Module 2 Key terms.txt

Substance of abnormal concretion composed of mineral salts commonly produced within the renal system

Painful urination

Hormone produced by the kidney in response to low oxygen states or low hematocrit, which stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow

Blood in the urine

Physiological and psychological equilibrium or balance

Dilation of the renal pelvis because of an obstruction of urine flow or from ureteral reflux

Area surrounding the nephron loops and the peritubular capillaries, which has a high osmotic pressure due to extremely high levels of sodium. Renal interstitial space facilitates the massive volume water reabsorption required to maintain fluid balance

One's own kidney as opposed to a transplant graft

Infection contained to the kidney

Having the ability to harm the kidney

Successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of hollow muscular structure and forcing its contents onward (esophagus, intestines)

Genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys

Infection of the ureters and kidney

Compound that contains radioactive materials that are used in nuclear scans; the activity of these tagged materials allows the study of substances as they course through the body

Pertaining to the kidney

Cortex and medulla of the kidney that contain the functioning units and collecting ducts of the kidney

Space between the peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall that contains the kidneys and associated structures, the pancreas, part of the aorta, and inferior vena cava

Accumulation of end products of protein metabolism in the bloodstream due to renal failure

Backward propulsion of urine through the valve that normally closes the bladder and ureteral junction to backward flow of urine

Generalized edema associated with malnutrition, terminal illness, and metabolic fluid overload problems

Removal of the bladder

High serum cholesterol

Decrease in the albumin in the blood

Body discomfort and fatigue

Surgical removal of the kidney

Kidney stone disease

Urination at night

• Infection acquired in a health care facility
• Oliguria
• Low urine output

Increase in protein in the urine

A narrowing of the lumen of the ureter

A narrowing of the lumen of the urethra

An infection involving the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra

Refers to stones in the urinary tract

A remedy that replaces a patient�s blood or bone marrow with blood or bone marrow from a donor

Skin graft

Extracellular protein like substance

Less than 50 mL per 24 hours of urine

A buildup of nitrogenous waste products

Accumulation of materials in a space that fills the contours of the space

An imbalance in solute concentration across the blood brain barrier

Waste materials

Incision through a fibrous layer that separates muscles

Excess intravascular fluid

Insufficient intravascular fluid

Occurring within the kidney

Twitching or clonic spasms of a muscle or group of muscles

Disease of the kidneys

State of normal blood volume

Functional elements of an organ

Surrounding the kidney

Physical, biochemical, and physiological nature of an individual as determined by the genotype and environment. Outward expression of the individual�s genes

Occurring after the kidney

Occurring prior to the kidney

Genetic relationship between individuals of differing species