-
Which WBC's are granular and what is their function?
- All the phils!
- Neutrophils (60-70%), Eosinophils (2-4%), Basophils (1%)
- Phagocytosis and inflammatory response
-
Who can AB- donate to and receive from?
- Donate to AB-, AB+
- Receive from AB-, A-, B-, O-
-
What happens in the coagulation phase of hemostasis?
- Clotting from coagulation
- Fibrin fibers branch like a dam
- (Requires clotting factors from the liver and calcium from the blood)
-
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets
-
What is a high RBC count?
Polycythemia
-
What is platelet aggregation?
When platelets stick together
-
What does the prothrombinase intrinsic pathway consist of?
- Activation of platelets by collagen (blood trauma)
- Platelets factor
- Clotting factor X (10)
-
What 2 stem cells does the hemocytoblast become?
- Lymphiod stem cell
- Myeloid stem cell
-
What does the nucleus of a lymphocyte look like?
- Spherical nucleus
- agranular
- fx = immunity
- 20-30%
-
What is a high WBC count?
Leukocytosis
-
What is a erythrocyte?
- Red Blood Cell (RBC)
- it has no nucleus
- contains 250 million hemoglobin molecules
-
What is erythropoiesis?
Erythrocyte (RBC) formation
-
Who can O- donate to and receive from?
- Donate to anyone!!! Universal donor
- Receive from only O-
-
What is the transport molecule for iorn?
Transferrin
-
Where do the 3 requirements for RBC formation come from?
- supplied by regular diet
- recycled from cells and stored in the liver and spleen
- Amino acids, iron, vitamin B12
-
What does the prothrombinase extrinsic pathway consist of?
- Damage tissue (tissue trauma)
- Tissue factor
- Clotting factor VII (7)
-
What are albumins and their function?
- Make up 60% of the 7% of plasma protiens
- Maintains osmotic pressure of the plasma
-
Who can O+ donate to and receive from?
- Donate to A+, B+, AB+, O+
- Receive from O+, O-
-
Who can AB+ donate to and receive from?
- Donate to AB+ only!!!
- Reveive from anyone! Universal recipient!!!
-
What is thrombopoietin?
The hormone that stimulates platelet formation
-
What 2 blasts can a myeloid stem cell become?
-
What are plasma proteins and what are their percents?
- 7% of plasma
- Albumins 60%
- Globulins 35%
- Fibrinogen 4%
- Regulatory proteins 1%
-
What is Hemostasis?
Blood clotting to stop bleeding
-
What is the name of the cell when the nucleus is ejected from the RBC before it enters circulation?
- Reticulocyte
- then to a mature RBC
-
What is the composition of plasma and the percentages.
- Water 92%
- Plasma proteins 7%
- Other solutes 1%
-
What is a leukocyte?
White Blood Cell (WBC)
-
What does the nucleus of a neutrophil look like and what is its function?
- Segmented nucleus
- Granulated
- Phagocytosis
- 60-70%
-
What is a hemocytoblast?
The mother cell of every cell in the blood
-
What is an embolism?
A blockage of a vessel due to a clot
-
What happens to RBC's when they die?
- Hemolysis occurs in the blood
- Liver and spleen phagocytes eat them
-
In what 2 places does WBC formation take place?
- Lymph tissues for lymphocytes
- Red bone marrow for monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils
-
Who can B- donate to and receive from?
- Donate to B-, B+, AB-, AB+
- Receive from B-, O-
-
What does the hemocytoblast turn into to make platelets?
- Hemocytoblast
- Myeloid stem cell
- Megakaryocyte
- Platelets (Thrombocytes)
-
What is a low WBC count?
Leukopenia
-
What does the nucleus of a monocyte look like and what is it's function?
- Kidney shaped
- agranular
- tissue macropahges
- 4-8%
-
If the bilirubin atays in the intestine what does it turn into?
-
What cell does a monoblast become?
Monocyte
-
What happens to the hemoglobin in dead BRC's?
- Splits into heme and globin
- Amino acids of the globin is recycled
- Heme splits releasing the iron which is recycled
- Heme to bilirubin to urobilin to urine
- or
- Heme to bilirubin to stercobilin to shit
-
What cell does a lymphiod stem cell become?
Lymphocyte
-
What does counadin (warfarin) do?
- (anticoagulant)
- Antagonist of Vitamin K
-
What is a low RBC count?
Anemia
-
What is a blood clot that is attached to a vessel wall called?
Thrombus
-
What is the lifespan of a RBC?
80-120 days
-
What happens in the platelets phase of hemostasis?
Platelets plug formation
-
What is prothrombinase common pathway?
Factor VII + Factor X = Prothrombinase
-
What is jaundice?
