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nikkibeck
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What is the functional unit of a nervous system?
Neuron
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What is the structure of a neuron?
Dendrite carries info to the cell body, then the cell body carries to the axon.
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List the anatomical parts of the nervous system, and provide their function?
- A. Cell body- where metabolism takes place
- B. Dendrite- impulse sends to cell body
- C. Axon- away from cell body
- D. Terminal- distal end, contains NT
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What are the 3 functional types of neurons, their alternate names, and functions?
- A. sensory- (afferent) receptor > sensory neuron > CNS
- B. motor- (efferent) CNS > motor neuron > effector
- C. association- located between the sensory and the motor paths- higher function
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Define receptor?
structure that responds to a stimulus
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define effector?
structure that carries out a response
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What reproductive ability do neurons have?
none
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What are the 3 requirements for axon degeneration?
- 1. peripheral location
- 2. cell body intact and functioning
- 3. unobstructed path
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What type of tissue is a neuroglial cell?
connective tissue (CT)
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What is the reproductive ability of a neuroglial cell?
It can under go cell division.
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What are thefunctions of a neuroglial cell?
- 1. supports and protects neuron
- 2. mylelin sheath insulates neuron
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Define action potential and what's it's role?
- Change in potential that occurs if the membrane is depolarized from resting to threshold.
- Role- primary signal for info transmission
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List the parts of action potential?
- 1. depolarization
- 2. repolarization
- 3. hyperpolarization
- 4. return to resting
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How is each part of action potential changed relative to resting potential?
- 1. depolarization- potential becomes more + d/t Na+ inflow
- 2. repolarization- potential becomes more - d/t to K+ outflow
- 3. hyperpolarization- potential < resting
- 4. return to resting- d/t Na+ and K+ pump
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What are the 2 types of electrical transmission?
continuous and saltatory
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Whisch type of neuron does continuous occur? Describe the process in transmission.
- 1. unmyelinated fibers
- 2. AP at all locations
- 3. proximal to distal
- 4. slower
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Which type of neuron does saltatory occur? Describe the process in transmission.
- 1. myelinated fibers
- 2. AP at Nodes of Ranvier
- 3. faster
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What are 2 types of chemical transmission?
synapse and neurotransmitter (NT)
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Define synapse?
site of a chemical transmission between a neuron and another structure
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Define neurotransmitter?
carries out chemical transmission
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What must happen to the neurotransmitter after it has it's effect?
It must be removed.
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