intro to a&p test 5

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  1. The opening of the nose
    NARES
  2. The air-filled cavity behind the nose
    NASAL CAVITY
  3. The scientific name for the “windpipe”
    TRACHEA
  4. One of the two branches formed by division of the trachea
    PRIMARY BRONCHUS
  5. The second branch formed by division of the trachea
    SECONDARY BRONCHUS
  6. The area below the nasal cavities that is common to both the digestive and respiratory systems.
    PHARYNX
  7. A small air-conducting tube containing a smooth muscle layer but little or no cartilage
    BRONCHIOLE
  8. The blood vessels associated with the respiratory structure involved in external gas exchange
    CAPILARY
  9. The substance that carries most of the oxygen in the blood
    HEMOGLOBIN
  10. The substance that carries most of the carbon dioxide in the blood
    WATER
  11. The destruction of the alveoli of the lungs often related to heavy smoking
    EMPHYSEMA
  12. A type of COPD in which the airways are continually inflamed
    CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
  13. A type of COPD in which the alveoli of the lungs coalesce
    EMPHYSEMA
  14. An allergic reaction that affects the bronchial tubes
    ASTHMA
  15. The inner layer of the digestive tract
    MUCOSA
  16. The middle layer of the digestive tract
    MUSCULARIS
  17. The outer layer of the digestive tract
    SEROSA
  18. Folds in the stomach that are absent if the stomach is full
    RUGAE
  19. The proximal region of the stomach (closest to the heart)
    CARDIAC
  20. The middle region of the stomach
    BODY
  21. The “dome-shaped” structure of the stomach
    FUNDUS
  22. The distal region of the stomach
    PYLORIS
  23. The valve between the distal end of the stomach and the small intestine
    PYLORIC SPHYNCTER
  24. The first portion of the small intestine
    DUODENUM
  25. The second portion of the small intestine
    JEJUNUM
  26. The third portion of the small intestine
    ILLEUM
  27. The “pouch” at the proximal large intestine
    CECUM
  28. The worm shaped appendage attached to the cecum
    VERIFORM APPENDIX
  29. Which parts of the large intestine are not parts of the colon?
    CECUM, RECTUM
  30. The portion of the colon between the cecum and liver
    ASCENDING COLON
  31. The portion of the colon between the liver and spleen
    TRANSVERSE COLON
  32. The portion of the colon between the spleen and sigmoid colon
    DESCENDING COLON
  33. The last portion of the colon
    SIGMOID
  34. The splitting of food molecules by the addition of water
    HYDROLISYS
  35. A waste product produced from the destruction of red blood cells
    BILIREUBEN
  36. Which organ (besides the liver) hemolyzes red blood cells?
    SPLEEN
  37. What chemical has built up in the blood if the skin appears yellow?
    BILIREUBEN
  38. What do we call the condition where the skin appears yellow?
    JONDICE
  39. Which organ of the body removes bilirubin from the blood?
    LIVER
  40. _____ is produced by the break down of bilirubin.
    BILE
  41. Bile is stored in the _____ until we eat a fatty meal.
    CHOLECYST
  42. Bile helps emulsify _____ in our diet.
    LIPIDS
  43. A pancreatic enzyme that splits proteins into amino acids
    PROTEASE
  44. Inflammation of the stomach and intestine
    GASTROENTERITIS
  45. A microscopic functional unit of the kidney
    NEPHRON
  46. An enzyme produced by the kidney
    RENIN
  47. The process by which substances leave the glomerulus and enter the glomerular capsule
    FILTRATION
  48. The hormone that increases the permeability of the DCT and collecting duct to water (increasing water reabsorption)
    ANTIDIHURETIC HORMONE ADH

  49. An indication of the amount of dissolved substances in the urine

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY
  50. The presence of an abundant blood protein in the urine
    ALBUMINURIA
  51. The general condition caused by accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood
    UREMIA
  52. Select the correct order of urine flow from its source to the outside of the body
    • RENAL PEKVIS
    • URETER
    • BLADDER
    • URETHRA
  53. The enzyme renin raises blood pressure by activating:
    ANGIOTENSIN
  54. The scientific name for the throat

