Medical Terminology Ch. 4

  1. crani/o
    cranium (skull)
  2. gastr/o
    stomach
  3. illi/o
    ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)
  4. inguin/o
    groin
  5. lumb/o
    loins (lower back)
  6. pelv/i
    pelv/o
    pelvis
  7. spin/o
    spine
  8. thorac/o
    chest
  9. albin/o
    leuk/o
    white
  10. chlor/o
    green
  11. cirrh/o
    jaund/o
    xanth/o
    yellow
  12. cyan/o
    blue
  13. erythr/o
    red
  14. melan/o
    black
  15. poli/o
    gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord)
  16. acr/o
    extremity
  17. eti/o
    cause
  18. idi/o
    unkown, peculiar
  19. morph/o
    form, shape, structure
  20. path/o
    disease
  21. radi/o
    radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
  22. somat/o
    body
  23. son/o
    sound
  24. viscer/o
    internal organs
  25. xer/o
    dry
  26. -genesis
    forming, producing, origin
  27. -gnosis
    knowing
  28. -gram
    record, writing
  29. -graph
    process of recording
  30. -logist
    specialist in the study of
  31. -logy
    study of
  32. -meter
    instrument for measuring
  33. -metry
    act of measuring
  34. -pathy
    disease
  35. ab-
    from, away from
  36. ad-
    toward
  37. hetero-
    different
  38. homeo-
    same, alike
  39. infra-
    below, under
  40. peri-
    around
  41. super-
    above, upper
  42. trans-
    through, across
  43. ultra-
    excess, beyond
  44. adhesion
    abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally seperated
  45. analyte
    substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods (in a glucose tolerance test, glucose is the analyte)
  46. contrast medium
    substance injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures that otherwise are difficult ot visualize on x-ray films
  47. dehiscence
    bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
  48. febrile
    feverish; pertaining to a fever
  49. homeostasis
    relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes
  50. inflammation
    body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and, sometime, loss of ufnction
  51. morbid
    diseased; pertaining to a disease
  52. nuclear medicine
    branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research
  53. radiology
    medical specialy converned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury
  54. (radiology) interventional
    Radiological practice that employs fluoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in nonsurgical treatment of various disorders
  55. (radiology) theraputic
    use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer, also called radiation oncology
  56. radionuclides
    substances that emit radiation spontaneously; also called tracers (are safe for humans and should not have harmful effects)
  57. radiopharmaceutical
    radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance used to visualize an organ or area of the body that will be scannned
  58. scan
    term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone)
  59. sepsis
    pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream
  60. suppurative
    Producing or associated with generation of pus
  61. Diagnostic Procedure-Endoscopic-
    Endoscopy
    Visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
  62. Diagnostic Procedure/Endoscopic-
    Laparoscopy
    Visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall
  63. Diagnostic Procedure/Endoscopic-
    Thoracoscopy
    Examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space witha scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs
  64. Diagnostic Procedure/Laboratory-
    Complete blood count (CBC)
    Common blood test that enumerates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; measure hemoglobin; estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into 5 subtypes with their percentages
  65. Diagnostic Procedure/Laboratory-
    Urinalysis (UA)
    Common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine
  66. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Computed tomography (CT)
    Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles; formerly called computerized axial tomography
  67. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic
    Doppler
    Ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood-flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells
  68. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic
    Fluoroscopy
    Radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion of images of internal structures
  69. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
    Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather thatn an x-ray beam to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images
  70. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Nuclear scan
    Diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) called a tracer tht is introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected) and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures
  71. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Positron emission tomography (PET)
    Scanning technique using computed tomography to record the positrons (+ charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical, that produces a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine the presence of disease
  72. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Radiography
    Imaging technique that uses x-rays passed through the body or area and captured on a film; also called x-ray
  73. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
    Radiological technique that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs
  74. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Tomography
    Radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section, or slice, or an area, tissue or organ at a predetermined depth
  75. Diagnostic Procedure/Radiographic-
    Ultrasonography (US)
    Imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that display the reflected "echoes" on a monitor; also called ultrasound, sonography, echo, and echography
  76. Diagnostic Procedure/Surgical
    Biopsy (bx)
    Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examinations, usually to establish a diagnosis
  77. Diagnostic Procedure/Surgical
    Biopsy- Frozen Section
    ultra-thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
  78. Diagnostic Procedure/Surgical
    Biopsy- Needle
    Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached ot a syringe
  79. Diagnostic Procedure/Surgical
    Biopsy-Punch
    Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow intrument (punch)
  80. Diagnostic Procedure/Surgical
    Biopsy-Shave
    Removal of tissue, using a surgical blade ot shave elevated lesions
  81. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Ablation
    Removal of a part, pathway or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency (RF)
  82. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Anastomosis
    Surgical joining of 2 ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
  83. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Cauterize
    Destroy tissue by electicity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals
  84. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Curettage
    Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette
  85. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Incision and drainage (I&D)
    Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawl of fluids from a wound or cavity
  86. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Laser Surgery
    Surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues
  87. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Radical dissection
    Surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence
  88. Therapudic Procedure/Surgical-
    Resection
    Partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure
  89. Abbreviations:
    ant
    AP
    • ant- anterior
    • AP- anteroposterior
Author
Anonymous
ID
103870
Card Set
Medical Terminology Ch. 4
Description
Body Structure, Medical word elements, pathology
Updated