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kepling
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Three risk factors for TB?
- DM
- Silicosis
- Immunosuppression
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What is the cord factor of TB?
- Virulence factor
- ** Mycoside: 2 MAs + 1 disaccharide
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T/F M. tb has no glyococalyx or toxins
T, just pure number and inhibition of immune system
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5 risk factors for infection from M. tuberculosis?
- Contact
- Long-term care facility
- low income
- alcohol consumption
- malnutrition
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What are the three outcomes of M. tuberculosis infection?
- 1) clearance
- 2) Granuloma formation to wall off bacteria
- 3) no granuloma = hematogenous miliary TB
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What type of pathogen is M. tuberculosis?
Facultative intracellular pathogen
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What type of necrosis is caused from M. tuberculosis infection?
Caseous
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How many weeks does a TB infection need to be present to activate a skin test?
2-6 wks
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What type of lung environment is best for latent TB infections?
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What is the most important cause of secondary TB?
HIV
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What is miliary TB?
The caseous necrosis w/i granuloma not contained and the lesion is lysed so spread occurs
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What is Potts disease?
MTB in vertebral bodies
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Four components of TB ID?
- skin test
- medical history
- X-ray
- Bacterial ID
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What type of hypersensitivity rxn is the skin test?
Type IV, CMI activation
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T/F the skin test can activate primary TB
F, just secondary (latent)
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T/F the + skin test implies active immunity and disease
F, does not imply active infection or immunity
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What is the stain for AF bacteria like M. tuberculosis?
- Ziehl-Neelsen
- Turant Fluorescent (preferred by labs)
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What is the BACTEC system and its four related antibiotics?
- Bacterial ID test in 6-10 days
- RISE: rifampin, isoniazind, streptomycin, ethambutol
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What is the best way to manage treatment of TB?
DOT: Direct Observation of Treatment
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What drug is commonly used in single drug therapy of TB?
INH
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What are the first line drugs (RISE-P-?
- Rifampin
- Isoniazid
- Streptomycin
- Ethambutol
- Pyrazinamide
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What is the common vaccine for TB?
BCG (can cause False positive)
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