The cell is the fundamental unit of the human body.
movement
conductivity
merablic absorption
secretion
excretion
respiration
reproduction
Difference between Aerobic and anarobic respiration?
Aerobic- with O2
Anarobic- without O2
Define Tissue?
Group of cells that perform a similar function
Epithelial Tissue?
Lines internal and external body surfaces and protects the body. Some forms perform specialized functions
Secretion
Absorption
Diffusion
Filtration
Connective Tissues
Proper
Fluid - blood and Lymph ( cantaned in lymphatic system)
Supporting - Cartilage and Bone
Define Muscle Tissue
Contracts when stimulated.
Cardia Tissue?
Found only within the heart. Unique capability of spontaneous contraction w/e external stimulation
Smooth Muscle?
Found with in intestines and encircling blood vessels
Generally under control of the autonomic nervous system.
Skeletal muscle ?
allows movement and is generally under coluntary control - most abundant type. ( brain activated.)
Nerve Tissue?
Specialized Tiwwue that transmits electrical impulses throughought the body. ( spinal cord, peripheral nerves)
Organ?
structure made up of 2 or more kinds of tissue organized to perform a more complex function.
System?
Group of organs arranged to perform a more complex function than can any one organ alone. 11 major systems
Tendon?
Connects bones with Muscle
Ligament
Bone to Bone
Floating Bone?
Hyoid Bone
Vertebral Column
7- cervical
12- thoracic
5- lumbar
5- sacral ( 5 fused)
4 or 5- coccyx
Thoracic Cage?
protects vital organs in the thorax
prevents collapse of the thorax during respiration.
Appendical Skeleton?
Consists of the bones of extremities
Every bone connects to at least one other bone except?
Hyoid bone.
3 Major classifications of joints?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial- Contain synovial fluid allows movement between articulation bones accounts for most joings of appendiculat skeleton.
Primary functions of the skeletal system?
movement
postural maintenance
heat protection
Skeletal muscle
Voluntary muscle- found through the body
Cardiac muscle
limited to the heart
Smooth muscles
Involvuntary muscles. intestines and surrounds blood vessles.
What is the difference between Sensory nerves and Motor nerves?
Sensory- voluntary
Motor - Involuntay
Organ of the Parasympotetic nervous system?
Vegas Nerve
Central nervous system?
Bran spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system?
Collects info from both inside and outside the body. Relays info by AFFERENT fibers to the CNS and EFFERENT fibers from CNS to rest of body
PADS
Pia matter- arachnoid-dura- skull ( meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.
Dermatome
Refers to skin surface area suppled by a single spinal nerve
Hormone given off by Parasympathetic nervous system?
Actlecoline
Organ and hormones of the sympothetic nervous system?
Thoracis and lumber ganglia- Epinephrine and norepinephrine- alpha and beta receptors
olfactory sense organs?
Receptors lie in the mucosa and upper part of the nasal cavity. Nerve impulses interpreted by the brain as specific odors.
Endocrine system?
Bodies messenger system
Hormones?
Dissolved in blood plasma and quickly distributed throughout the body.
Endocrine glands?
Secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system.
What does your adrenal glad secrete?
spinephrine and norepinephrine- sympotetic nervous system
what does your pancreas secrete ?( islets of langerhans)
insulin and glucagon
exocrine glads ( out)
secrete substances such as sweat, saliva, tears mucus ect. pushing "stuff" out of the bloodstream.
Receptor notes
Chemoreceptors respond to chemical stimuli
Barareceptors respond to pressure changes
alpha and beta receptors - neaurotransmitters and meds
Define Metabolism
Building up( anabolism) and breaking down ( catabolism) of biochems substances and produce energy.
Paracardial sac?
fibrous sac surrounding the heart.
Endocardium?
inside layer of the heart
Where is the heart located?
located in the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity 2/3 of the hearts mass lies in left sternum
Blood flow coming from the right ventrical goes to?
Pulm artery
What veins does blood enter the heart from?
Pulmonary veins
Systemic Circulation?
Blood enters heart at Pul veins into Left ven 1st- passes through left atrium into left ventrical and then into aotra. from aorta blood is pumped throughout the body.
Point of bifurcation of the trachea?
Carina
Ventilation is what kind of movement?
mechanical movement
respiration is?
gas exchange
what is the correct order for airway?
PLTBBA
parynx
larynx
trachia
broncie
bronciolas
aviolie
Visceral Pleura?
Directly covers the lungs
Normal site for fetal developement?
Uterus
Where does the majority of the exchage of materials happen?
CAPillary level
where does 2/3 of the heart lay?
left sternum
What are Fibrolitics?
Meds to break apart clots
Define myocardium
heart muscle
define arteriovenous anastomoses ( av Stunts)
Allows blood to flow from ateries to veins without passing through capillaries
Which way to veins flow?
Into the heart
which way to arteries flow?
away from the heart
Upper airway?
Structures located above the glottis
Oropharynx
Begins at uvula and extends down into the apiglottis opens into the oral cavity