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medial nucleus
a group of subnuclei of the amygdala that receives sensory input, including information abotu the presence of odors and pheromones, and relays it to the medial basal forebrain and hypthalamus
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lateral nucleus (LA)
a nucleus of the amygdala that receives sensory information from the neocortex, thalamus and hippocampus an dsend projections to the basal, accesory basal, and central nucleus of the amygdala
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central nucleus (CE)
the region of the amygdala that receives information from the basal, lateral, and accesory basal nuclei and sends projections to a wide variety of regions in the brain; involved in emotional responses
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conditioned emotional response
a classically conditioned response that occurs when a neutral stimulus is followed by an aversive stimulus; usually includes autonomoic, behavioral, and endocrine components such as changes in heart rate, freezing, and secretion of stress-related hormones
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threat behavior
a stereotypical species-typical behavior that warns another animal that it may be attacked if it does not flee or show a submissive behavior
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defensive behavior
a species-typical behavior by which an animal defends itself against the threat of another animal
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submissive behavior
a stereotyped behavior shown by an animal in response to threat behavior by another animal; serves to prevent an attack
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predation
attack of one animal directed at an individual of another species on which the attacking animal normally preys
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orbitofrontal cortex
the region of the prefrontal cortex at the base of the anterior frontal lobes, just above the orbits of the eyes
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ventromedial prefrontal cortex
the region of the prefrontal cortex at the base of the anterior frontal loves, adjacent to the midline
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volitional facial paresis
difficulty in moving the facial muscles voluntarily; caused by damage to the face region of the primary motor cortex or its subcortical connections
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emotional facial paresis
lack of movement of facial muscles in response to emotions in people who have no difficulty moving these
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James-Lange theory
emotion-producing situations elicit an appropirate set of physiological responses and the situation also elicits behaviors such as clenching of the fists or fighting, the sensory feedback from the muscles and organs produces these responses, and it is this feedback taht constitutes our feeling of emotion
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