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Anterior Lobe
Regulates unconscious proprioception.
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Posterior Lobe
“Neocerebellum”-It mediates fine motor coordination.
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Flocculonodular Lobe
vestibulocerebellum
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Vermis
Joins the cerebellar hemispheres; site of termination of the spinocerebellar tracts.
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Primary Fissure
Divides the cerebellum into anterior and posterior parts.
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Horizontal fissure
It divides the cerebellum into superior and inferior parts.
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Superior Medullary Velum
White matter lamina that acts as the roof of the IV Ventricle.
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Superior Cerebellar Peduncles (SCP)
“Brachium Conjunctivum”- carry bundle of fibers from midbrain and pons to the cerebellum.
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Middle Cerebellar Peduncles (MCP)
“Brachium Pontis”- carry fibers mostly from pons to the cerebellum.
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Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles (ICP)
“Restiform Body”- carry fibers from the medulla and spinal cord to the cerebellum.
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Cerebellar Nuclei
Receive input from the cerebellar cortex and they represent the output of the cerebellum.
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Arbor Vitae
Arrangement of cerebellar gray and white matter.
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Corpora Quadrigemina
- Located in the tectum of the midbrain; formed by 4 colliculi. The Superior Colliculus receives visual input and is involved in ocular motor control. The Inferior Colliculus receives auditory input from the brain stem and auditory cortex.
- The brachia connects the colliculi with the thalamus.
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C.N. IV
purely motor; supplies the Superior Oblique muscle.
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Crus Cerebri
Located anterior to cerebral peduncles; contains motor tracts.
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Interpeduncular Fossa
Space between the cerebral peduncles; C.N. III emerges from it.
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C.N. III
Motor fibers supply Levator Palpebrae Superiori, Inferior Rectus, Medial Rectus, Superior Rectus, and Inferior Oblique. It also has parasympathetic fibers that control pupillary constriction and lens accommodation.
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Pons
Contain multiple nuclei that regulate sensory and motor innervation to the face; involved in breathing, swallowing, auditory input, balance, sleep/consciousness.
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C.N. V
Mixed nerve; sensory fibers supply the face, motor fibers supply muscles of mastication.
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Dorsal Median Sulcus
Posterior groove in closed medulla.
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Medial Eminence
Elevation in the Rhomboid fossa.
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Facial Colliculus
Dorsal elevation formed by the facial nerve looping around the abducens nerve inside the pons.
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Vestibular Area
Dorsal elevation formed by the presence of the vestibular nuclei inside the pons.
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Stria Medullares
Portion of C.N. VIII that crosses the acoustic area.
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Sulcus Limitans
Marks the lateral boundary of the Rhomboid fossa in proximity of the locus ceruleus.
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Pontomedullary Junction
Fissure marking the separation of the pons from the medulla oblongata; point of exit of Cranial Nerves VI, VII and VIII.
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C.N. VI
Motor nerve; supplies Lateral Rectus.
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C.N. VII
Mixed nerve; motor innervation for muscles of facial expression and branchiomeric muscles; taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue; supplies sublingual, submandibular and lacrimal glands.
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C.N. VIII
Sensory; Auditory and Vestibular sensory input.
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C.N. IX
Mixed; contributes to pharyngeal plexus; posterior 1/3 of tongue for taste; carotid sinus; parotid gland.
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C.N. X
Mixed; Parasympathetic innervations to organs from neck to transverse colon; motor to laryngeal mm, pharyngeal constrictors, other oral cavity mm (Levator veli palatini, Salpingopharyngeus, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus).
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C.N. XI
Spinal branch supplies Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius; Cranial branch join vagal plexi.
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C.N. XII
Supplies intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except for Palatoglossus).
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Pyramid
Elevations located in the superoanterior aspect of the medulla; site of corticospinal tract decussation.
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Olive
Elevations located lateral to the pyramids; involved in control of movement.
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Cuneate tubercle and fasciculus
Part of Dorsal Column System; Carries proprioception and touch from upper body.
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Gracile tubercle and fasciculus
Part of Dorsal Column System; Carries proprioception and touch from lower body.
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Vagal Trigone
Eminence in the Rhomboid Fossa formed by C.N. X.
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Hypoglossal Trigone
Eminence in the Rhomboid Fossa formed by C.N. XII.
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Obex
Most inferior point of the IV Ventricle as it becomes the central canal.
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Dorsal Median Sulcus
Shallow groove located in posterior closed medulla.
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