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The flashcards below were created by user
DesLee26
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The earliest studies of __ and __ probably dealt with what?
Early healers relied on __ and __.
Later, __ were used to treat certain ailments.
Eventually, the stage was set for the development of __ with standardized terms in __ and __.
- anatomy and physiology
- treating illnesses and injuries
- superstitions and magic
- herbs
- medicine
- Greek and latin
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Anatomy and Physiology are ___, meaning one depends on the other. Which depends on which?
- closely interrelated
- Physiology depends on anatomy
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Anatomy deals with what?
Physiology deals with what?
- anatomy: structure (morphology) of the body and its parts
- phys: functions
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Anatomists rely on __ while physiologists employ __.
- observation
- experimentation
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True or False:
The functional role of construction depends on how it is parted.
- False
- the functional role of a part depends on how it is constructed
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Fundamental __ are traits shared by all organisms.
characteristics of life
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Characteristics of life include ___ (10)___.
Taken together, these ten characteristics constitute __.
- movenent (internal and gross)
- responsiveness (reaction to internal/external change)
- growth (increase in size w/o changing the shape)
- reproduction (new organisms and new cells)
- respiration (use of O2/ removal of CO2)
- digestion (breakdown of food into simpler forms)
- absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids)
- circulation (movement w/in body fluids)
- assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different forms)
- excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
- metabolism
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Maintenance of Life:
1) Requirements of Organisms
- Life depends on the availability of the following: _ (5)_
2) Both the __ and __ of these factors are important.
- 1) Water
- 2) food
- 3) heat
- 4) pressure
- 5) oxygen
- quality and quantity
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What is homeostasis?
maintenance of a stable internal environment
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Whta is metabolism?
process by which the body obtains and uses energy
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__ mechanisms regulate __ in a manner similar to the functioning of a home heating thermostat.
Another __ mechanism employs __ to regulate __.
- homeostatic
- body temperature
- homeostatic
- pressure sensitive receptors
- blood pressure
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Many of the body's homeostatic controls are ___.
Each individual uses homeostatic mechanisms to keep body levels within a __; __ can vary from one individual to the next.
- negative feedback mechanisms
- normal range x2
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What are the levels of organizations?
- atoms
- molecules
- macromolecules
- organelles
- cells
- tissues
- organs
- organ systems
- organisms
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__ are the simplest level, and two or more of these comprise a __.
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__ are large, biologically important molecules inside cells.
macromolecules
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__ are aggregates of _ used to carry out a specific function in the cell.
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__ are the basic living unit, and groups of them functioning together create __, which form __, which function together as __, which also function together to make an __.
- cells
- tissues
- organs
- organ systems
- organism
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The __ is the sum of its parts and these parts can be studied at a variety of levels of organization.
human body
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Why do we need water?
required for metabolic reactions, for transport of substances, for temp. regulation
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Why do we need food?
nutrients needed to supply energy and raw materials for building new living matter
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Why do we need oxygen?
used in releasing energy from nutrients
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Why do we need heat?
a byproduct of metabolism; its presence governs the rate at which reactions occur
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Why do we need pressure?
force required to facilitate movement of air or fluids
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