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Parasympathetic system
- Cell bodies located in cranial nerves.
- CN III, VII, IX, and X and Spinal Nerves S 2,3,4 which are pelvic splanchnics
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Another name for Sympathetic system is?
Also call Thoracolumbar part of the autonomic nervous system.
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Two layers of the skin
- Epidermis - (Epi-Above) (Dermis-Skin)
- Dermis
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Fibers present in the skin are?
- -Elastic
- -Collagen
- -Reticular
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types of skin
Thick-Palm/sole of foot
Thin-Eyelids abdomen etc
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Appendages to the skin
- -Hair
- -Nails
- -Sweat glands
- -Sebacious Glands (oil)
- -Ceruminous Glands (wax)
- -Mammary Glands
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Functions of the skin
- -Protection
- -Reception
- -Excretion/Absorption
- -Regulation of Body Temp
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4 Ways the skin protects the body
- -Secretion
- -Hair
- -Pigment (melanin)
- -Thickening (warmth, can add a layer of fat beneath the skin)
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Reception of the skin
- Tactile
- Pain
- Pressure
- Thermal
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ways the skin helps regulate body temp
- Evaporation of Sweat
- Cooling of Blood
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What are Flexure Lines?
Skin freely movable over superficial fascia. Maybe wrinkled or pulled up into folds(except palm and soles)
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What is a Dimple?
Periosteum attached to the skin
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What are Tension Lines or Langer's Lines
- Skin is not smooth.
- Geometric Pattern of Creases
- Follows Bundle of Collagen Fibers in dermis of skin
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What are Friction Lines?
- Alternate Grooves and Ridges found in palm of hand and sole of foot
- Give Finger and Foot Prints
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List 4 changes Age can have on the Skin?
- Translucent-(thinning)
- Wrinkles-(loss of fat)
- Loss of Hair
- Liver Spots-(accumulation of melanin spots of hands and feet)
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Nerve Supply
An Area of Skin Supplied by the Sensory Fiber of a Dorsal Root through Dorsal and Ventral Rami of the Spinal Nerves.
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Which nerve does not have a dorsal root?
Cn 1
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How many contiguous spinal nerves need to be anesthesized during surgical intrusion of the skin?
Three
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Why is it important to know the Dermatomes?
The help to detect Neurological lesions
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How does Collogen Heal?
By Fibrosis which leads to scarring.
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What is Facia
- Packaging material of Fat and Fibers.
- Superficial-- Usually more Fat than Fibers.
- Deep --usually contains fore Fibers than Fat
- Mixture of Fat and Connective Tissue
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Name the key Determatomes (6)
- T4-Nipple
- T10-Navel
- T12-Above the Pubic Bone
- L4-Hallux (Big Toe)
- C7-Middle Finger
- C8-Little Finger
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Where is the breast located?
Between the Sternum and Mid-Auxillary Line and between Ribs 2-6
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Where is the Nipple Located?
In intercostal space 4 on top of the Pectoralis Major and Minor Muscles.
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Two major contents of the Breast are?
- Fat
- Glands
- NON- Lactating Breast is mostly fat,
- Lactating Breast has increased glandular material.
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60% of the carcinoma of the breast is loated in which quadrant?
Superolateral Quadrant
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List the blood supply (arteries) to the heart.
- 1. Pectoral Branch of the Thoracoacromial Artery
- 2. Lateral Thorac Artery
- 3. Poster Intercostal Arteries
- 4. Anterior Perforating Branches of the Internal Thoracic Artery
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Name the nerves that are part of the Greater Splanchnic.
T5-T9 Celiac ganglion
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Name the nerves that are part of the Lesser Splanchnic.
The Superior Mesenteric Ganglion
T10, and T11
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Name the nerve that is part of the Lowest Splanchnic. Aortico-Renal Ganglion.
T12
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Name the nerves that are part of the Lumbar Splanchnics. The inferior mesenteric Ganglion.
L1, and L2
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