Pharm 4-Anti-effectives

Common side effect of INH.

How to minimize SE of peripheral neuritis from INH?

What s/s should a pt report immediately when taking INH??

What should a pt do to avoid causing a rxn of redness, itching, flushing, sweating, tachycardia, headache or lightneadedness with INH?

What drug colors sweat, tears, urine & feces orange?

What drug causes optic neuritis (decreases visual acuity & ability to discriminate b/w red & green)?

Why should a pt return to clinic weekly for serum drug-level testing of cycloserine (Seromycin)? WHat is a good level?

What baseline studies need to be completed prior to INH therapy for TB?

Three drugs that cause peripheral neuritis.

SE of ______ include signs of hepatitis, flu-like syndrome, low neutrophil ct, ocular pain or blurred vision.

_______ is associated with serum concentrations of VANCOMYCIN above 60 to 80 mcg/mL

Signs of hypersensitivity reaction to imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin).

Ampicillin should be taken ___________ to ensure adequate absorption.

AE of ampicillin (Principen).

Some ________ cause a disulfiram-like reaction when alcohol is consumed.

Which assessment should be performed prior to the administration of cefotaxime (Claforan)?

Similar to PCNs but widely used for gram (-).

This drug presents a risk of an allergic reaction as well as a risk of colitis.

Keflex, Ceclor, Rocephin, Maxiphime - what kind of drugs are these?

Most common ADVERSE rxns with cephalosporins.

Used to kill staph & strep, not effective against MRSA, usually given IV (or IM).

Broadest spectrum of any class of antibiotic.

How are carbapenems administered?

Drug that causes RED MAN Syndrome.

How is Vancomycin administered & why?

What labs would you monitor in a pt receiving vancomycin?

Possible AE of vancomycin?

The "last chance" antibiotic.

S/S of Red Man Syndrome.

When do you draw peak & trough for vancomycin?

Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Drugs that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis.

Tetracyclines are baterio______.

What types of bacteria do tetracyclines cover (in general)?

Drug of choice for Rocky Mt spotted fever, typhus, cholera, Lyme disease, H.pylori, chlamydia, & syphillis. Why so few?

A major AE of tetracycline?

What should pts avoid who are on tetracyclines?

Regarding meals, when should tetracyclines be taken?

Tetracyclines are primarily admistered via which route?

Macrolides are bacterio_____.

Alternative drug for patients with ALLERGY to PCN.

Drug of choice for Whooping cough, diphtheria, Legionnaires diseace, streptococci, H. influenza.

"Z-pac" is what kind of antibiotic?

Examples of Macrolides.

Macrolides are known to cause ______ and ______.

What type of drug is gentimicin (garamycin)?

AE of amino glycosides and two examples.

Labs to monitor for a pt on gentamicin.

What would you see in a pt receiving amikin or gentimicin which would be a reason to STOP the med?

Just like with vancomycin, _____  & ______ are checked with gentimicin & amikin.

Protein synthesis inhibitors that are effective against resistant infections but have significant AE that limit use.

Drugs that inhibit DNA replication.

Used to treat UTI, URI, GI, GU skin & soft tissue infections.

"oxacin" drugs.

Fluoroquinolones are effective against gram ___ organisms.

AE of fluoroquinolones.

SERIOUS AE of fluoroquinolones.

Why would you need to immediately call HCP if taking fluoroquinolones?

Drug interaction with fluoroquinolones?

Sulfonamides work on gram _____ organisms.

Two examples of sulfanomides.

Major AE to sulfanomides.

Main route of administration for sulfanomides.

Why are 3 meds given for TB?

Two primary drugs given for TB.

Closely monitor pts taking INH due to risk of ______.

Vision changes or difficulty seeing is an important thing to report with pts taking ______.

Labs to monitor in pts taking INH for TB.

If a ______ drug is added to a pt with TB, they may have a resistant form.

Encourage pts to take ______ to decrease risk of peripheral neuropathy while taking INH.

____ can interact with tyramine foods.

Nystatin, Amp B, Difulcan - what type of drugs?

Systemic fungal infections are more often seen in what type of pts?

What is nystatin?

If giving nystatin with other meds, when do you give it?

Two antifungals for systemic infections

Things to monitor in pts taking amphotericin-B.

The safer systemic antifungal.

What is contraindicated for fluconazole (Diflucan)?

Fluconazole (Diflucan) causes ______ temporarily but it normally goes away.

What to monitor in pts taking flucanazole (Diflucan).

AE of high levels of chloroquine (Aralen).

Prevents metabolism of heme, which then builds to toxic levels within the parasite.

Med used for antiprotozoal (NOT used to treat malaria).

Drug that acts as antiprotozoal and also has antibiotic activity against anaerobic bacteria.

What is FLAGYL?

Drug that produces a metallic taste in mouth.

What drug does metronidazole (Flagyl) interact with?

What happens when a pt taking metronidazole (Flagyl) drinks alcohol?

What labs to monitor in pts taking chloroquine (Aralen)?

_______ will be one of the first signs  associated with renal damage secondary to amikacin toxicity.

Tetracycline antibiotics should not be taken concurrently with what 3 things?

Aminoglycosides are ______ toxic. They may also cause ________.

Are liver fxn studies indicated for gentamycin?

Erythromycin toxicity is related to _______ dysfunction and may manifest itself with  __________ pain.

Clients experiencing drug-induced __________ will exhibit oliguria (low urine output).

______ or ______ may indicate an adrenergic response secondary to an allergic reaction (Cipro).

Ciprofloxacin is excreted ________, and increasing  ________ will help to prevent drug accumulation in the _______.

Signs of anaphylaxis.

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) therapy must be monitored carefully in clients with suspected ______ disorders, as this drug can be ________ at high doses, and can cause ______ when given by rapid IV infusion.