    PHARYNX

  55. The glottis is covered by the _____ during swallowing

    EPIGLOTTIS

  56. The left primary bronchus is formed by the division of the _____.
    TRACHEA
  57. The layer of the digestive tract wall that produces mucus is the
    MUCOSA
  58. The breakdown of food into small particles that can pass through intestinal cells
    DIGESTION
  59. The blood vessels that drain the kidney
    RENAL VEIN
  60. Process by which substances leave convoluted tubule and return to the blood
    REABSORBTION
  61. The presence of this material in the urine results in pyuria
    PUS
  62. The scientific name for the voice box
    LARYNX
  63. The leaf-shaped structure that helps to prevent the entrance of food into the trachea
    EPIGLOTTIS
  64. The only respiratory structures containing specialized capillary beds for external respiration
    ALVEOLI
  65. The process by which oxygen moves from the blood into tissue
    INTERNAL RESPERATION
  66. A lower than normal concentration of oxygen in the tissues
    HYPOXIA
  67. Heavy smoking is often related to the destruction of the _____ of the lungs causing emphysema.
    ALVEOLI
  68. Carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the blood (into the air) during
    EXTERNAL RESPERATION
  69. The transfer of nutrients into the bloodstream
    ABSORPTION
  70. The breakdown (chemical and mechanical) of food into small particles that can pass through intestine
    DIGESTION
  71. What kind of muscle is found in the muscularis layer of the digestive tract?
    SMOOTH
  72. The section of the small intestine that receives gastric juices and food from the stomach
    DOUDENUM
  73. A blind-ended lymphatic vessel that absorbs fat
    LACTEAL
  74. The chemical that speeds the splitting of food molecules
    ENZYME
  75. The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside
    URETHRA
  76. The word part _____ means kidney
    NEPHRO
  77. A tube connecting the kidney to the bladder
    URETER
  78. The blood vessels (ball of capillaries) connecting the afferent and efferent arteriole
    GLOMERULES
  79. The hormone produced in the kidney that stimulates erythrocyte synthesis by the red bone marrow
    ERYTHROPOETIN
  80. The presence of blood in the urine
    HEMATURIA
  81. Elimination of very large amounts of urine
    POLYURIA
  82. Inflammation of the urinary bladder
    CYSTITIS
  83. Urine does NOT usually contain
    • PUS
    • PROTIEN
    • BLOOD
    • GLUCOSE
  84. The trachea is held open by c-shaped rings of
    CARTILAGE
  85. Each lobe of the lung is supplied air by a ____ bronchus.
    SECONDARY BRONCHUS
  86. The structure found where the primary bronchi bifurcate from the trachea is the
    CARINA
  87. The layer of the digestive tract wall that is responsible for peristalsis
    MUSCULARIS
  88. The process of chewing
    MASTICATION
  89. The process of swallowing
    DEGLUTINATION
  90. The blood vessels that that feed the kidneys
    RENAL ARTERIES
  91. The presence of this material in the urine results in cylindruria.
    CASTS
  92. _____ (whose name means between white blood cells) are produced by Helper T-cells and stimulate B-Cells (Beta Cells).
    INTERLEUKENS
  93. After being stimulated by interleukins _____ turn into plasma cells
    B-CELLS
  94. Antigens are presented to Helper T-Cells by _____.
    MACROPHAGE
  95. Foreign proteins or pathogens are called _____ when they enter the body.
    ANTIGEN
  96. High levels of _____ stimulate Suppressor T-Cell which stops further antibody production.
    ANTIBODY
  97. This stoppage of further antibody production (see last question) is an example of _____ feedback.
    NEGATIVE
  98. The leukocytes that actually produce the antibodies against the pathogens are called _____.
    PLASMA
  99. What kind of leukocyte remains in the body after the infection is gone?
