Microbial Drugs

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Penicillin
- Beta-lactams
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: inhibition of transpeptidases
Cephalosporins
- Beta-lactams
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: inhibition of transpeptidases
Carbapenems
- Beta-lactams
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: inhibition of transpeptidases
Monobactams
- Beta lactams
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: inhibition of transpeptidases
Vancomycin
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: Inhibition of transglycosylase
Fosfomycin
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Cell Wall
- Action: Inhibition of enolpyruvate transferase
Aminoglycosides
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Site: Ribosome (30S)
- Action: Blockade of the "initiation complex"
- - Misreading of the code of mRNA template
- - Blockade of translocation reaction
Macrolides & Ketolides
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Site: Ribosome (50S)
- Action: Blockade of translocation reaction
Clindamycin

Protein synthesis inhibitors
Tetracyclines & glycylcycline
- Protein synthesis inhibit
- Site: Ribosome (30S)
- Action: Blockade of aminoacyl-tRNA binding
Streptogramins

Protein synthesis inhibitors
Chloramphenicol
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Site: Ribosome(50S)
- Action: Block transpeptidation reaction
Linezolid
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Site: Ribosome(50S)
- Action: Blockade of the "initiation complex"
Sulfonamides
- Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis or function
- Site: Cytoplasm
- Action: Inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase
Trimethoprim
- Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis or function
- Site: cytoplasm
- Action: inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase
Fluoroquinolones
- Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis or function
- Antimycobacterial *
- Site: cytoplasm
- Action: Inhibition of topoisomerases
Metronidazole
- Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis or function
- Site: DNA
- Action: DNA damage
Isoniazid

Antimycobacterial
Rifampin

Antimycobacterial
Pyrazinamide

Antimycobacterial
Ethambutol

Antimycobacterial
Streptomycin

Antimycobacterial
Quinupristin
- Protein synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Ribosome(50S)
- Blockade of translocation reaction
Dalfopristin
- Protein synthesis inhibitor
- Site: Ribosome(50S)
- Action: Induction in conformational change in the 50S ribosome
Two Mechanisms
1) Binds penicillin-binding proteins and inhibits catalytic functions of these enzymes.
2) Activate autolysins
Time dependent bactericidal

Beta- Lactams
Bind terminus of nascent peptidoglycan pentapeptide --> inhibition of transglycosylase
Bactericidal

Vancomycin
Inhibits enolpyruvate transferase --> blocks N-acetylmuramic acid synthesis.

Fosfomycin
Inhibits the binding of the tRNA to the (A) site of the ribosome.

tetracyclines
Inhibits the transpeptidation reaction of peptidyltransferase

Chloramphenicol
Inhibits translocation reaction to the (P) site.
(4 drugs)
- 1) aminoglycosides
- 2) macrolides
- 3) lincosamides
- 4) type B streptogramins

Author

lazzsant

105286

Card Set

Microbial Drugs

Description

Intro to antimicrobial drugs

Updated

9/30/2011, 3:09:18 AM

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