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Gestalt?
Organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
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Figure-ground?
Organization of the visual field into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surroundings (the ground)
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Grouping?
Perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
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Depth perception?
Ability to see objects in 3D although the images that strike the retina are 2D; allows us to judge distance
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Visual Cliff?
Laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
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Binocular cues?
Depth cues, such as retinal disparity, that depend on the use of 2 eyes
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Retinal disparity?
Binocular cue for perceiving depth; comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes, brain computes distance the greater the disparity (difference) between the 2 images, closer the object
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Monocular cues
Depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone
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Phi phenomenon
Illusion of movement created when 2 or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession
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Perceptual constancy
Perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent shapes, size, lightness, and color) even as illumination and retinal images change
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