piles
hepatorrhaphy - surgical suturing the liver
cirrhosis - progressive degnerative liver disease
hepatectomy - surgical removal of all or part of the liver
which term describes the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing or coughing?
C. stress incontinence
micturition-aka voiding aka urination, normal process of excreting urine
overactive bladder- (OAB) aka urge incontinence, occurs when the detrusor muscle in the wall of the bladder is too active
which condition is the abnormal narrowing of the tube that carries urine out of the body?
B. urethrostenosis
ureterostenosis - abnormal narrowing of the ureters
urethrostomy- the surgical creating of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin
urinary retention- the inability to empty the bladder
which sudden onset condtion is characterized by uremia?
B. acute renal failure
chronic renal failure -the progressive loss of renal function, sometimes leading to uremia
end-stage renal disease - ESRD refers to the late stages of chronic renal failure in which there is irreversible loss of the function of both kidneys
nephrotic syndrome - a condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine and abnormally low levels of protein are preesnt in the blood
which term describes the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine?
D. hyperproteinuria
which procedure is the removal of a kidney stone thru a surgical incision into the kidney?
C. nephrolithotomy
nephr/o = kidney
lithotomy- a surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder
lith = stone
-otomy = surgical incision
lithotripsy- to crush a stone
-tripsy = to crush
nephrolithiasis-
an intravenous ___ is a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters used to diagnose changes in the urinary tract
pyelogram
pyel/o = renal pelvis
medications administered to increase urine secretion are known as
diuretics
true/false
the kidneys are located within the peritoneals membranes of the abdominal cavity
false
the two kidneys are located retroperitoneally with one on each side of the vertebral column below the diaphragm
true/false
the term nephropathy means any disease of the kidney
true
true/false
renal colic is caused by inflammation of the kidney
false
renal colic is an acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone
true/false
pyeloplasty is the surgical repair of the renal pelvis
true
true/false
a female urethra is 10 inches long
false
the female urethra is only 1.5 inches long. the male's is appx. 8 (penis)
the female (and male) ureters are about 10-12
pyelitis
D. inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyel = renal pelvis
-itis = inflammation
nephropyosis - suppuration (the formation or discharge of pus) of the kidney
pyelonephritis - inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney
nephroptosis - downward displacement of the kidney
hydronephrosis -dilation of the renal pelvis
ureterectasis
A. distention of a ureter
-ectasis =enlargement
urethrostenosis - abnormal narrowing of the urethra
ureterorrhagia - bleeding from the ureter
urethrorrhagia - bleeding from the urethra
ureterostenosis - narrowing of the ureter
___ is an excessive fear of spiders
A. arachnophobia
acrophobia- fear of heights
agoraphobia- fear of situations in which having a panic attck seems likely and/or embarrassing EXAMPLE: a person who fears leaving the familiar settings of home and going out in public bc social situations may provoke anxiety
claustrophobia- abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces
a generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by ___
A. exaggerated worry and tension even when there is little or nothing to provoke these feelings
factitious disorder - a person acting sick when he or she is not really sick
learning disabilities - multiple cognitive defects, including memory impairment
meningitis- an inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cords
poliomyelitis- aka polio, a highly contagious viral disease
elecated __ pressure (ICP) can be due to a tumor, an injury, or improper drainage of cerebrospinal fluid
intracranial
the medical term for the prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep is
insomnia
true/false
kelptomania is a disorder characterized by the repeated stealing of objects neither for personal use nor for their monetary value
true
true/false
delirium tremens is a disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol
true
true/false
epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity
true
true/false
echoencephalography is a diagnostic procedure to record the electrical activity of the brain
false
electroencephalography
echoencephalography is the use of ultrasound imagining to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain
innervation
A. supply of nerves to a body part
reflex - automatic, involuntary response to some change
neurons - basic cells of the nervous system
synapse - a space between neurons
glial cells - provide support and protection for neurons
pinched nerve
B. radiculitis
tetanus-aka lockjaw
somnambulism-aka sleepwalking or noctambulism
Guillain-Barre syndrome-aka infectious polyneuritis, an inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temp. paralysis
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-aka Lou Gehrig's disease, a rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
___ is a disease in which the amount of fluid in the inner ear increases intermittently, producing attacks of vertigo, a flucuating hearing loss (usually in one ear, and ringing of the ears
C. meniere's disease
eustachitis- aka salpingitis, inflammation of the eustachain tube
labyrinthitis- an inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness
tinnitus-a ringing, buzzing or roaring sound in one or both ears
which hearing loss is a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages?
