Anatomy Lab

  1. Spinal Cord
    • Extends through vertebral canal from foramen magnum to L1
    • Each pair of spinal nerves receives sensory information and issues motor signals to muscles and glands
    • A component of the Central Nervous System while the spinal nerves are part of the Peripheral Nervous System
  2. Anatomy of Spinal Cord
    • Cylinder of nerve tissue within the vertebral canal (thick as a finger)
    • –Vertebral column grows faster so in an adult the spinal cord only extends to L1
    • 31 pairs of spinal nerves arise from cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions of the cord
    • –Each cord segment gives rise to a pair of spinal nerves
  3. Gray Matter
    Neuron cell bodies with little myelin
  4. White Matter
    Myelinated axons
  5. Cervical in the Neck
    • C1 to C5
    • Supplies neck and phrenic nerve to the diaphragm
  6. Brachial in the Armpit
    • C5 to T1
    • Supplies upper limb and some of shoulder & neck
  7. Lumbar in the Low Back
    • L1 to L4
    • Supplies abdominal wall, anterior thigh & genitalia
  8. Sacral in the Low Pelvis
    • L4, L5 & S1 to S4
    • Supplies remainder of butt & lower limb
  9. Coccygeal
    • S4, S5 and C0
    • Not really important
  10. Olfactory
    Sense of smell
  11. Optic
    Sight
  12. Oculomotor,Trochlear, Abducens
    Eye movement
  13. Trigemenal
    Face: sensory, movement
  14. Facial
    Face: expression and sensory
  15. Auditory
    Hearing and balance
  16. Glossopharyngeal
    Tongue and throat: motor and sensory
  17. Vagus
    Parasympathetic
  18. Accesory
    Head, neck and shoulder: movement and swallowing
  19. Hypoglassal
    Speech, swallowing, and chewing
  20. Sensory (Afferent) Neurons
    • Conduct signals from receptors to the CNS
    • Perephyreal Nervous System
  21. Interneurons (Association Neurons)
    Confined to the CNS
  22. Motor (Efferent) Neurons
    • Conduct signals from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands
    • Periphyreal Nervous System
  23. Somatic Reflexes
    • Quick, involuntary, stereotyped reactions of glands or muscle to sensory stimulation
    • Automatic responses to sensory input that occur without our intent or often even our awareness
  24. Somatic Reflex Arc
    • Stimulation of somatic receptors
    • Afferent fibers carry signal to dorsal horn of spinal cord
    • Interneurons integrate the information
    • Efferent fibers carry impulses to skeletal muscles
    • Skeletal muscles respond
  25. Patellar Tendon Reflex Arc
    • 1. Extensor muscle stretched
    • 2. Muscle spindle stimulated
    • 3. Primary afferent neuron excited
    • 4. Primary afferent neuron stimulates alpha motor neuron to extensor muscle
    • 5. Primary afferent neuron stimulates inhibitory interneuron
    • 6. Interneuron inhibits alpha motor neuron to flexor muscle
    • 7. Alpha motor neuron stimulates extensor muscle to contract
    • 8. Flexor muscles (antagonist) relaxes
  26. Sympathetic Ganglion
    Carries information for some voluntary feelings or movements such as stress and anger, as well as fight and flight
Author
JerrahAnn
ID
113852
Card Set
Anatomy Lab
Description
Lab
Updated