PHR_Flashcards_Comprehensive_Set.txt

Money an organization owes its vendors and suppliers

Money an organization's customers owe the organization.

Detailed steps a unit, department, or team will take in order to achieve short-term objectives.

Modification of the Constitution or a law:: modification may be either formal (written) or informal (unwritten)

Financial, physical, and sometimes intangible properties an organization owns.

Statement of a firm's financial position at a particular time.

Measurement approach that provides an overall picture of an organization's performance as measured against goals in finance, customers, internal business processes, and learning and growth.

Proposal presented to a legislative body for possible enactment as a law.

Analysis that shows point in time at which total revenue associated with a program is equal to the total cost of the program.

To an operations department, the ability to yield output.

Degree to which decision-making authority is restricted to higher levels of management in an organization.

Principles of conduct within an organization that guide decision making and behavior.

Principles of conduct within an organization that guide decision making and behavior.

To an operations department, an after-the-fact evaluation of a company's ability to meet its own specifications and its customers' needs.

Measure that indicates the relationship between two variables.

Ratio that allows management to determine the financial impact particular activities and programs will have on a company's profitability.

Degree to which decision-making authority is given to lower levels in an organization's hierarchy.

Involves applying specific premises to a given situation to develop certain predictions about or understanding of te situation.

Sale by a company of an asset that is not performing well, that is not core to the company's business, or that is worth more as a separate entity.

Organizational structure in which segments are separated by product, customer or market, or region.

Process of conducting an intensive investigation of a corporation as one of the first steps in a pending merger or acquisition.

Act that makes it unlawful to intercept messages in transmission, access stored information on electronic communication services, or disclose this information.

Process that involves a systematic survey and interpretation of relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats.

Amount of owners' or shareholders' portion of a business.

System of moral principles and values that establish appropriate conduct.

Research in which the researcher controls and manipulates elements of the research environment to measure the impact of each variable.

Alliance between organizations to create processes and information channels that allow communication and collaboration.

Prohibits American companies from making corrupt payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business.

Form of budgeting in which an average cost is applied to comparable expenses and general funding is changed by a specific amount.

Organizational structure that defines departments by what services they contribute to the organization's overall mission.

Project planning tool that graphically displays activities of a project in sequential order and plots them against time.

Group of people born roughly between the years of 1965 and 1980.

Group of people born after 1980

Estimate of the total value of goods and services produced in a country in a given year.

Measures the difference between what it cost to produce a product and the selling price.

Process to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of HR programs

Combined knowledge, skills and experience of a company's employees.

Systematic tool for gathering, storing, maintaining, retrieving, and revising HR data.

Design of formal systems in an organization that ensure the effective and efficient use of human talent to accomplish organizational goals.

Specific, testable prediction that is derived from a theory and describes a relationship between two variables.

Statement explaining revenues, expenses, and profits over a specified period of time, usually a year or a quarter.

Form of budgeting in which the prior budget is the basis for allocation of funds.

Involves looking at a set of observations and designing a rule that characterizes or explains a pattern underlying the observations.

To an operations department, an organization's major asset after physical buildings and equipment.

Organization's debts and other financial obligations.

Work groups that conduct the major business of an organization.

Specific results, to be accomplished in three to five years, that an organization seeks to achieve in pursuing its mission.

Process of planning, pricing, promoting, and distributing goods and services to satisfy organiztional objectives.

Organizational structure that combines departmentalization by division and function to gain the benefits of both.

Average score or value in a set of data

Middle point above and below which 50% of scores in a set of data lie.

Combination of two separate firms either by their joining together as relative equals (merger) or by one acquiring the other (acquisition).

Serve a purpose similar to short-term objectives but are completed in one to three years.

Specifies what the comay does, who its customers are, and the priorities it has set in pursuing its work.

Value that occurs most frequently in a set of data.

Expected distribution given a random sampling across a large population.

Relocation of processes or functions from a "home" country to another country.

Buying services externally rather than producing them internally.

Specific point in a distribution of data that has a given percentage of cases below it.