Bilirubin leaks into blood
-
What is sickle cell disease?
Abnormal RBC in the shape of a moon
-
What does a hemocytoblast produce to make a RBC?
Myeloid stem cell
-
What is a embolus?
A moving clot
-
What is the RBC mother cell?
Hemocytoblast
-
What is the storage molecule for iron?
Ferritin
-
What is thrombocytopenia?
Low platelet count
-
What is hemophilia?
The lack of blood coagulation
-
What organ excreted thrombopoitin?
The liver
-
If bilirubin goes into the kidneys what does it turn into?
-
What WBC's are agranular and what is their function?
- The cytes
- Lymphocyte and Monocyte
- Antigen-antibody reactions
- macrophages
-
What is fibrinogen?
- Makes up 4% of the total 7% of plasma proteins
- It is essential for clotting blood
-
What is Leukemia?
Disease that cause high WBC's
-
What are the 3 requirements for RBC formation?
- 1. Iron (Heme)
- 2. Amino Acids (Globin)
- 3. Vitamin B12 (Maturation)
-
What is a transfusion reaction?
When blood types are not compatible the oppising antibodies will agglutinate and hemolysis will occur and fatal circulatory shock occurs leading to death
-
What does Hemoglobin consist of?
- 4 irons that bind to 4 Heme
- Each iron molecule binds with 1 O2 molecule
- Makes 2 alpha and 2 beta chains
- Globin is the protein
-
Name the 5 WBC's and the differential?
- 1. Neutrophils 60-70%
- 2. Lymphocytes 20-30%
- 3. Monocytes 4-8%
- 4. Eosinophils 2-4%
- 5. Basophile 1%
- Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
-
What does the nucleus of a basophil look like?
- Bilobed nucleus
- Granulated
- Big purple lump
- Fx = inflammation
- 1%
-
What is the function of (homoglobin) a RBC?
- Hemoglobin transports 97% of O2
- Hemoglobin transports 23% of CO2
- Hemoglobin releases nitric oxide (regulation of blood flow)
-
What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)?
- When mom is Rh- and dad and baby are Rh+
- the mother must go thru desensitization before the next pregnancy or the 2nd baby will die
-
What is a differential?
The percent of each type of WBC
-
Who can B+ donate to and receive from?
- Donate to B+, AB+
- Receive from B+, B-, O+, O-
-
What are globulins?
- 35% of the 7% of plamsma proteins
- Its functions is immunity
-
What happens in the vascular phase of hemostasis?
- Vascular spasm
- Decreased loss of blood
- Contraction of smooth muscle of the injured vessel
-
What are the functions of leukocytes?
- Immune response
- Phagocytosis
-
What 6 cells can a myeloid stem cell become?
- 1. Erythrocyte (RBC)
- 2. Thrombocytes (platelets)
- 3. Basophils
- 4. Eosinophils
- 5. Neutrophils
- 6. Monocytes
-
What is a chemical that prevents blood from clotting?
Anticoagulants
-
What cells does a myeloblast become?
- ALL PHILS!
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
-
What is fibrinolysis?
Clot dissolving
-
What are the 3 phases of hemostasis?
- 1. Vascular phase
- 2. Platelets phase
- 3. Coagulation phase
-
What does the nucleus of a eosinophil look like and what is its function?
- Bilobed nucleus
- Granulated
- Antiinflammatory
- 2-4%
-
-
What are regulatory proteins?
- Makes 1% of the 7% of plasma proteins
- Function is enxymes and hormones
-
What is the function of platelets?
Platelet plug formation in clotting blood
-
Who can A- donate to and receive from?
- Donate to A-, A+, AB-, AB+
- Receive from A-, O-
-
What is blood type?
The prenence or absence of the A and B antigens on the RBC surface
-
Who can A+ donate to and receive from?
- Donate to A+, AB+
- Receive from A+, A-, O+, O-
-
What are the 3 stages of the coagulation phase of hemostasis?
- 1. Formation of prothrombinase
- 2. Formation of thrombin
- 3. Formation of fibrin fibers
-
What is hemopoiesis?
The formation of formed elements in the blood
-
What does heparin do?
- (anticoagulant)
- Decreases thrombin production
-
What is the name of the enzyme that breaks up a blood clot?
- Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA)
- Activates plasmin which eats the blood clot
-
What is the stimulation process of RBC formation?
- 1. Decreased RBC's
- 2. Tissue hypoxia
- 3. Kidneys excrete erythropoietin hormone
- 4. Bone marrow stimulation
- 5. Production of proerythrocytes
- 6. Erythrocytes
- and repeat untill it is ok again
-
What does EDTA and CPD do?
- (anticoagulants)
- tying up and removing calcium
|
|
