Is it possible to target the metabolic processes of viruses?
No, they use host cell metabolism
Why are virus infections difficult to treat?
Often delayed until the infection is well established
What are some anti-virals that are nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors? 3
Zidovudine
Stavudine (stampidine)
Lamivudine
What viruses are treated with nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors in veterinary practice? 3
FeLV
FIV
Bovine Leukemia Virus
Which antivirals compete with host cell triphosphates for proviral DNA synthesis and can only be given IV?
Zidovudine
Stavudine (stampidine)
Lamivudine
What anti-virals are considered viral DNA polymerase inhibitors? 5
Acyclovir
Idoxuridine
Ribavirin
Trifluridine
Foscarnet
Which viral DNA polymerase inhibitor is toxic to cats?
Valacyclovir
Which viral DNA polymerase inhibitors are converted to monoposphate by viral thymidine kinase and are 30 times more potent against herpesvirus than host virus enzyme?
Acyclovir analogues and prodrugs
Which viral DNA polymerase inhibitors are used against EHV-1 and sometimes EHV-4, FHV, and CHV?
Acylovir analogues and prodrugs
In which animals is acyclovir oral bioavailability good? Poor?
Good - dogs
Poor - horses
In which drug is used in neonatal herpesvirus infection?
Acyclovir
Which acyclovir analogue is topically administered to cats?
Penciclovir
Which acyclovir analogue has questionable efficacy in cats?
Famciclovir
Which viral DNA polymerase inhibitor is effective against Influenze A and B and herpes viruses?
Ribavirin
In which animals is Ribavirin toxic?
Cats
What antivirals are considered inhibitors of coat disassembly and neuramidase inhibitors? 4
Amantadine
Rimantadine
Oseltamivir
Zanamivir
What is the mechanism of action of anti-virals that are inhibitors of coat disassembly?
M2 ion channel inhibitors
Which M2 ion channel inhibitor is considered very toxic and is also used to treat pain?
Amitidine
Which M2 ion channel inhibitor is considered safe and used to treat equine influenza?
Rimantidine
Which neuramidase/sialidase inhibitors are used to treat swine flu in humans? 2
Zanamivir
Oseltamivir
What components of vaccines cause vaccine reactions?
Adjuvants
What antiviral drug falls under the class of biopharmaceuticals and immunomodulators?
Interferon
What drugs are produced by the body (cytokines) and used to treat viral disease in animals?
Interferon
Which drug has cell-cell interactions that convert the antiviral effects without the need for more drugs?