Group of persons or objects or a complete set of observations or measurements about which one wishes to draw conclusions.

Involves data that is gathered firsthand for a specific evaluation.

What an organizations sells to make a profit.

Project management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate tasks within a project.

Series of tasks and activities that has a stated goal and objectives, a schedule with defined start and end dates, and a budget that sets limits on the use of monetary and human resources.

Techniques for communicating information about products to consumers.

Time allowed for the public to express its views and concerns regarding an action of a regulatory agency.

Based on research that uses open-ended interviewing to explore and understand attitudes, opinions, feelings, and behavior.

Seeks to obtain easily quantifiable data on a limited number of measurement points.

Number of members of an organization that have to be present before official business may be conducted.

Distance between highest and lowest scores in a set of data.

Statistical method used to predict a variable from one or more predictor variables.

Rule or order issued by a government agency:: often has the force of law.

Ability of an instrument to measure consistently.

Written request asking contractors to propose solutions and prices that fit customer's requirements.

Legislative measure limited in effect to either the Congress or one of its chambers.

Calculation that measures the economic return on a project or investment.

Business function responsible for selling an organization's product to the marketplace.

Portion of a population used to draw conclusions regarding an entire population.

Portion of silent and baby boom generations that is simultaneously caring for their own children and one or more elderly family members.

Diagram that shows the relationship between data items using x and y axises

To an operations department, the act of detailed planning:: based upon incoming orders, order history, and forecasts of future demand.

Research method in which certain factors (variables) are manipulated and the results are examined.

Uses data already gathered by others and reported in various sources.

Milestones that must be achieved, usually within six months to one year, in order to reach long-term objectives.

Interaction among employees toward meeting objectives.

Refers to the number of individuals who report to a supervisor.

Work groups that assist line units by providing specialized services, such as HR.

Measure that indicates how much scores in a set of data are spread out around a mean or average.

For an operations department, provide the yardstick by which the amount and quality of output are measured.

Process and activities used to formulate HR objectives, practices, and policies.

Process that helps an organization focus on how to succeed in the future by evaluating the organization's current status, where it would like to be, and how to get there.

Provide the direction that enables an organization to achieve its long term objectives.

Global network that delivers products and services from raw materials to end customers through an engineered flow of information, physical distribution, and cash.

Process for evaluating an organization's current strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

Ability of an instrument to measure what it is intended to measure.

Describe what is important to an organization, dictate employee behavior, and create the organization's culture.

Action of canceling of postponing a decision or bill.

Vivid, guiding image of an organization's desired future.

Form of budgeting that requires that expenditures be justified for each new period.

Undesired event that results in physical harm to a person or damage to property.

Bloodborne pathogen transmitted through intimate contact.

Act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability.

Microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans.

OSHA standard that requires employers to protect employees from potentially infectious materials.

Situation in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that can be attributed directly to airborne building contaminants.

Management process that identifies potential threats and impacts to an organization and provides framework for ensuring that it is able to withstand disruption, interruption, or loss of normal business functions/operation.

Vision problems such as headaches and blurred vision that are associated with video display terminals.

OSHA standard that requires space-entry restrictions, rescue procedures, and a written safe-entry program to address concerns over adequate oxygen content in the air, toxic substance exposure, and physical exposures for workers in confined spaces.

Intervention strategy that focuses on job performance.

OSHA standard that requires employers to protect employees from potentially infectious materials.

Form of intervention in which the emphasis is on the cause of a problem rather than on job performance.

Violation of an OSHA standard that does not have a direct impact on employees' safety and health on the job.

Protects directors, officers, and corporations from claims such as shareholder class actions and SEC violations for fraud and mismanagement.

Guidelines and procedures to be used by an organization for the recovery of business operations when lost due to disasters such as earthquakes, fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes, terrorism, or epidemics.

Requires federal contractors with contracts of $100,000 or more as well as recipients of grants from federal government to certify they are maintaining a drug-free workplace.

When an employer offers an employee a less strenuous job until he or she is fit to return to their regular job:: also known as modified-duty program.