    B-CELL
  100. What kind of leukocyte ingests antigens?
    MACROPHAGE
  101. The gamete of the male
    SPERMATAZOA
  102. The gamete of the female
    OVA
  103. The gonad of the male
    TESTES
  104. The gonad of the female
    OVARIES
  105. Fringelike extensions that sweep the ovum into the tube
    FEMBRILE
  106. The name of the tube that carries the ovum to the uterus (not uterine tube)
    FALLOPIAN TUBE
  107. Where fertilization usually occurs
    FALLOPIAN TUBE
  108. Scientific term for the process that attaches the embryo to the uterus
    IMPLANTATION
  109. Scientific name for the egg
    OVUM
  110. The fertilized “egg” is called a
    ZYGOTE
  111. Does the umbilical cord belong to the mother, baby, or both?
    BABY
  112. What attaches the umbilical cord to the mother?
    PLACENTA
  113. The cheese-like material that protects the skin of the fetus
    VERNIX CASEOSA
  114. Term for a person who has a recessive gene but does not exhibit the trait
    CARRIER
  115. Is the ovum released directly into the mother’s abdominal cavity?
    YES
  116. Name one difference between the egg of a chicken and the ovum of a woman.
    YOKE
  117. The name of an unborn child that becomes a fetus.
    EMBRYO
  118. The real name for a miscarriage.
    SPONTANIOUS ABORTION
  119. Term for a gene that is always seen (manifested) in the offspring
    DOMINANT
  120. What do you call a gene that must be received from both parents before it is seen (manifested) in the offspring?
    RECESIVE
  121. Term describing any trait (defect) present at birth
    CONGENATIVE
  122. What are the two possible causes of defects present at birth?
    GENETIC
  123. Kind of cell division that forms somatic cells
    MIOTIC
  124. Kind of cell division that forms gametes
    TESTOTERONE
  125. Primary male hormone
    TESTOSTERONE
  126. Primary female hormone
    • ESTROGEN
    • PROGESTIN
  127. Do females have testosterone?
    YES
  128. Do males have estrogen?
    YES
  129. Name the two kinds of erectile tissues.
    • CORPUS SPONGOSIUM
    • CORPORA CAVERNOSUM
  130. Name of the fluid filled cavity present during the 1st ½ of the menstrual month
    GRAAFIAN FOLLICALE
  131. The solid gland present during the second ½ of the menstrual month
    CORPUS LUTEUM
  132. Term for decreased number of spermatozoa
    OLIGAMINORIA
  133. Term for menstrual flow
    MENORRHEA
  134. Term for excessive flow
    MENORRHAGIA
  135. Term for difficult menses
    DYSMENORRHEA
  136. Term for slight flow
    OLIGOMENORRHEA
  137. Name for the duration of pregnancy, about 40 weeks
    GESTATION
  138. What 5 structures are only present prior to birth?
    • PLACENTA
    • AMNIOTIC SAC
    • UMBILICAL CORD
    • YOLK SAC
  139. What organs of the fetus are not functional prior to birth?
    LUNGS
  140. The “female” chromosome
    X
  141. The male chromosome
    Y
  142. Name for any change in the genetic code
    MUTATION
  143. Is this change in the genetic code usually a good or bad thing?
    BAD
  144. Are most deleterious (bad) genes dominant or recessive?
    RECESIVE
  145. Which parent’s gametes determine the gender of the child?
    FATHER
  146. Protein synthesis occurs in the _____ of the cell.
    RIBOSOME
  147. The building blocks of proteins are_____.
    AMINO ACIDS
  148. _____ are chemicals that speed up a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.
    CATALYST
  149. _____ are catalysts made out of proteins.
    ENZYMES
  150. Enzymes are synthesized in the _____ of the cell.
    RIBOSOME

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Author:
 abnrml101
ID:
 1102
Filename:
 intro to a&p test 5
Updated:
 2009-11-19 18:28:11
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a&p test 5
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test 5
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