Bio Ch. 5

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Organic Molecules

carbon-based molecules
Inorganic Molecules

non-carbon-based molecules
Hydrocarbons

organic molecules composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Functional Group

group of atoms w/in a molecule that interacts in predictable ways w/ other molecules
Hydrophilic

attract water molecules
Monomers

small molecular unit: building block of a larger molecule
Polymers

long chains of monomers
Molecule categories
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- proteins
- nucleic acids
Lipids
- water-avoiding compounds (hydrophobic)
- act as boundary that surrounds/contains the aqueous contents of cells
- Certain types: Fats, Steroids
Fat
- organic compound made up of a 3-carbon backbone (glycerol) attached to 3 fatty acids
- store energy for later use
- cushion organs
- provide insulation
- Certain types: Saturated, unsaturated
Oils

fats that are liquids at room temperature
Saturated fat
- fat where all 3 fatty acid chains contain the max. # of hydrogen atoms
- solid at room temp.
- (carbon atoms single bonded)
Unsaturated fats
- contain less than max. # of hydrogen atoms in 1 or more of its fatty acid chains
- (carbon atoms double-bonded)
Steroids
- lipid molecules w/ 4 fused carbon rings
- Some circulate body as chemical signals (estrogen, testosterone)
- Certain type: Chloresterol- in plasma membrane of animal cells; starting point from which your body produces other steroids

Author

116514

Card Set

Bio Ch. 5

Description

Carbon is the main ingredient of organic molecules, Carbohydrates provide fuel/building material, Lipids include fats and steroids

Updated

2011-11-14T02:50:09Z

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