OSHA standard that provides guidelines for preparing an emergency action plan and includes specifications regarding exits and maintenance of emergency systems.

Company-sponsored programs that deliver a variety of health-related services, which are provided by licensed professionals or organizations and offer employees a high degree of confidentiality.

Insurance that provides employers with protection against claims of discrimination, wrongful termination, sexual harassment, or other employment-related issues.

Software systems that help identify and manage operational risk across an organization.

Branch of medicine that investigates the causes and control of diseases in a population.

Design of the work environment to address the physical demands experienced by employees.

Form of professional liability coverage that protects against employment claims.

Act that regulates employee overtime status, overtime pay, child labor, minimum wage, record keeping, and other administrative concerns.

Act that prohibits discrimination against individuals on the basis of their genetic information in both employment and health care.

Incident without adequate controls applied.

OSHA standard that requires labeling, Material Safety Data Sheets, training, orientation for new and transferred employees, and hazard communication programs to inform employees of hazardous chemicals in the workplace.

State of well-being, free of illness or disease.

Act designed to secure the United States against terrorist attacks and other threats and hazards and ensure safe and secure borders.

Virus that may lead to the development of the acquired immune deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Any deviation from an acceptable standard

Depletion of physical/mental resources caused by excessive striving to reach an unrealistic work-related goal.

Refers to installing a lock, disconnect switch, or shutoff valve so equipment cannot be activated by mistake.

OSHA standard that provides general requirements for all machinery to protect operator and other employees.

Must be provided by manufactures for every hazardous substance:: employers must evaluate chemicals and inform employees of hazardous properties.

Established mandatory safety and health standards for underground and surface mines.

When an employer offers an employee a less strenuous job until he or she is fit to return to their regular job:: also known as early-return-to-work program.

Form of tuberculosis that is resistant to current drug therapy.

Disease caused by repetitive motion that affects muscles, nerves, tendon, ligaments, joints, cartilage, blood vessels, and spinal disks:: also called cumulative trauma syndrome (CTS), cumulative trauma disorder (CTD), or repetitive stress injury.

Agency that provides health and safety information.

Revision to Bloodborne Pathogens standard that requires employers to minimize employees' exposure to blood through sharps injuries.

Medical condition or disorder, other than one resulting from an occupational injury, caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.

Injury that results from a work-related accident or exposure involving a single incident in the work environment.

OSHA standard that requires employers to provide controls to reduce unsafe noise levels in the workplace.

Act that established the first national policy for safety and health and continues to deliver standards that employers mus meet to guarantee the health and safety of their employees.

Agency that administers and enforces the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.

Group that rules on contested OSHA citations.

Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses:: used to classify work-related injuries and illnesses and to note the extent and severity of each case.

Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses:: shows the totals of work-related injuries and illnesses for the year in each category.

Injury and Illness Incident Report:: supplemental record that covers the details of each occupational injury and illness.

Violation of an OSHA standard that would probably not cause serious physical harm or death.

Emergence of a disease new to the population:: the agent infects humans, causing serious illness, and spreads easily and sustainably.

OSHA standard that protects employees from environmental, process, chemical, mechanical, or impairment and sets criteria for acceptable equipment designs.

OSHA standard aimed at preventing or minimizing the effect of catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive chemicals.

Insurance that protects directors, officers, employees, and organizations against claims of negligence in the performance of professional services.

Sensitive information owned by a company that gives the company certain competitive advantages.

Violation of an OSHA standard that is a repeat of a violation found under a previous inspection.

Use of Insurance and other strategies in an effort to prevent or minimize an organization's exposure to liability in the event a loss or injury occurs.

Tool used to make calculated judgments based on the probability that a circumstance will occur and the potential consequences.

Freedom from hazard, risk, or injury.

Composed of workers from different levels and departments who are involved in safety planning and programs.

Physical/procedural measures used to protect people, property, and information in the workplace.

Violation of an OSHA standard that is likely to cause death or serious injury on the job.

