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gelding
castrated male horse
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wether
castrated male sheep
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steer
castrated male cattle
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barrow
castrated male pig
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gilt
sow that has not had a litter
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rostral
toward the tip of the nose (on the head)
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medial
toward the medial plane
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lateral
away from the medial plane
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proximal
closer to a point of reference
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distal
farther from a point of reference
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medial plane
plane down the backbone
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sagittal plane
plane parallel to the mid-saggital plane, but not a symmetric cut
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transverse plane
cut perpendicular to the long axis
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dorsal plane
divides top and bottom
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oblique plane
45 degree angle cut
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contralateral
opposite side
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phyiology
study of the function of the body
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integument
outer covering of any animal
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dogma
some fact that is believed but has never been proven
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endogenous
arising from within the body
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hypocalcemia
low calcium levels in the blood
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mastitis
inflammation of the mammary glands
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oxytocin
hormone that controls milk letdown
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intercostal
between the ribs
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pyometra
pus-filled uterus
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leukocytopenia
white blood cell deficiency
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ambidextrous
ability to use both hands equally
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infraorbital
beneath the eye
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polydipsia
excessive thirst
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hypoglycemia
low blood sugar levels
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osteomalacia
bone softening
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oophorectomy
surgial removal of the ovary
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hematopoiesis
blood production
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endocardium
within the heart
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throacotomy
chest incision
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pleomorphism
having more than one form
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retrocervical
back of the neck
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onychectomy
surgical removal of the nail
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panophthalmitis
inflammation of the entire eye
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urethrostomy
surgical opening in the urethra
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cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
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gluconeogenesis
production of glucose in the liver
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gut
refers to the intestine
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hematology
study of blood
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hematoma
collection of blood outside of the vascular system, usually clotted
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hemolysis
rupture of blood cells
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diffusion
passive process where molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
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osmosis
the diffusion of water
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necropsy
examination of a dead animal to determine the cause of death
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hypertension
high blood pressure
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luteolytic
rupture of the corpus luteum
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anestrus
interval of sexual inactivity between periods of estrus
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proestrus
period immediately preceding estrus
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estrus
period of heat; maximum sexual receptivity
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diestrus
period of sexual inactivity after estrus
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hemacytometer
a special, thick glass slide used to determine sperm concentration in a semen sample
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isotonic
relating to a solution having the same osmotic pressure an another solution
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hypotonic
having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular solution
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hypertonic
having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular solution
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ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay
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corpus albicans
dead CL that is no longer making progesterone
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histology
study of tissues
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whelping
giving birth in dogs
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vector
carrier of disease
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pharmacology
the branch of medicine concerned with the uses, effects and modes of actions of drugs
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bioavailability
how much of a drug actually makes it to the site in its original form
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pharmacokinetics
the branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body
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ligand
molecule that binds to the receptor
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agonist
acts like the parent compound (binds to receptor)
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antagonist
fights against something (blocks response, interferes with receptor)
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analog
a compound with a similar structure to the parent compound
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affinity
a compounds "sticky-ness" to a receptor
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RU 486
famous progesterone antagonist
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enzymes
proteins that catalyse chemical reactions
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pinocytosis
cell engulfing a piece of material
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extravascular
outside of the vascular system
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renal clearance
the volume of plasma that is cleared of a drug in one minute of passage through the kidneys
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pharmacodynamics
study of the biochemical and physologic effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action
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potency
the concetnration of a drug required to produce 50% of the drugs maximal effect
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efficacy
the ability of a drug to elicit a response when bound to a receptor
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