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harstanner
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Can be caused by a loss of both water and solutes
(electrolytes and nonelectrolytes) in ECF
Fluid volume deficit
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A.K.A. Hypovolemia, dehydration, isotonic fluid loss
Fluid volume deficit
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Results from loss of body fluids or decreased fluid
intake; Most at risk: young, old, & ill
Fluid volume deficit
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A.K.A “Third-spacing"
Third Space Fluid Shift
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Fluid shifts of body fluids into transcellular
compartments (not into intracellular space); example Pleural, peritoneal, or pericardial space,
Joint cavities, bowel, interstitial space
Third-Space Fluid shift
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Peritoneal
around the abdomen
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pericardial space
around the heart
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Once trapped in these spaces, the fluid does not easily move
Third-Space Fluid shift
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Results in ECF volume deficit; Caused by disruption in colloid osmotic pressure, increased fluid volume, hyponatremia, severe burns, sepsis
Third-Space Fluid shift
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hyponatremia
severly low sodium
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shock, and increase blood pressure
hypovolemia
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Decreased body weight does not occur & fluid loss
can’t be measured, May have edema & signs of hypovolemia
Third-Space Fluid shift
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Excessive retention of water and sodium in ECF
Fluid volume excess
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A.K.A. hypervolemia or excess of isotonic fluids
Fluid volume excess
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Causes: kidney failure, heart failure, excess IV fluid
intake
Fluid Volume Excess
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Accumulation of fluid in interstitial space= edema
Fluid Volume Excess
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Sodium, chloride, calcium, bicarbonate
Electrolytes in ECF
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Potassium, phosphorus, magnesium
Electrolytes in ICF
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Measured in terms of their chemical combining power- milliequivalent (mEq)
Electrolytes
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The mEq per liter for ______________ in the body vary
within a relatively narrow range
electrolytes
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When __________ are not in balance, the person is at risk for alterations in health
electrolytes
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