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What are the essential characteristics of a profession?
- Competence
- Social Value
- Social recognized autonomy
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What is the definition for a profession?
Occupation that requires specialized education and training
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What are the functions for Radiology Technology Education (RHB and JRCERT)
- Sets standards for radiologic technology education
- Inspects radiologic technology schools to verify compliance with education standards
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As a professional, you will be judged by:
- Patients- appearance and behavior primarily. They will assume you have the skills and training
- Supervisors and co-workers- your skills and ability to get along with others. Can you get the job done
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How to achieve student goals:
- Look the part- appearance is very important
- Act the part- you must perform, no passive observing
- Learn the language
- Acquire the skills- classroom, lab practice, watching the professional, participating at your clinical site
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As a healthcare professional your goals are:
- Do no harm
- Respect the uniqueness of each patient
- Respect your profession and the job you do
- Maintain high professional standards consistently
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What are 4 types of ethical problems? In article, "Ethics"
- Ethical distress
- Ethical dilemmas
- Ethical dilemmas of justice
- Locus of control issues
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What is Ethical Distress? In article, "Ethics"
When we know exactly what course of action is right but there is a barrier keeping us from doing it
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What are Ethical Dilemmas? In article, "Ethics"
Problems that require a moral judgement between two or more ethically correct courses of action that are mutually exclusive
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What are Ethical Dilemmas of justice? In article, "Ethics"
When resources are allocated to some individuals or groups but not to all
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What is Locus of Authority? In article, "Ethics"
When professional roles or institutional policies make it unclear who is in charge in a given situation
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What is the student code of conduct between student to student? What must you keep in mind?
- mutual respect and courtesy
- teamwork, cooperation is essential
- business-like
- moral behavior is essential, do your own work
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What is the student code of conduct between student to technologist at a clinical setting? What must you keep in mind?
- key person in your training- they will show you how to do it
- a professional person who deserves your respect
- business-like relationship
- your role is not social but as a learner
- participate, do not just observe, but always consult with the technologist
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What are the 5 relationships in the student code of conduct?
- student-student
- student-technologist at a clinical setting
- student-radiologist
- student-other health professionals
- student-patient
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What is the student code of conduct between student to radiologist? What must you keep in mind?
- is the team leader
- business-like at all times
- the resource person for medical lnowledge
- deserves your respect and compliance
- your function is to produce a diagnostic image that they can properly interpret
- may not notice you at first, you must make an effort
- you gain their recognition when you exhibit interest and enthusiasm for your training and have pride in the images you produce
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What is the student code of conduct between student to other health professionals? What must you keep in mind?
- commands your respect as a member of allied health care team
- business-like, be courteous
- your function is to assist when possible and comply with their requests
- must always adhere to your department's policies before complying
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What is the student code of conduct between student to patient? What must you keep in mind?
- always your first concern
- respect everyone as a unique individual
- do no harm
- respect the patient's right to medical confidentiality
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Define medical confidentiality
Belief that detailed personal and privileged information given by the patient to the HCP should be kept private. Examples: history of alcohol/drug abuse, STD's, medications history, family problems.
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What are the exceptions to medical confidentiality?
- to aid in diagnosis, only those facts that are pertinent
- presenting a case presentation- the patient must not be identified
- legal requirements. examples: suspected child/elder abuse, communicable diseases, gunshot wounds
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What are the ethical problems facing healthcare today?
- Divergent values- America is a land of diversified backgrounds and cultures that can be a source of conflict
- Incompatible perceptions- every individual has a unique set of values and perceptions
- Poor communication- not only is language differences a barrier, often the patient has no idea what will be happening to them
- Healthcare is a science practiced with some uncertainty- not all treatments are successful
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What are the essential characteristics of a health care professional (HCP)?
- dress
- speech and language
- nonverbal communication
- personality traits
- required work skills
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Name the 4 steps in ethical analysis:
- identify the problem
- develop a list of alternative solutions
- select the best solution
- defend your selection
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A professional knows 3 things:
- what to do
- how to do it
- why it is done a certain way
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What is the national X-ray Equipment Safety department called and where is it located?