D. presbycusis
presby = old age
-cusis = hearing
which term describes the state of balance?
B. equilibrium
a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears is known as
tinnitus
true/false
the choroid is aka the white of the eye
false
sclera
the choroid is aka choroid coat, the opaque middle layer of the eyeball that contains many blood vessels and provides the blood supply for the entire eye
true/false
the malleus is one of the auditory ossicles
true
true/false
the anterior chamber of the eye is located behind the cornea and in front of the iris
true
true/false
the semicircular canals provide drainage within the eye to control intraocular pressure
false
the semicircular canals are for the ears
true/false
the function of the lacrimal fluid is to maintain moisture on the anterior surface of the eyeball
true
pupil
B. the opening permitting light to enter the eye
epicanthus
B. vertical skin folds on either side of the nose
inner canthus where the eyelids meet nearest the nose
outer canthus where the eyelids meet on the outside of the eye
presby/o
E. old age
kerat/o hard, cornea
scler hard, white of eye
aur hearing
-opia vision condition
true/false
sclerotherapy is used to remove scaly patches
false
sclerotherapy is used in the treatment of spider veins
which term means an infestation with head lice?
C. pediculosis capitis
pedicul/o = lice
-osis = abnormal condition
capitis = head
corporis = body
pubis = pubic hair and pubic region
pedis = feet
the benign skin growth that has a waxy or "pasted on" looked and occurs more commonly among the elderly is known as seborrheic
keratosis
true/false
blephaoplasty is commonly known as a facelift
false
blepha/o = eyelids
rhytidectomy = facelift
rhytid = wrinkle
true/false
a port-wine stain is removed using short pulses of laser light
true
keloid
C. abnormally raised scar
lipoma benign fatty deposit under the skin
skin tags skin growth that hangs by a fine stalk
verrucae wart
the common skin condition in which there is an overproduction of sebum is known as
seborrhea
true/false
liposuction is the surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the aid of suction
true
true/false
a pressure sore is an ulcerated area in which prolonged pressure has caused tissue death
true
the technique of scraping cells from the tissue to be examined under a microscope is known as ____ cytology
exfolitive
urticaria
A. hives
pruritus aka itching
verrucae aka warts
crust aka scab
which condition is a raised birthmark made up of newly formed blood vessels?
A. strawberry hemagioma
hematoma- a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissue usually caused by an injury
port-wine stain- a large, reddish-purple discoloration of the face or neck
ecchymosis- aka bruise
which condition is a localized skin infection caused by staphylococcal infection around the hair follicles or sebaceous glands?
A. furuncle
cellulitis- an acute, rapidly spreading infection within the connective tissues that is characterized by malaise, swelling, warmth and read streaks
abscess-a closed pocket containing pus that is caused by bacterial infection
ichthyosis-a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickend and scaly skin
___ is the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells, such as warts, or tumors, thru the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen
D. cryosurgery
seborrheic dermatits
A. skin inflammation due to over production of sebum
the medical term meaning excessively dry skin is
xeroderma
the modified sebaceous glands that produce milk are known as ___ glands
mammory
anhidrosis
E. lacking sweat
which condition is often an indication of iron-deficiency anemia?
B. koilonychia
melan/o
A. black
Author
shaiangelz
ID
55235
Card Set
medical terminology final exam
Description
medical terminology final exam test questions to study for
