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The use of light, atmosphere, and haziness to indicate depth or distance
Aerial or Atmospheric Perspective
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The side-by-side placement of objects in an artwork or composition
Juxtaposition
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A soft form of carbon used in pencils
Graphite
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Relative lightness or darkness of color
Value
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A sculpture employing three-dimensions attached to a background and meant to be seen from one side
Relief Sculpture
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A sense of equilibrium in an artwork, achieved through weight, attention, or attraction of visual elements
Balance
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A type of kinetic sculpture in which parts move, often by air currents
Mobile
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The place to which a viewer's eye is drawn in a work of art
Focal Area
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A vivid water-based paint, usually applied to paper, with outstanding brilliance and translucence; also term for resulting artwork
Watercolor
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The thick application of paint creating a textured surface on the canvas
Impasto
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A sculpture employing three-dimentions and meant to be viewed from any and all angles
Full round Sculpture
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The uneven distribution of elements throughout an artwork
Assymetry
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A method of etching (intaglio) that imitates the broad tints of a water color
Aquatint
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The surface quality of materials, either actual or implied
Texture
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The perception of reflected or emitted light in terms of hue, value, and intensity
Color
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A painting technique which originated in ancient times, using pigments mixed with melted beeswax as a binder
Encaustic
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A sculpture employing two-dimensional materials
Linear Sculpture
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The relative relationship of shapes or forms to one another in regards to size, height, width, length, or depth
Proportion
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The common name of a color and its position in the spectrum or on the color wheel
Hue
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Skill and imagination used to create or produce aesthetic objects
Art
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The belief that architects should design a building based on the purpose of that building
Functionalism
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When artwork creates a sense of motion through line, form, and juxtaposition
Dynamics
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A decorative device generally placed at the top of a column as a transition for the eye
Capital
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A soft, colored chalk stick or crayon made of pigments and a gum binder, usually applied to paper; also resulting artwork
Pastel
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When all elements in a work of art give a sense of oneness or self-contained completeness
Unity
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How often an element is used and the relationship of one element to another
Variation
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The inclusion or combination of several different styles in one composition of work of art
Eclecticism
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The representation of objects receding into the distance in two-dimensional art
Perspective
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When a sculptor adds or combines material (sometimes called built sculpture)
Addition
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When art is assembled from common every day items
Found object
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The strength or purity of a color
Intensity
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Sculptural relief that projects very little from the background; also called bas-relief
Low Relief
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In printing, a technique in which the intended printing surface is left raised, with remaining areas cut away
Relief
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Sculpture which emphasizes the substances or materials from which it is made
Glyptic
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When the sculptor molds or casts an artwork
Substitution
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A printing technique that forces ink through a stencil (image) on a screen stretched with a fine silk or similar fabric
Serigraphy
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A printing technique employing the antipathy of oil and water
Lithography
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The size, shape, and volume of 3-D forms
Mass
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A work of art from a specific historical time or place
Artifact
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The recurrence of the same visual element in a work of art
Repetition
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The path of a moving point through space
LIne
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A printing technique in which an image is printed from a recessed design incised or etched into the surface of a plate
Intaglio
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A composition of various materials glued on a surface
Collage
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named after its French inventor, an early photographic process where an image is made directly onto a light-sensitive silver-coated metallic plate, without using a negative
Daguerreotype Photography
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When the sculptor carves or cuts away unwanted material to create the work
Subtraction
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When a viewer considers foreground and background independently and recognizes the separation between them
Shifting perspective
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Ability of a material to withstand crushing
Compressive Strength
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Mold from which a sculpture is cast
Negative
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The meaning of the work of art
Content
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The effect of the weather/environment of the surface of an artwork
Weathering
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The shape or mass of an object within an artwork or composition
Form
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Sculpture designed to make a statement and the cease to exist
Ephemeral
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Sculptural relief in which forms extend from the background to at least half their depth
High Relief
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Sculptural relief in which the image or design is modeled below the original surface of the background, which is not cut away
Sunken Relief
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The ordered recurrence or repetition of elements
Rhythm
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The use of foreshortening and a vanishing point to create the illusion of depth
Linear Perspective
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A painting technique that applies water-based paint to a wet-plaster surface
Fresco
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Watercolor to which an opaque white has been added
Gouache
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The size or apparent size of an object seen in relation to other objects, people, or its environment
Scale
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A common structural element of architecture resembling the hollow upper half of a sphere
Dome
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A paint made of color pigments with a synthetic polymer as a binder; does not darken or yellow with age
Acrylic
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A printmaking technique involving drawing directly onto the surface of a metal plate with a sharp, pointed tool, often with a diamond point
Drypoint
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A sense of feeling of depth, actual or implied
Space
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The range or set of colors characteristic of a particular artist
Palette
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The exact duplication of elements on either side of a straight-lined central axis
Symmetry
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Ability of a material to withstand bending
Tensile Strength
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When a sculptor shapes the material by hand
Manipulation
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A way of connecting the parts of a work of art
Articulation
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A paint made of color pigments mixed in slowly drying oil; its main binding agent for pigment is linseed oil
Oil Paint
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Elements (lines, shapes, colors) of a work of art organized to effect participants
Artistic Form
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A water-based paint that uses egg, glue, or casein as a binder; it dries with a flat, dull finish, which means it is not as luminous as oil paint
Tempera
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