Histology Mini1 Part2

• epithelium
• connective
• muscle
• nervous

• Epithelia, muscles, adipose cells, schwann cells
• aka basement membrane
• connective tissue

Laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, collagen IV network

reticular fiber, anchoring fibrils, and fibrilnectin

collagen VII

Collagen IV meshwork

• reticular fiber
• collagen III
• Ehlos Danlos Syndrom

• Collagen III (and I) deficiency.
• Enlarged organs
• Stretchy skin
• bursing vessels

• tripple helix of tropocollagens
• III(reticular) forms fibers only, I and II can form bundles
• made in the rough ER

• Fibrillin gene mutation
• weakened elastic fibers
• aortic and atrial ruptures

• produce deep wrinkles
• damages fibrillin microfilaments

Proteoglycans bound to none sulfated hyaluronic acid chains with linker proteins

• GAG and a protein core
• looks like a toilet brush
• attracts water by attracting + electrolytes
• in all ground substance (aggrecan), some transmembrane linkers (syndecan) and as some binding sites for growth factors

• SS - site of fluid and gas transfer (lungs and blood vessle endothelial cells
• StraSNK-skin with dead cell on top
• StraSK - mucous membrane - vagina esophagus

• Simple - protection and secretion - ovary covering, kidney tubules, duckts of glands
• Stratified - ducts of larger glands, exocrin glands and sweat glands

• SC - Secretion and protection of the digestive tract. Stomach, small inestine and gall bladder lining
• StraC- Ducts of large glands - vas deference, uterus and salavery glands
• PesudoStraC- TRACHEA cilliated with goblet cells and epididymis with long microvilli (stereocillia)

• Looks like cillia (clumping under LM)
• but is actually microvilli

• Actin microfilliment deformed plasma membrane
• for absorption and increasing surface area
• forms brush boarder
• instestinal and renal cells for absorption
• inner ear and taste buds for sensory

• 9/2 microtubles
• for movement and sensing
• in kidneys and all the sexy parts

• 95% in the uterine tube, bleeding and tube rupture is serious
• Some are bottom of the uterus
• rarely in the overies
• and some are abdominal and uterin rectal space

• IL-2 and other cytokines to fight against maternal immunity
• HLA-G blocks binding of T cells

• Dynenin arm defect
• cilia defect
• 20% complete situ inversus (cilia defect during 3rd week of development)
• Male infertility (flagella defect)
• respiratory disease (respiratory cilia defect)

• mutation of the sonic hedge hog gene failure to specificy midline during development
• alcohol abuse during first month of pregancy where EtOH selectivly kills midline cells

• Caudal Dysgensis
• Lateral plate mesoderm didn't migrate
• maternal diabetes
• fused lower limb buds

primitive streat remnant after 4th week will grow in to a tumor.

• incompete lateral fold during development
• missing part of the anterior body wall, all your guts and shit come out.....

anterior and posterior neuropore incomplete closure (respectivly)

• two branches but only one axonal process coming off cell
• dentritic branch is pretty much the dentrite

• silver percitipation (heavy metal percipitate)
• neurons and glial cells

CNS - spinal cord and brain

PNS - ganglions

• CNS only
• CNS schwann cells
• can wrap multiple axons with myline sheets

• CNS only - most numerous
• protoplasmic (gray) and fibrous (white)
• highly expression of glial fibrilar acid protein
• supplies neurons with nutrients from blood
• forms scar tissues

• brain maphrophage
• monocyte precursor
• phagocytosis of debris and damaged structures of CNS
• AIDS dementia - due to infection of microglial cells in the CNS

• lines and produces the ventricles and CSF of the brain and central canal
• cuboidal or low columnar
• cilia to move the CSF at coroid plexus

• demylination of the CNS by
• 1. autoimmune again myline
• 2. autoimmune again oligiodentrocyte

• neuro crest progenitor
• mesaxon is where the wrapping ends/begins - the lip of the outter layer
• saltatory conduction through nodes of ranvier
• produces endonurium(lose connective tissue) of the PNS axon bundle

traped cytoplasm of the schwann cells in the myline sheets

• Perinurium bundles up several PNS axons with layers of flattened epithlial cells (not epithelium because it lacks connective tissue)
• Blood nerve barrier
• prevent bacteria and macro molecues from coming in contact with the nerve axons

don't play music ok, you are going to be in big trouble if i catch you

arachnoid projections into the the dural space to drain the CSF

barrier formed by the pedicles of the astrocytes making up the barrier up against the pia matter

blood brain barrier formed by the endothelial cells of the capillaries supplying the CNS with tight junctions

• molecular layer (apical - dendrites)
• purkinje layer (cell bodies)
• granule cell layer (smallest neural cells)
• below that is white matter

• 1. chromatalysis - lose the basophilic color, decrease in nissle bodies (rough ER and ribosome combo)
• 2. anterograde /Wallerian degenerations: distal degeneration of the axon past the point of the injury
• 3. regeneration and guided through schwann cord

in neurons, a combination of rough ER and free ribosomes that are used for synaptic vessicle production

• generated post nerve injury as axons try to repair and find its schwann chord
• large bulbous nerve ending cannot find its schwann chord and produce pain

= soma = cell body = nerve cell

where a dentrite synaps with an axon

epithelial receptor that detects light touch