HTN

> 90% of hypertensive patients

unknown pathophysiologic etiology

Can’t be cured

Genetic factors

• < 10%
• HTN cause by something else
• cormid conditon - meds - drugs - foods
• want to treat/correct the underlying condition to help correct the HTN

DPB < 90 mm Hg with SBP ≥ 140

Results from pathophysiologic changes in arterial vasculature consistent with aging

SBP is a strong predictor of CV disease in patients ≥ 50 years old

• Pulse pressure = SBP – DBP
• - Reflects extent of atherosclerotic disease in elderly
• - pulse pressure, ­ CV mortality
• - Measures arterial stiffness

• eyes
• brain
• heart
• kidneys
• peripheral blood vessels

• Age ≥ 55 years for men -
• 65 for women
• DM
• obesity
• tobacco
• microalbuminuria
• dyslipidemia

BP = CO x TPR

• ↑ Cardiac output
• - Increased cardiac preload
• - Venous constriction

• ↑ peripheral resistance
• - Functional vascular constriction
• - Structural vascular hypertrophy

• MOA - blocks Na/Cl transporter
• = causes Inc. excretion of Na/Cl and water follows