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kcooper
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Motor Task
specific movement (throwing a ball)
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Motor Performance
an observable physical behavior (hitting a target with a ball)
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Motor Skill
The degree of proficiency in performing a motor task
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Motor ability
set of traits used when performing a skill (eye-hand coordination)
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Body Composition
the proportionate amount of total body both lean tissue and fat tissue
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____% of fate stored in the body lies just under the skin
50%
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% of body fat can be determined by . . .
skin calipers, underwater weighing, electronic body fat testers or BMI
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What percent of body fat is obese for males?
25%
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What percent of body fat is obese for females?
30%
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___% of elementary school age children have excessive body fat.
30%
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Why is severe dieting bad for children?
A caloric intake of 1000 cal. or less can slow down growth process
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___% of obese population suffers from metabolic problems.
5%
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What percent of obese children will become obese adults?
80%
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What should teachers do for obese children?
Involve the entire family in getting healthy, and design special activity plans for these kids.
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Physique
refers to body build
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3 Types of Physique
- Ectomorph - slender and lean
- Mesomorph - muscular shape
- Endomorph - heavier and more round
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Skeletal growth for boys and girls ages 5-11 . . .
show a steady increase in bone growth.
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Hyperplasia
the number of muscle cells is set by the time a child enters school.
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Hypertrophy
Muscle growth is by increase of size in muscle cell.
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Between the ages of ___ & ____ there is a rapid growth of muscle.
5 & 6
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Before puberty _________ are slightly stonger than ______ due to more physical activity.
boys, girls
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Exercise should be at ________ of maximum heart rate.
60 to 80%
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At age 12, girls heart rate drops to _____
72
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Locomotor Skills
running, jumping, skipping, hopping
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Nonlocomotor Skills
twisting, stretching, bending, turning
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Manipulative Skills
catching, trapping, throwing, kicking, dribbling
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5th & 6th grade –show ___________ of movement skills and add ___________ to their game playing
refinement, strategy
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What ages enjoy playing by themselves or with one or two other children, and require generous praise for their achievements?
(5-7 years)
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At what age do interests shift toward more group activities and group success
-Have a keen interest in more complex
games and dance activities
It’s important to provide many
opportunities for each child to be successful
If a child fails at all challenges, he or she will
lose interest in physical activity
They enjoy adult supervised activities
(8- 9 years) –
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At what age are girls are increasingly concerned with their femininity and tend toward less vigorous activities?
10- 12 years
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List Laban's Important Movement Concepts
- Body Awareness
- Space Awareness
- Qualities
- Relationships
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Teacher planned and directed teaching procedures are ________?
Direct
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Learner assumes responsibility for learning is _______ teaching.
Indirect
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Success depends on the introduction of skills in a _________ and __________ way.
systematic, progressive
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Measuring heart rate
- Resting – taken while the person is in a quiet resting state (will be closer to 90 at ages 5& 6 and closer to 70 atages 11 &12)
- Using the command, Ready –Count, check the pulse for 10 seconds using either the radial pulse at the wrist or the carotid pulse in the neck
- Multiply the number by 6
- Arrange in pairs and have them take each other’s heart rate
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Find the carotid pulse in the . . .
neck
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Find the radial pulse in the . . .
wrist
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Maximum heart rate can reach ____ beats a
minute
220
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For children to build up their heart muscle,
they should exercise between _________ of the maximum for ______ minutes a day - ____________ beats a minute
- 70 & 85%
- 10 to 15 minutes
- 160 to 190
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The ________ a person recovers their resting heart rate, the __________ condition the heart and lungs are
faster, better
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Physical Education
“possessing adequate strength and endurance to carry out daily activities without undue fatigue with enough energy for emergencies and leisure activities”
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Factors Affecting Low Levels of Fitness
- 1. 30% of adults live sedentary lives
- 2. the emphasis on labor saving devices
- 3. the trend toward sedentary computer and television viewing
- 4. The movement of leisure activity being tied to computer and play station games for children
- 5. The influence of the computer in school education
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Components of Physical Fitness
A health related test should measure:
- Muscular strength
- Muscular endurance
- Cardiovascular Endurance
- Flexibility
- Body Composition
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Norm referenced assessment
compares a child’s performance with that of the overall population
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Criterion referenced assessment
fitness tests set levels of mastery to a norm and offer awards for excellence
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Health referenced assessment
fitness test identify minimum health standards that all children can strive to achieve. Motivation is self improvement rather than trying to outperform other children
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AAHPERD entered into a partnership with the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research and developed the . . .
Fitnessgram
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The Fitnessgram measures:
- –Aerobic capacity
- –Muscle strength
- –Muscle endurance
- –Flexibility
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Items on the Fitnessgram
- 1. 1 mile walk/run or 20 meter shuttle called the Pacer
- 2. Back Saver Sit & Reach Flexibility
- 3. Push Ups or Flexed Arm Hang
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Fitnessgram Computer Software . . .
- The report makes several recommendations to
- improve or maintain performance
- It is good public relations with parents because you can show you are trying to help their child be healthier
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