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FLUTD
feline lower urinary tract disease
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GFR
glomerular filtration rate
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PU/PD
polyuria/polydipsia
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CRF
chronic renal failure
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IVP
intravenous pyelogram
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UTI
urinary tract infection
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nephrectomy
nephro = kidney ectomy = surgical removal
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juxtaglomerular
juxta = near glomerulo = glomerulus/grapelike cluster of capillaries
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dysuria
dys = difficult or bad uria = urination
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pyelonephritis
pyelo = renal pelvis nephro = kidney itis = inflammation
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urolithiasis
uro = urine lith = stone or calculus iasis = condition
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cystocentesis
cysto = bladder centesis = surgical puncture to remove gas or fluid
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isosthenuria
iso = same sthen = strength uria = urine
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alkalosis
alka = high pH osis = abnormal condition
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urethrostenosis
urethro = urethra stenosis = stricture narrowing
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pneumocystogram
pneumo = air cysto = bladder gram = picture
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Malpighian corpuscle
site of the initial filtration of blood to remove waste products including Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus
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glomerulus
a small tuft or cluster the grapelike cluster of capillaries in the Malpighian corpuscle
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bicarbonate
HCO3 a pH buffer in body fluids
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diuretics
increase urine flow and sodium excretion and thus decrease blood pressure
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angiotensin II
stimulates adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
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aldosterone
stimulates retention of sodium, excretion of potassium and increased BP
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ACE inhibitor
decrease blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin and aldosterone
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urinary acidifier
decrease the pH of urine to dissolve struvite uroliths
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ureter
the duct that carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder
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urethra
tube extending from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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retroperitoneal
'behind the peritoneum" = outside of the peritoneal cavity
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azotemia
the presence of nitrogen containing compounds in the blood
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pollakiuria
increased frequency of urination without an increase in total production
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uropoiesis
the process of urine production
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urinary incontinence
inability to control urination
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urinalysis
labaratory testing of urine, typically includes a gross examination, chemical analysis and sediment evaluation
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hyposthenuria
low urine concentration
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supernatant
the fluid and suspended solids that remian above the sediment after centrifugation of a urine sample
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crystalluria
the presence of crystals in urine
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creatinine
a product of muscle metabolism that is produced at a constant rate and excreted by the kidney, blood levels of creatinine are indicative of kidney function
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stranguria
slow, difficult or painful urination
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cystoscopy
visual examination of the urinary bladder with a fiberoptic instrument
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lithotripsy
destruction of urinary calculi using ultrasonic waves traveling through water
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specific gravity
a measurement of the concentration of particles in urine
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turbidity
cloudiness of a solution, usually due to suspended particles
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peritoneal dialysis
removal of blood waste products by fluid exchange through the peritoneum as a treatment for renal failure
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trigone
the triangular area of the bladder marked by the two ureteral openings and the urethral opening
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magnesium ammonium phosphate
mineral composition of a urinary crystal commonly known as struvite that forms in alkaline urine
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