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Organic Molecules
carbon-based molecules
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Inorganic Molecules
non-carbon-based molecules
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Hydrocarbons
organic molecules composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
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Functional Group
group of atoms w/in a molecule that interacts in predictable ways w/ other molecules
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Hydrophilic
attract water molecules
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Monomers
small molecular unit: building block of a larger molecule
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Polymers
long chains of monomers
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Molecule categories
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- proteins
- nucleic acids
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Lipids
- water-avoiding compounds (hydrophobic)
- act as boundary that surrounds/contains the aqueous contents of cells
- Certain types: Fats, Steroids
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Fat
- organic compound made up of a 3-carbon backbone (glycerol) attached to 3 fatty acids
- store energy for later use
- cushion organs
- provide insulation
- Certain types: Saturated, unsaturated
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Oils
fats that are liquids at room temperature
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Saturated fat
- fat where all 3 fatty acid chains contain the max. # of hydrogen atoms
- solid at room temp.
- (carbon atoms single bonded)
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Unsaturated fats
- contain less than max. # of hydrogen atoms in 1 or more of its fatty acid chains
- (carbon atoms double-bonded)
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Steroids
- lipid molecules w/ 4 fused carbon rings
- Some circulate body as chemical signals (estrogen, testosterone)
- Certain type: Chloresterol- in plasma membrane of animal cells; starting point from which your body produces other steroids
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