Chapter 43

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  1. Burns occur due to many heat sources. The most common emergency cases of burns are caused by
    • thermal
    • electrical
    • chemical
    • radiation sources
  2. The seriousness of a burn is estimated by its
    • depth
    • percentage of the body burned
    • location
    • age of the victim
    • underlying complications
  3. Associated problems often cause more harm than the burn itself. Be alart for ____ and ____, as well as for broken bones or other injuries.
    • inhalation injuries
    • breathing problems
  4. Signs of possible inhalation injury include:
    • burned or signed nasal hairs
    • burns in or around the mouth
    • flecks of soot in the client's saliva
    • smell of smoke on the client's breath
    • hoarse voice
  5. If a burned person was trapped in a confined space and exposed to chemicals or smoke
    suspect smoke or heat inhalation injury
  6. Drowning is suffocation from submersion in liquid. ____ implies that recovery has occurred after submersion.
    near drowing
  7. Treat all near drowning victims for ____ and ____. Maintain respiratoins and blood pressure until the person is clearly medically.
    • hypothermia
    • shock
  8. broken bone
    fracture
  9. twisting of a joint with rupture of ligaments and other possible damage
    sprain
  10. twisting or stretching that damages a muscle or tendon
    strain
  11. displacement of a bone from a joint
    dislocation
  12. ____ do not move the person. Get emergency help. Question the person if he or she is conscious. Observe for obviously deformed limbs. The injury should be immobilized.
    The cardinal rule of emergency care
  13. a fractured ends of the bone protrude through the skin
    compound fracture
  14. the skin is not broken
    simple fracture
  15. CMS
    • color
    • motion
    • sensitivity or sensation
  16. a tooth that is pushed up into the socket
    intrusion injury
  17. a tooth that is knocked out
    avulsion injury
  18. substances are those that burn or destroy flesh
    caustic
  19. suspect an obstructed airway when a person or child
    • becomes cyanotic
    • stops breathing
    • collapses for no apparent reason
  20. is cause by an insufficient supply of blood and oxygen to the brain.
    fainting (syncope)
  21. things that cause faintness is
    • extreme hunger
    • tiredness
    • heat
    • being in an oxygen-deprived environment
  22. symptoms of fainting
    • dizziness
    • blackness
    • spots before the eyes
    • pallor
    • excessive perspiration
  23. heart attack
    myocardial infarction
  24. synsope
    fainting
  25. symptoms of myocardial infarction
    • pain radiating to the back, neck, jaw, or teeth
    • pain may be mistaken for heartburn or indigestion
    • restlessness
    • panic and a sense of impending doom
    • difficulty breathing
    • other signs of respiratory distress
    • changes in pulse quality and rate
  26. skin is cold and clammy and the person may be
    cyanotic
  27. indicating lack of oxygen to the tissues
    cyanotic
  28. medications dissolve the clot and clear the blocked blood vessel
    thrombolytic
  29. epistaxis
    nosebleed
  30. blood oozes slowly out of the wound
    capillary bleeding
  31. blood comes in spurts with each heartbeat and is bright-red or pink. Is usually the most severe type of hemorrhage.
    arterial bleeding
  32. blood flows steadily and is dark in color. Usually is minor and stops by itself, unless the person has a bleeding disorder.
    venous bleeding
  33. a tie used on an extremely over a pressure point to stop hemorrhage. Often is used as a last resort.
    tourniquet
  34. MAST
    military antishock trousers
  35. can develop life threatening shock before the bleeding is discovered.
    internal bleeding
  36. This acronym SIRES is faced with an allergic or anaphylactic situation
    • Stabilize
    • Identify the toxin
    • Reverse the effect of the toxin
    • Eliminate the toxin
    • Support
  37. is when a person is exposed directly to a hazardous substance.
    primary exposure
  38. occurs when the rescuer or healthcare provider is exposed to the contaminated person.
    secondary exposure
  39. gastric lavage
    pumping the stomach
  40. Hazadouis materials (HAZMATs) are used in the production of many common products including
    • fuel
    • medications
    • plastics
    • home cleaning agents
  41. a substance that neutralizes poisons
    antidote
  42. anaphylactic shock
    anaphylaxis

Card Set Information

Author:
 shortytrinh
ID:
 110023
Filename:
 Chapter 43
Updated:
2011-10-18 23:12:23
Tags:
textbook basic nursing
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Description:
emergency
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