The total number of live births, regardless of age of mother, per 1,000 women of reproducing age
Fertility Rate

The number of live births per 1,000 people
Birthrate

The has been a ______ in fertility and birthrates between 1910 to 2010
Decrease

The birthrates ____ for women age 15-29, but ___ for women ages 30-45
decreased, increased

Neonates born at less than 32 weeks of gestation are considered to be:
Very Premature

Neonates born between 32-33 weeks gestation are considered to be:
Moderately premature

Neonates born between 34-37 weeks gestation are considered to be:
Late Premature

A <strong>low birth weight (LBW)</strong> baby is defined as a birth weight that is _____
&lt;2,500 grams but &gt; 1,500 grams

A <strong>Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW)</strong> baby is defined as a birth weight that is ____
less than 1,500 grams

The weight of ______ at birth is an important predictor of future morbidity and mortality rates
neonates

Death before the babies first birthday is considered:
Infant Mortality

Infant mortality has significantly ______ since 1940
Decreased

The decrease of SIDS rates can be related to:
parents placing their infant on their back to sleep versus their stomachs

____ is defined by the WHO as the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy
Maternal Death

Death resulting from complications during pregnancy, labor/birth, and/or postpartum and from interventions, omission of interventions, or incorrect treatment
<strong>Direct Obstetric Death</strong>

Death that is <em>due to a preexisting disease</em> or disease that develops during pregnancy that does not have direct obstetrical cause; but its likelihood is aggravated by the changes of pregnancy
Indirect Obstetric Death

Death that occurs more than 42 days after termination of pregnancy from a direct or indirect obstetrical cause
Late Maternal Death

Maternal death during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy <em>regardless of the cause of death</em>
Pregnancy-related cause

99% of deaths occur in
Developing Countries

Primary causes of maternal deaths worldwide:
Severe Hemorrhage
Infections
Eclampsia
Obstructed Labor
Complication of Abortions
Anemia/HIV/AIDS/CAD

Primary issues affecting the health of mothers and infants:
Birthrates for teens
Tobacco use during pregnancy
Substance Abuse
Obesity
Health Disparities

Health issues <strong>for</strong> teen mothers:
STDs / HIV
     -Chlamydia (newborn eye infection risk)
     -Syphilis (neonatal blindness and                 increased risk for death)
Higher risk for HTN

Health issues of <strong>neonates</strong> born to teen mothers:
Greater risk of health problems that include prematurity and/or low birth weight

_____ are less likely to seek early and continuous prenatal care
Low-income women

Obese <span style="text-decoration:underline;"><strong>pregnant women</strong> </span>are at higher risk for:
Gestational HTN
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Thromboembalism
C-section
Wound infections
Shoulder dystocia related to macrosomia (bw &gt; 4000 grams)
Sleep apnea
Anesthesia complications

The Fetuses/Infants of obese pregnant women are at higher risk for:
Spina Bifida
Heart Defects
Anorectal Atresia
Hypospadias

Examples of barriers to access health care are:
limited finances, lack of transportation, difficulty with dominant language, and attitudes of the health care team

Low birth weight and premature neonates are at a higher risk for:
chronic respiratory diseases and abnormalities in neurological development