Two types of airports Towered Non-towered Runways with basic markings and are intended for aircraft conducting a visual approach Visual runways Includes markings such as guidance aircraft on non-precision instrument approaches. Includes threshold markings, runway designation, centerlines, and aiming points. Non-precision instrument runways Runways with threshold markings, numbers, centerlines, touchdown zones, and aiming points Precision runways Runway holding position (Runway hold short line) Double solid line Red background with white numbers Runway(s) Instrument landing system (ILS) Becomes the hold short line in low visibility Displaced threshold marking White chevrons Relocated threshold marking Yellow chevron (can't takeoff until past threshold) Blastpad/Stopway marking (overrun) Large, yellow chevrons Runway location sign Black background, yellow number, yellow border (located on runway) Black background, White number on runway Feet remaining in thousands of feet Solid single yellow line Marks the centerline of the taxiway Double yellow line (not intended for aircraft use) Marks the taxiway edge Dashed double yellow line Marks taxiway edge, differentiating the taxiway from adjoining pavement which is used by aircraft, such as a run-up area or a ramp FBO Fixed base operator VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator - 2 over 2 PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator - 1 row of 4 lights Identifies the type and location of an airport Airport beacon Civil airport beacon One white, One green light Military airport beacon Two white lights and a quick green light 2 categories of NOTAMs NOTAM-D FDC NOTAMS Climbing, 180 degree turn Closed turn Continuous 180 degree turn to final Base turn/Final turn Wake turbulence avoidance 3 minutes behind heavy and large aircraft 2 minutes behind small plus 1 minute behind small helicopters or 3000' lateral spacing with small fixed-wing aircraft Right of way rules Final approach to land or while landing Lower altitude Taxi left Left turn Right ball Heading decreasing on two Attitude indicator check Taxi right Right turn Left ball Heading increasing on two Attitude indicator check Wingtip clearance 25 ft (in most situations) Daytime fuel requirements 30 minutes past final destination Nighttime fuel requirements 45 minutes past final destination Day VFR TOMATOFLAMES Captain's bars on runways Aiming point Classes of airplanes Airplane Rotorcraft  Glider Lighter-than-air Categories of airplanes Single-engine land Single-engine sea Multi-engine land Multi-engine sea