antidepressant meds
MAOI's
monoamine oxidase inhibitor blocks enzyme that metabolizes norepinephrine and serotonin
special diet-avoid tyramine-in aged food and beverages..cheese wine... and avoid cough medicine w pseudoephedrine to prevent hypertensive crisis
phenelzine(Nardil) and tranylcypromine (parnate)
TCAs Tricyclic Antidepressants
Block norepinephrine & serotonin receptors thereby increasing norepinephrine at the synapse.-dizziness & hypotension/risk for falls-cardiotoxicity
Elavil (amitripytylline)
anafranil (clomipramine)
norpramin (desipramine)
toframil (imipramine)
pamelor(nortriptylline)
asendin (amoxapine)
SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
Prevent reuptake of serotonin
-suicidal impulses, anxiety, insomnia, sex dysfx,
GI problems
-slow tapering to avoid withdrawal
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Fluoxetine (Prozac) or (Sarafem) for PMS
Citalopram (Celexa)
SNRIs
serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine
also used for neuropathic pain
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
SNDIs
serotonin -norepinephrine disinhibitors
Remeron (antianxiety/antidepressant)
NDRIs
Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors
Bupropian (Wellbutrin)
Trazadone (Desyrel)
Lithium (Eskalith, Carbolith, Lithane)
Mood Stabilizer for Bipolar
-works at cellular level Na/K to stabilize electrical activity & decrease mania
-cardiac dysrhythmias, seizures
-check kidney functioning and thyroid levels
toxic > 1.5 meq/L drawn 8 hrs after
Therapeutic 0.4 - 1.3
Mood Stabilizers-Antimanic Drugs
often in conjunct with Lithium
Anticonvulsants: enhance GABA, decrease mania
Divalproex sodium (Depakote)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Oxcarbazine (Trileptal)
Lamofrigine (Lamictal)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Valproic Acid (Depakene)
Oxcarbezepine (Trileptal)
First Generation/conventional(typical) Antipsychotics
Bind to dopamine receptors and reduce transmission
decrease positive schizophrenia symptoms
cost effective
-EPS, Tardive dyskinesia, NMS
"phenothiazines"
Chlorpromazine (thorazine)-low potency
-orthostatic hypotension
Haloperidol (Haldol) -high potency
-less sedating, fewer anticholinergic effects
-More EPS
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Pherphenazine (Trilafon)
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
anticholinergic effects
dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary hesitancy, tachycardia
Adverse effects of receptor blockage of antipsychotic agents
Second Generation/Atypical antipsychotics
Colzapine (Clozaril): *agranulocytosis *
Olanzapine (Zyprexa) : weight gain
Risperidone (Risperdal) : EPS, orthostatic hypotension, sedation
Quetiapine (Seroquel) : Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain
Ziprasidone (Geodon) : dizziness, sedation & dysrhythmias
aripiprazole (Abilify) : headache, insomnia, nausea
Paliperidone (Invega)
-fewer EPS/NMS
-Affect negative & positive symptoms of schizophrenia
-improves cognition