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all chemical reactions that occur in a cell
metabolism
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what is catabolism and what does it involve
decomposition process
- breakdown of organic materials
- carbs, fats, proteins
Stores Energy (ATP)
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amount of energy needed to raise 1 mL of water 1degree celsius
calorie
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3 stages of cellular Respiration
- Glycolysis
- Krebs Cycle (TCA)
- Electron Transport System
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Glycolysis
- first of several reactions in CR
- occurs in cytoplasm
- the one metabolic pathway found in all living organisms
- process makes large amnts of glucose but limited ATP production per molecule of glucose.
- way of producing ATP during brief periods of lack of oxygen
- vigorous exercise
- in cytoplasm
- NAD hydrogen carrier
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ATP
adenosine triphosphate
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ATP is
transfer of energy from carbs fats and proteins to many different energy requiring processes in the cell
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ADP
adenosine diphosphate
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AMP
adenosine monophosphate
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Need ATP for ...
- active transport
- muscle contraction
- growth / mitosis
- brain / nerve transmission
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how many ATP produced per glucose molecule in glycolysis?
2
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Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) (TCA Cycle)
- series of several rxns controlled by enzymes in the mitochondria
- function is to free hydrogen
- REDOX reactions (oilrig)
1 glucose = 2 pyruvates
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oxidation
loss of electrons with or without their hydrogens
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reduction
gain of electrons with or without their hydrogens
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Electon Transport System (Oxidative Phosphorylation)
- the use of oxidation to add Phosphorous to ADP to make ATP
- the passing of hydrogen atoms or its electron from one carrier molecule to another to release energy (redox rxn)
- electron carrier molecules (coenzymes)
- ATP production
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election carrier molecules
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FAD
- Flavin Adonine Dinucleotide
- need riboflavin to make it
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Cytochromes
- transfer electrons
- contain iron or copper
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