Module 1 Key terms.txt

Inflammation of a vein

Inadvertent administration of a solution into the surrounding tissues

Inadvertent administration of vesicant into the surrounding tissues

IV medication that causes blisters and tissue injury when it escapes into surrounding tissues. Vesicatory refers to causing blisters

Systemic inflammatory response to infection

Solution that has the same osmotic pressure as the referent solution (eg, plasma)

Solution with a higher concentration than that of blood

Solution with a concentration lesser than that of blood

IV administration of nutrients to patients through a central venous catheter

Nutrition delivered into a peripheral vein

Mechanism of providing feedback of physiological process to help patients learn how to manipulate those responses through mental activity

Program of directed thoughts and suggestions that guide the imagination toward a relaxed, focused state

Mind-body technique by which an individual can consciously quiet the mind by focusing one�s attention in order to control some functions of the SNS

Plants and plant extracts used to treat disease and promote wellness

Treatment of disease with minute drug doses to activate an illness that then stimulates the body�s normal defense system to eliminate illness

Body region supplied by a pair of dorsal root ganglia

Alteration in the level of pain intensity (by either increasing or inhibiting it), including the processing of incoming impulses from the sensory nerve to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord; also occurs via descending messages originating in the midbrain and sent to the dorsal horn

Initiation of the pain stimulus

A free nerve ending that is a receptor for painful (noxious) stimuli. Found in almost all types of tissue

State of neural supersensitivity where a slight painful stimulus can be interpreted as very painful

Awareness and coordination of movement and position of the body, head, and limbs

The ability to perceive the movement of one�s body

Awareness of body; derived from Greek words meaning body and sensation

Physiological and psychological equilibrium or balance

• Fast � pain that originates in the free endings of the large myelinated nerve fibers of the skin; responds to strong pressure and high temperature, thus eliciting the withdrawal reflex
• Slow � pain that originates in the endings of the smaller unmyelinated nerves that has a throbbing or aching quality

the lowest intensity of painful stimulus perceived by the individual as pain

Pain that originates from the bone, joints, muscles, skin, or connective tissue. Sharp or knife like in character, usually precisely located to affected areas

Pain that originates from any of the large interior organs that occupy a body cavity (cranial, thoracic, abdominal, or pelvic)

The transfer of visceral pain sensations and deep somatic pain via the autonomic nervous system to a body surface at a a distance from the actual origin

The degree of pain that an individual is willing to endure

Arises as a consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system

Spontaneous or unpredictable breakthrough pain

Pain that is refractory or resistant to some or all forms of treatment

Minimum blood serum level of a drug reached immediately before the next scheduled dose

Percentage of the drug that is available to achieve its intended effect in the body

Phase that describes how drugs are acted on in the body from ingestion to elimination, includes the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism (biotransformation), and excretion

Process in which drugs are detoxified or broken down to a form that can be eliminated

Serum drug level that lies between the minimum effective concentration and the toxic concentration. Level to be maintained to achieve desired affects and avoid symptoms of toxicity

Time required for the body, tissue, or organ to metabolize or make inactive half the amount of a substance taken in

Time it takes for the drug to reach its highest concentration in the blood