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Define Diathesis.
A biological or psychological predisposition to disorder.
Examples:
•Genetic predisposition towards obesity
•Psychological predisposition to abuse alcohol
•Psychological predisposition to display impulsive behavior.
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Diathesis MUSTs..
Stress must interact with a predisposition for a disorder to occur
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Define Epidemiology and what it investigates.
The study of patterns of disease or disorder in the general population.
Looks to investigate through surveying & observations.
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Explain the 3 aspects of Prevalence & Severity.
1) Incidence: New cases of MD's
2) Prevalence: All cases of MD's
3) Lifelong Prevalence: Those who have a MD anytime in their lives.
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Define Comorbidity.
The presence of two or more disorders in a person.
27.7 percent of Americans will have more than one mental disorder in their lifetime
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Define Cohort Effects.
Significant differences in disorder expression depending on demographic features.
Often, age and gender are used to display cohort effects.
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Explain Risk factors.
An individual or environmental characteristic that precedes a mental disorder and is correlated with that disorder.
Fixed risk factors: gender, age, race, ethnicity
Dynamic risk factors: social support, education level, financial status
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Define Protective Factors.
Associated with lower risk of mental disorder.
These have not been researched as extensively as risk factors.
Protective factors are multi-faceted
Biological, psychological, or social
Individual, family, and community/social levels.
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What 3 categories fall under the most common disorders?
1) Anxiety
2) Mood
3) Substance
Disorders
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What are men at a greater risk for in comparison to women?
Men: substance abuse, antisocial personality, psychosexual, and developmental disorders.
Women: Anxiety & mood disorders.
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