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alipeace11
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solute
the dissolved material
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solvent
dissolving medium
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in an aqueous solution, what is the solvent?
water
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water can dissolve ______________ (polar/nonpolar)
polar
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electrolyte
when dissolved in water, allows solution to conduct electricity
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What is the difference between strong and weak electrolytes?
- strong: all of compound dissociates into ions
- weak: only a few ions of the compound seperate
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does a nonelectroylte dissolve in water, even if it doesnt break into ions?
yes
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Which ionic compounds are generally soluble?
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What are the exceptions for Cl?
Ag, Hg, Pb
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What are the exceptions for Br?
Ag, Hg, Pb
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What are the excpetions for I?
Ag, Hg, Pb
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Which compounds are generally insoluble in water?
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What are the excpetions for S?
- NH4alkali metals
- Ca, Sr, Ba
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What are the exceptions for CO3?
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What are the exceptions for PO4?
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What are the exceptions for OH?
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What is the molecular equation?
everything written in standard formulas
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What is the complete ionic equation?
strong ions represented as strong ions
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molarity equation?
moles of solute/liter of solute
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define base.
- produces OH
- proton acceptor
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equivalence point
known reacts exactly with unknown (no excess)
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indicator
changes color near equivalence point
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end point
point where indicator actually changes color
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titration
measured volume of solution of known concentration reacts with solution of unknown concentration
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what are the seven steps to balancing redox reactions in acidic solutions?
- 1) write half reactions
- 2) balance all elements except H and O
- 3) balance O with H2O
- 4) balance H with H+
- 5) balance charge with e-
- 6) multiply both or one reactions to get the same number of e- on both sides
- 7) add half reactions and cancel
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What is the extra step to balancing redox reactions in basic solutions?
add OH- to both sides of equation to eliminate H+
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When does O have an oxidation state that is not -2?
in peroxides (H2O2)
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When does H have an oxidation state that is not +1?
In metal hydroxides (LiH)
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