MONS PUBIS fatty pad, lies over symphisis pubis LABIA MAJORA rounded folds of fatty tissue, highly vascular LABIA MINORA *connective tissue and smooth muscle *extremely sensitive nerve ending PREPUCE *labia fuse to form *hoodlike covering of clitorus FOURCHETTE *Thin tissue under vagina at midline *Base of the perineal body PERINEUM *area between fourchette and the anus *base of the perineal body VAGINAL VESTIBULE *tubular structure between bladder and rectum *acidic secretions, protect against infections What are the two parts of the uterus? *Corpus *cervix FUNDUS Top part of the corpus ISTHMUS separates corpus from cervis What are the three smooth muscle layers of the uterus? *endometrium *myometrium *peritoneum MYOMETRIUM layers of smooth muscle, assist in expelling fetus What are the two types of tissue that make up the cervix? connective & elastic tissue What are the four sections of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)? *interstitial *isthmus *ampulla *infundibulum In what part of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes) is the ovum fertilized in? Ampulla What are the two functions of the ovaries? *hormone production *ovulation What are the three functions of the bony pelvis? *protects the pelvic structures *accommodates the growing fetus during pregnancy *anchors the pelvic support structures What are the functions of the breasts? *lactation *sexual arousal in mature adult What stimulates the growth of breasts? Estrogen What causes maturation of mammary gland tissues? Progesterone Which two hormones increase 3-4 days before menstruation? Estrogen & Progesterone LOBULES clusters of acini in the breast. ACINUS *saclike terminal part of a compound gland emptying through a narrow lumen or duct. *lined with epithelial cells that secrete colostrum & milk When is it best to carry out a breast self-examination (BSE)? 5-7 days after menstruation stops. MENARCHE first menstruation HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY CYCLE *GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary to release FSH & LH *FSH stimulates development of ovarian follicule and estrogen production. *LH surges at day 12 *Ovum released 24-36 hrs later *If no fertilization, regression of corpus luteum, and decline of estrogen and progesterone & menstruation occurs What are the four phases of the endometrial cycle? *Menstrual *Proliferative *Secretory *Ischemic On what days does the menstrual phase of the endometrial cycle occur? Day 1-5 On what days does the proliferative phase of endometrial cycle occur? day 5-ovulation What occurs during the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle? ovulation until 3 days before menstruation What occurs during the ischemic phase of the endometrial cycle. blood supply blocked, functional layer separates from basal layer and bleeding occurs When does implantation occur? 7-10 days after ovulation What causes basal body temperature to increase after ovulation? increasing progesterone levels How does mucus change during the endometrial cycle? thick prior and post ovulatory, stretchy egg white appearance at time of ovulation PROSTAGLANDINS (PGs) *Affect smooth muscle contractility *Produced in most organs of the body *Also found in menstrual blood CLIMACTERIC *transitional phase during which ovarian function and hormone production decline *spans the years from onset of premenopausal ovarian decline to postmenopausal time with symptoms stop. PERIMENOPAUSE precedes menopause, often 4 years in length MENOPAUSE last menstrual period; dated with certainty only 1 year after menstruation ceases At what age does both males & females achieve physical maturity? 17 PRECONCEPTION COUNSELING avoiding pregnancy, manage risk factors, identify healthy behaviors When should a pregnant woman begin maternity care? First 12 weeks What percentage of US pregnancies are unplanned? 50% What percentage of women do not use birth control? 10% AMENORRHEA no menstrual cycle DYSMENORRHEA painful menstruation ENDOMETRIOSIS tissue sloughs MENORRHAGIA heavy menstrual bleeding METRORRHAGIA bleeding intermittent into abdomen. PERIMENOPAUSE *irregular bleeding *vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) *decreased fertility, but pregnancy CAN occur What is the #1 cause of death among non-pregnant women? Domestic Violence What are the six components that influence a person's recognition of need for care and response to the health care system? *culture *religion *socioeconomic status *personal circumstances *uniqueness of the individual *stage of development