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MONS PUBIS
fatty pad, lies over symphisis pubis
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LABIA MAJORA
rounded folds of fatty tissue, highly vascular
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LABIA MINORA
- *connective tissue and smooth muscle
- *extremely sensitive nerve ending
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PREPUCE
- *labia fuse to form
- *hoodlike covering of clitorus
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FOURCHETTE
- *Thin tissue under vagina at midline
- *Base of the perineal body
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PERINEUM
- *area between fourchette and the anus
- *base of the perineal body
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VAGINAL VESTIBULE
- *tubular structure between bladder and rectum
- *acidic secretions, protect against infections
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What are the two parts of the uterus?
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FUNDUS
Top part of the corpus
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ISTHMUS
separates corpus from cervis
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What are the three smooth muscle layers of the uterus?
- *endometrium
- *myometrium
- *peritoneum
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MYOMETRIUM
layers of smooth muscle, assist in expelling fetus
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What are the two types of tissue that make up the cervix?
connective & elastic tissue
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What are the four sections of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)?
- *interstitial
- *isthmus
- *ampulla
- *infundibulum
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In what part of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes) is the ovum fertilized in?
Ampulla
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What are the two functions of the ovaries?
- *hormone production
- *ovulation
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What are the three functions of the bony pelvis?
- *protects the pelvic structures
- *accommodates the growing fetus during pregnancy
- *anchors the pelvic support structures
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What are the functions of the breasts?
- *lactation
- *sexual arousal in mature adult
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What stimulates the growth of breasts?
Estrogen
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What causes maturation of mammary gland tissues?
Progesterone
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Which two hormones increase 3-4 days before menstruation?
Estrogen & Progesterone
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LOBULES
clusters of acini in the breast.
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ACINUS
- *saclike terminal part of a compound gland emptying through a narrow lumen or duct.
- *lined with epithelial cells that secrete colostrum & milk
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When is it best to carry out a breast self-examination (BSE)?
5-7 days after menstruation stops.
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MENARCHE
first menstruation
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HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY CYCLE
- *GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary to release FSH & LH
- *FSH stimulates development of ovarian follicule and estrogen production.
- *LH surges at day 12
- *Ovum released 24-36 hrs later
- *If no fertilization, regression of corpus luteum, and decline of estrogen and progesterone & menstruation occurs
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What are the four phases of the endometrial cycle?
- *Menstrual
- *Proliferative
- *Secretory
- *Ischemic
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On what days does the menstrual phase of the endometrial cycle occur?
Day 1-5
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On what days does the proliferative phase of endometrial cycle occur?
day 5-ovulation
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What occurs during the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle?
ovulation until 3 days before menstruation
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What occurs during the ischemic phase of the endometrial cycle.
blood supply blocked, functional layer separates from basal layer and bleeding occurs
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When does implantation occur?
7-10 days after ovulation
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What causes basal body temperature to increase after ovulation?
increasing progesterone levels
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How does mucus change during the endometrial cycle?
thick prior and post ovulatory, stretchy egg white appearance at time of ovulation
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PROSTAGLANDINS (PGs)
- *Affect smooth muscle contractility
- *Produced in most organs of the body
- *Also found in menstrual blood
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CLIMACTERIC
- *transitional phase during which ovarian function and hormone production decline
- *spans the years from onset of premenopausal ovarian decline to postmenopausal time with symptoms stop.
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PERIMENOPAUSE
precedes menopause, often 4 years in length
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MENOPAUSE
last menstrual period; dated with certainty only 1 year after menstruation ceases
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At what age does both males & females achieve physical maturity?
17
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PRECONCEPTION COUNSELING
avoiding pregnancy, manage risk factors, identify healthy behaviors
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When should a pregnant woman begin maternity care?
First 12 weeks
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What percentage of US pregnancies are unplanned?
50%
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What percentage of women do not use birth control?
10%
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AMENORRHEA
no menstrual cycle
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DYSMENORRHEA
painful menstruation
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ENDOMETRIOSIS
tissue sloughs
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MENORRHAGIA
heavy menstrual bleeding
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METRORRHAGIA
bleeding intermittent into abdomen.
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PERIMENOPAUSE
- *irregular bleeding
- *vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes)
- *decreased fertility, but pregnancy CAN occur
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What is the #1 cause of death among non-pregnant women?
Domestic Violence
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What are the six components that influence a person's recognition of need for care and response to the health care system?
- *culture
- *religion
- *socioeconomic status
- *personal circumstances
- *uniqueness of the individual
- *stage of development
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