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What is the functional unit of a nervous system?
Neuron
What is the structure of a neuron?
Dendrite carries info to the cell body, then the cell body carries to the axon.
List the anatomical parts of the nervous system, and provide their function?
A. Cell body- where metabolism takes place
B. Dendrite- impulse sends to cell body
C. Axon- away from cell body
D. Terminal- distal end, contains NT
What are the 3 functional types of neurons, their alternate names, and functions?
A. sensory- (afferent) receptor > sensory neuron > CNS
B. motor- (efferent) CNS > motor neuron > effector
C. association- located between the sensory and the motor paths- higher function
Define receptor?
structure that responds to a stimulus
define effector?
structure that carries out a response
What reproductive ability do neurons have?
none
What are the 3 requirements for axon degeneration?
1. peripheral location
2. cell body intact and functioning
3. unobstructed path
What type of tissue is a neuroglial cell?
connective tissue (CT)
What is the reproductive ability of a neuroglial cell?
It can under go cell division.
What are thefunctions of a neuroglial cell?
1. supports and protects neuron
2. mylelin sheath insulates neuron
Define action potential and what's it's role?
Change in potential that occurs if the membrane is depolarized from resting to threshold.
Role- primary signal for info transmission
List the parts of action potential?
1. depolarization
2. repolarization
3. hyperpolarization
4. return to resting
How is each part of action potential changed relative to resting potential?
1. depolarization- potential becomes more + d/t Na+ inflow
2. repolarization- potential becomes more - d/t to K+ outflow
3. hyperpolarization- potential < resting
4. return to resting- d/t Na+ and K+ pump
What are the 2 types of electrical transmission?
continuous and saltatory
Whisch type of neuron does continuous occur? Describe the process in transmission.
1. unmyelinated fibers
2. AP at all locations
3. proximal to distal
4. slower
Which type of neuron does saltatory occur? Describe the process in transmission.
1. myelinated fibers
2. AP at Nodes of Ranvier
3. faster
What are 2 types of chemical transmission?
synapse and neurotransmitter (NT)
Define synapse?
site of a chemical transmission between a neuron and another structure
Define neurotransmitter?
carries out chemical transmission
What must happen to the neurotransmitter after it has it's effect?
It must be removed.
Author
nikkibeck
ID
107225
Card Set
A&P
Description
Nervous System
Updated
10/8/2011, 10:35:26 AM
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