Science

• 206 Bones (in most people;some differ in bones in coccyx and ribs)
• Joints (the space where two bones meet)
• Related Connective Tissue: Ligaments, tendons,periosteum

• 1.Serve a firm framework for the body
• 2.Protect delicate structures, for example brain and spinal cord
• 3.Work as levers for muscles so muscles can produce movement
• 4.Store Calcium and phosphorus;help keep calcium in blood at normal level
• 5.Produce blood cells in the red bone marrow (stem cells produced in red marrow and form all blood cells, WBC,RBC and platelettes)

Bone building cells

Bone destroying (break down)

Maintains existing bone

dense,hard,found near bone surface for strength

softer,jelly-like, found in epiphysis and the marrow cavity

Rounded,knoblike end of a bone

large part of a bone that juts out

ridge of bone

sharp projection of bone

• hole in a bone
• Foramen Magnum; place where the spinal cord enters the cranium

• an air space found in some skull bones
• {every sinus has mucus membrane lining}
• Sinuses fit the definition of exocrine glands

• depression (dent) in bone
• example:sphenoid bone goes across underneath brain with fossa that encloses around the pituitary gland protecting it

• skull,vertebral column, ribs, and sternum
• *sacrum is part of axial skeleton

bones of the upper and lower extremities, shoulder girdle, pelvic (hip) girdle.

• connective tissue membrane covering a bone
• (doesn't cover ends of bone)
• (ligaments are an extension of periosteum)

main shaft of a bone

expanded end of a bone

found at ends of epiphyses for cushioning at joint

cartilage found near the ends of bones; concerned with the growth of bone in children

space within the diaphysis, where yellow marrow forms

lining of marrow cavity

fatty connective tissue that fills the marrow cavity; jellylike

tissue which manufactures stem cells (produces all types of blood cells) found near the ends of long bones and the center of other bones

are joints where skull bones meet

8

Frontal bone

2 bones that cover the top and sides of head (mostly the top)

Temporal bones there are 2, temporal pulse can be found here as well as mastoid process

Sphenoid bone made up of 1 bone

1 bone located at the lower back of skull

2 bones that comprise the upper jaw, are fused together and function as one bone

• Lower jaw 1 bone
• try not to dribble on your mandible

2 bones make up the "cheek bones"

• Comprised of 7 vertebrae located in the neck
• 1st vertebrae Atlas (holding up weight of skull)
• 2nd Axis (allows for head rotation)

• comprised of 12 bones located right below cervical vertebrae
• run the length of the thoracic cavity
• and form a joint with each rib

• comprised of 5 bones located in the small of the back
• most likely to be injured from improper body mechanics while lifting or moving heavy object

comprised of 1 bone in adults (5 in young child which fuse together by adulthood)

comprised of 1 bone (4-5 bones in yound children) tailbone, coccygial vertebrae

spinous process, transverse process, spines on the sides of the vertebrae

hole for spinal cord

located between all vertebrae

to make the spine stronger

exaggeration of thoracic curve

exaggeration of lumbar curve

located anywhere in the vertebrae but curves to the side (left or right)

12

• upper 7 pairs
• called true ribs because all 7 connect to sternum via
• it's own cartilage

• lower pairs 8-10
• only connect to sternum via cartilage from rib #7

• lower pairs 11-12
• form joints with the thoracic vertebrae in the back
• but do not do so in the front

• inferior to the sternum (lowest part of sternum)
• if CPR done incorrectly this can break off and puncture the lungs and/or heart

• comprised of 2 bones one on each side of the body
• acromion process
• and glenoid cavity found here (dent where humerus goes)

• comprised of 2 bones, rests on top of sternum medially
• laterally forms joint with acromion process

• 2 bones one on each side of body
• makes up upper arm area

is what makes up the elbow, where you bang your funny bone

16 bones, 8 each wrist

10, 5 bones each hand

• 28, 14 phalanges each hand
• 3 bones each finger
• 2 each thumb

Full skeleton