- BRH- Bureau of Radiological Health
- department within HEW located in Rockville, Maryland
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Define competence
Members claim maximal competence and/or knowledge in a speciafic area. This competency is achieved through specialized education often along with an apprenticeship or clinical training- "practice what you learn"
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Define professional ethics. In article, "Ethics"
Rules of conduct or standards of a profession based upon human values and moral principles
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What defines professional ethics for Rad Techs? In article, "Ethics"
- Code of Ethics- includes ARRT Rules of Ethics
- Scopes of Practice
- Practice Standards
- Standard of Care
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Define accreditation
The process by which an agency or organization evaluates and recognizes an institution or program of study as metting certain predetermined criteria or standards. OCC Rad Tech program is accredited by the JRCERT and California RHB
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What are the 4 Ethics for the Radiologic Technologists?
- ARRT Standards of Ethics:
- a. Code of Ethics- aspirational
- b. Rules of Ethics- mandatory and enforceable
- Practice Standards- what we do and how well we do it
- School of Allied Health Professions Code of Ethics
- Student Code of Conduct
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Define nonconsequentialism
The specific act/action itself is to be considered when judging whehter it is right or wrong
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Define professionalism
The conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize a profession
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What are morals?
Generally accepted customs of right living and conduct
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What is ethics?
Science of rights and wrongs of human conduct based upon self-discipline. Not a set of laws
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What is an ethical dilemma?
Situation requiring a moral judgement followed by a specific course of action between two or more equally possible alternatives. "what is the right thing to do"
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What are laws?
Regulations established by a government applicable within a certain political subdivision
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What is professional etiquette?
Manners and attitudes shown toward patients generally accepted by practitioners in the field
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What is consequentialism?
Underlying reasons are considered when judging an action right or wrong
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What is registration
- This is the annual procedure required by ARRT to maintain initial certification. Must meet ARRT requirements:
- 1. agree and comply with the ARRT Rules and Regulations
- 2. maintain Standard of Ethics
- 3. meet the continuing education requirements of 24 hours in a 2 year cycle
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What is social value?
- Offers a service which is of some significant social value. The HCP has a strong tradition of social value. The HCP is expected to :
- 1. derive self satisfaction from simply providing the service
- 2. usually does not consider money earned as the primary source of self satisfaction
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What is the state X-ray Equipment Safety department called and where is it located?
- RHB- Radiologic Health Branch
- Located in Sacramento
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What is the national professional organization called and what does it do?
- ASRT- American Society of Radiologic Technologists
- 1. represents the professional interest of its members
- 2. helps to set and maintain professional standards in Radiologic Technology
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What is the state professional organization called and what does it do?
- CSRT- California Society of Radiologic Technologists
- Offers a student 1 year free membership after passing the state CRT exam if the student currently holds student membership in CSRT
- 1. represents the professional interest of its members2. helps to set and maintain professional standards in Radiologic Technology
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What is certification and what department is involved? Is it national or state? Governmental or nongovernamental?
- Certification is a process by which a nongovernmental agency or association grants recognitions to an individual who has met certain predetermined qualifications specified by that agency or association.
- Give the registry exam
- ARRT- American registry of Radiologic Technologists
- national level
- It's the initials at the end of your name R, RT, M, CIT, CT, MRI
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What is licensing/licensure and what department is involved? Is it national or state? Governmental or nongovernamental?
- Licensing/licensure is the process by which a government agency permission to persons to engage in a given profession or occupation by certifying that those licensed have attained the minimal degree of competency necessary to ensure that the public health, safety, and welfare will be reasonably well protected.
- RHB- Radiologic health Branch in Sacramento
- state level
- Exams: limited permit, CRT
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What is the local X-ray Equipment Safety department called and where is it located?
- Environmental Health Agency
- Santa Ana, Orange County
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What is the state Radiologic Technology Education department called and where is it located?
- RHB- Radiologic Health Branch
- Sacramento
- OCC is a full state approved program
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What is the national Radiologic Technology Education department called and where is it located?
- JRCERT- Joint Review Committee on Education for Radiologic Technology
- Chicago
- OCC is a fully accredited program
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What is autonomy?
- The right to control or regulate a profession. Includes:
- a. setting standards for competency
- b. enforcing those standards via rules and regulations
- c. ensuring that competency is achieved by mandatory minimum standards of trianing
- d. verification of said competency via certification and specialized testing
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