Ch.1

• What we percieve as light is narrow band of electromagnetic energy. (380 nonmeters to 760nm).
• Only wavelengths in this range stimulate receptors in the eye that permit vision.

a light of a specific wavelength exhibiting deep chromatic saturation

the attribute of color perception (i.e. red, organe, yellow, green, blue, violet)

throws a minute inverted image onto a dense mosaic of light sensitive receptors, which convert the patterns of light energy into chains of electrical impulses that the brain will interpret.

the hole must be small (allowing little light to pass through) if the image is to be sharp.

• 1) lens focuses the image in front or behind the retina instead of on it, short sighted (nearsighted or myopic) or long sighted (farsighted or hyperopic)
• 2) lens is not truly spherical, giving distortion and, in some directions, blurring of the image (astigmatic)
• 3) the cornea is irregular or pitted

fitted to the eye itself serve to give fresh surfae to cornea unlike regular eyeglasses

pigmented part of the eye; color has no impact on vision as long as it is opaque.

Iris is a muscle that forms the pupil; light passes through the pupil to the lens which lies immediately behind it.

thin sheet of light-sensitive nerve cells converting light into electrical impulses.

Light receptor cells named after their appearance under microscope

color vision, using the cones of the retina

the gray world given by the rods in dim light

when both rods and cones are active

Information coded into chains of electrical impulses

when the perception (the hypothesis) of an object is incorrect

light entering the eye which gives rise to the sensation of brightness

the density of light recieved on a surface

• 1) intesity of light falling on a given region of the retina at a certain time
• 2)the intensity of light that the retina has been subject to in the recent past (called adaptation)
• 3) the intensities of light falling on other regions of the retina (called contrast)

the ability of the eye to make out fine detail

At different rates

For a given intensity, the colors in the middle of the spectrum look brighter than those at the ends.

their shape is similar, but the cones are most sensitive to yellow, and the rods are most sensitive to green.

Five colors of light; violet, blue, green, yellow and red.

White can be made, but not black or nonspectral colors such as brown.

it gives rise to sensations of brightness and color, but not only in conjunction with a suitable eye and nervous system.

violet, green, and red

knowledge of the normal color of objects.