Upper Extremity-Shoulder & Arm

• All fibers:
•   *ABDUCT the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
• Anterior fibers:
•   *flex the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *medially rotate shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *horizontally adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Posterior fibers:
•   *Extend the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Laterally rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Horizontally ABduct the shoulder (g/h joint)

Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Deltoid Tuberosity

Axillary C5, 6

• Upper fibers:
•   *Bilaterally
•      *Extend the head and neck
•   *Unilaterally
•      *Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
•      *Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
•      *Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
•      *Upwardly rotate the scapula (s/t joint)
• Middle fibers:
•   *Adduct the scapula (s/t joint)
•   *Stabilize the scapula (s/t joint)
• Lower fibers:
•   *Depress the scapula (s/t joint)
•   *Upwardly rotate the scapula (s/t joint)

External Occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C-7 through T-12

Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula

Spinal portion of cranial nerve XI (accessory) and ventral ramus C2, 3, 4

• Extend the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Medially rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)

Inferior angle of scapula, spinous process of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, last 3 or 4 ribs, throacolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Thoracodorsal C6, 7, 8

• Extend the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Medially rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)

• *note: could be more than one option
• *

Inferior Angle and lower one-third of lateral border of the scapula

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Lower subscapular C5, 6, 7

• SITS
•   Supraspinatus
•   Infraspinatus
•   Teres minor
•   Subscapularis

• Abduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Greater tubercle of the humerus

Suprascapular C4, 5, 6

• Laterally rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Stabilize the head of humerus in glenoid cavity

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Greater Tubercle of the humerus

Suprascapular C4, 5, 6

• Laterally rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Stabilize the head of humerus in glenoid cavity

Upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapula

Greater tubercle of the humerus

• Medially rotate the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
• Stabilize the head of humerus in glenoid cavity

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Upper and lower subscapular C5, 6, 7

• Adduct the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
• Elevate the scapula (s/t joint)
• Downwardly rotate teh scapula (s/t joint)

• Major:
•    Spinous processes of T-2 to T-5
• Minor:
•    Spinous processes of C-7 and T-1

• Major:
•    Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and the inferior angle
• Minor:
•    Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from spine and scapula

Dorsal scapular C4, 5

• Unilaterally:
•   *Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
•   *Downwardly rotate the scapula (S/t joint)
•   *Laterally flex the head and neck
•   *Rotate the head and neck to the same side
• Bilaterally:
•   *Extend the head and neck

Transverse processes of the first through fourth cervical vertebrae

Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

Cervical 3, 4, and Dorsal Scapular C4, 5

• With the origin fixed:
•   *Abduct the scapula (scapulorthoracic joint)
•   *Upwardly rotate the scapula (s/t joint)
•   *Depress the scapula (s/t joint)
•   *Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage
• With the scapula fixed:
•   *may act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

External surfaces of upper eight or nine ribs

Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula

Long Thoracic C5, 6, 7, 8

• All fibers:
•   *Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Medially rotate the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation (with the arm fixed)
• Upper fibers:
•   *Flex the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Horizontally adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Lower fibers:
•   *Extend the shoulder (g/h joint)

Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of the 1st-6th ribs

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

• Upper fibers:
•   *Lateral Pectoral C5, 6, 7
• Lower fibers:
•   *Lateral and medial pectoral C6, 7, 8, T1

• Depress the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
• Abduct the scapula (s/t joint)
• Downwardly rotate the scapula (s/t joint)

• With the scapula fixed:
•   *Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs

Medial surface of coracoid process of the scapula

Medial pectoral, with fibers from a communicating branch of the lateral pectoral C6, 7, 8, T1

• Depress the clavicle and draw it anteriorly
• Elevate the first rib (to assist during inhalation)
• Stabilize the sternoclavicular joint

First rib and cartilage

Inferior surface of middle one-third of clavical

Subclavian C5, 6

• Flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
• Supinate the forearm (radioulnar joints)
• Flex the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)

• Short head:
•   *coracoid process of scapula
• Long head:
•   *supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

Musculocutaneous C5, 6

• All heads:
•   *Extend the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
• Long head:
•   *Extend the shoulder (g/h joint)
•   *Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)

• Long head:
•   *Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
• Lateral head:
•   *Posterior surface of proximal half of the the humerus
• Medial Head:
•   *Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus

Olecranon process of the ulna

Radial C6, 7, 8, T1

• Flex the shoulder (g/h joint)
• Adduct the shoulder (g/h joint)

Coracoid process of the scapula

Medial surface of mid-humeral shaft

Musculocutaneous C6, 7