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Viruses show what kind of characteristics?
Living AND non-living
How do viruses reproduce?
Viruses can only reproduce within the living cells of another organism
What is the name given to the organism which the virus uses to reproduce?
The host
What is the name given to a virus because it has to reproduce within the living cells of another organism?
Obligate parasite
Viruses _______ cause disease?
always
What do the viruses make use of from the host cell to make copies of themselves?
The cell's biochemical machinery
Does viral replication destroy the host cell?
Yes
Is a virus a cell?
NO
Describe the structure of a virus
A virus:
is surrounded by a protective protein coat - capsid
contains a nucleic acid core - either RNA
or
DNA
some may also have an envelope, enzymes and/or fibres
How can viruses be transported?
By droplets, faeces, contact (blood or sexual) and animal bites
Describe the stages of viral replication
The virus adheres to the host cell and thrusts its tail through the cell wall.
The virus injects its DNA into the host cell
The virus takes over the host cells biochemical machinery and replicates its own DNA using the host cell's nucleotides
Each viral DNA molecule induces the formation of a protein coat and enters it
The host cell bursts, destroying the cell, releasing many copies of the virus
What does the virus need to produce new viral particles?
The virus needs the host cell's nucleotides, ATP and amino acids
What must the virus do to the host cell before it can start replicating?
The virus must supress the cell's normal nucleic acid replication and protein synthesis
Author
Anonymous
ID
105198
Card Set
Viruses
Description
Higher Biology - Viruses
Updated
9/29/2011, 4:43:12 PM
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