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Viruses

  1. Viruses show what kind of characteristics?
    Living AND non-living
  2. How do viruses reproduce?
    Viruses can only reproduce within the living cells of another organism
  3. What is the name given to the organism which the virus uses to reproduce?
    The host
  4. What is the name given to a virus because it has to reproduce within the living cells of another organism?
    Obligate parasite
  5. Viruses _______ cause disease?
    always
  6. What do the viruses make use of from the host cell to make copies of themselves?
    The cell's biochemical machinery
  7. Does viral replication destroy the host cell?
    Yes
  8. Is a virus a cell?
    NO
  9. Describe the structure of a virus
    • A virus:
    • is surrounded by a protective protein coat - capsid
    • contains a nucleic acid core - either RNA or DNA
    • some may also have an envelope, enzymes and/or fibres
  10. How can viruses be transported?
    By droplets, faeces, contact (blood or sexual) and animal bites
  11. Describe the stages of viral replication
    • The virus adheres to the host cell and thrusts its tail through the cell wall.
    • The virus injects its DNA into the host cell
    • The virus takes over the host cells biochemical machinery and replicates its own DNA using the host cell's nucleotides
    • Each viral DNA molecule induces the formation of a protein coat and enters it
    • The host cell bursts, destroying the cell, releasing many copies of the virus
  12. What does the virus need to produce new viral particles?
    The virus needs the host cell's nucleotides, ATP and amino acids
  13. What must the virus do to the host cell before it can start replicating?
    The virus must supress the cell's normal nucleic acid replication and protein synthesis
Author
Anonymous
ID
105198
Card Set
Viruses
Description
Higher Biology - Viruses
Updated

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