BioPsychCh10

Tendency to maintain a variable, such as temperature, within a fixed range

Reduces discrepencies from set point

Rate of energy use while the body is at rest, used largely for maintaining a constant body temperature

Maintaining the body at the same temperature as the environment

Maintaining nearly constant body temperature, within a fixed range

Brain area important for temperature control

Chemicals released by immune system that attacks infections and communicates with the brain in anti-illness behaviors

Pituitary hormone that raises blood pressure and enables the kidneys to reabsorb water and therefore to secrete highly concentrated urine

Pituitary hormone that raises blood pressure and lets kidneys to reabsorb water and therefore secrete urine

Tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of high concentration.

Thirst that results from an increase in the concentration of solutes in the body

• Very sensitive to the osmotic pressure of the blood
• Brain structure on 3rd ventricle

Brain structure adjoining the 3rd ventricle where cell monitor blood volume and relay information to the preoptic area

1/2 areas of the hypothalamus that control secretion of vasopressin

Area of hypothalamus in which activity tends to limit meal size and damage leads to excessively large meals

Hormone that constricts blood vessels, contributes to hypovolemic thirst

Thirst provoked by low blood volume

Enhanced preference for salty tastes during a period of sodium deficiency

Adrenal hormone that causes the kidneys to conserve sodium when excreting urine

Enzyme necessary for lactose metabolism

Sugar in milk

Animals that eat plants

Animals that eat meat and plants

Learned avoidance of a food when consumption is followed by illness

Control procedure for an experiment in which an investigator inserts an electrode into the brain but does not pass a current

10th cranial nerve that branches to the stomach and several other ograns, conveys info about stretching stomach walls

Nerves carrying impulses from thoracic and lumbar parts of the spinal cord to the digestive organs to the spinal cord - conveys info about nutient content of food in the digestive system.

Part of small intestine adjoining the stomach, first part of digestive system that digests food

Hormone released by the duodenum in response to food distension

Pancreatic hormone that facilitates the entry of glucose into the cells

Pancreatic hormone that stimulates the liver to convery stored glycogen to glucose

Peptide released by fat cells; tends to decrease eating, party inhibits release of neuropeptide Y in the hypothalamus

Hypothalamic area with one set of neurons sensitive to hunger signals and another sensitive to satiety signals

Chemical released by stomach during food deprivation; also released in brain as a neurotransmitters which stimulates eating

Type of chemical that promotes satiety in the hypothalamus

Inhibits activity of the paraventricular nucleus and thereby increaes meal size

Inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the areas of the hypothalamus that regulate eating

Area of hypothalamus that is important for the control of eating and drinking

Region of the hypothalamus in which damage leads to faster stomach emptying and increased secretion of insulin