Situation in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a building but no specific illness or cause can be identified.

Safety and health policies and procedures that states have adopted and that have been approved by OSHA.

Mental and physical condition that results from a real or perceived threat and the inability to remove it or cope with it.

Signs or labels attached to equipment to warn others not to activate it.

Products that affect a fetus but not the pregnant mother.

Use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of the criminal laws of the United States for purposes of intimidation, or ransom.

Airborne contagious disease caused by a bacterial infection.

Incidents that result from unsafe behavior on the part of the employee, such as operating equipment at high speeds.

Mechanical or physical hazards that may lead to injury, such as defective equipment or improper lighting.

Act that gives federal officials greater authority to take measures to combat terrorism.

Voluntary group of employers that promotes and recognizes effective safety and health programs.

Security risk factors.

Preventive health programs offered by employers designed to improve the health and physical well-being of employees both on and off the job.

Violation of an OSHA standard that is considered intentional.

Type of contract negotiation based on four premises: 1) separate the people from the problem, 2) focus on interests, not positions, 3) invent options for mutual gain, and 4) insist on objective criteria

Clause that states that even if workers do not join the union, they must still pay the equivalent of dues to the union

Case in which Supreme Court ruled that a pre-hire employment application requiring that all employment disputes be settled by arbitration was enforceable under the Federal Arbitration Act

Work schedule that compresses a full week's work into fewer than five days

Clause that states that union membership is a condition of hiring:: is illegal (except in the construction industry).

System of increasingly severe penalties for employee discipline

Picketing done to obtain an employer's recognition of a union as bargaining representative

As related to international labor relations, legislation pending before European Union where employment conditions/practices would be standardized

Common-law principle stating that employers have the right to hire, fire, demote, and promote whomever they choose for any reason unless there is a law or contract to the contrary and that employees have the right to quit a job at any time

Detailed, step-by-step description of the customary method of handling an activity

NLRB certification indicating that a union has lost an election

Involves verbal promises made between employer and employee related to employment

Contract stipulation in which both parties waive the right to demand bargaining on any matter not dealt with in the contract, whether or not that matter was contemplated when the contract was negotiated or signed

Contract stipulation in which union agrees not to strike during the duration of the contract

Small group (normally six to twelve) invited to actively participate in a structured discussion with a facilitator

Process of sending employees abroad and supporting their ability to adapt to cultural changes and complete their international assignment

Agency that has authority to conduct union representation elections and investigate unfair labor practices

As related to international labor relations, a participatory management approach in which workers have the opportunity to identify problems and help resolve them

Imposes on each party in a contract an obligation for honesty in the conduct of the transaction

Group of employees responsible for a given end product

Procedure in which disputes are submitted to one or more impartial persons for final determination

Type of contract negotiation in which people lock themselves into positions and find it difficult to move away, parties lose sight of the underlying problems to be resolved, and emphasis is placed on winning the position

List the employer has to provide the union with the names and addresses of certain employees within seven days after the direction of or consent to an election

Union employees' right to have a union representative or coworker present during an investigatory interview

Contract between a union and an employer under which the employer agrees not to oppose a union's attempt to organize its workforce

NLRB certification indicating that a union has won an election and will be the exclusive representative of the bargaining unit

Broadening the scope of a job by expanding the number of different tasks to be performed

Act that extended the policies of the Railway Labor Act to all interstate commerce organizations

Form of negotiating where parties look for common ground and attempt to satisfy mutual interests through the bargaining process

Those collective bargaining items that are unlawful by statute:: also known as external subjects

Mutual bargaining obligation of an employer and a union when a majority interest in a unionized company is sold to another employer

Strike by employees of a bargaining unit who refuse to cross picket lines made up of employees who are not members of their bargaining unit

Where employees agree in writing to an automatic deduction of dues from their paychecks

Enables an employer to prevent an employee from taking employment with a competitor when the current employer's trade secrets might "inevitably" be disclosed

Act that guarantees workers' right to organize and restricts issuance of court injunctions against nonviolent union activity such as strikes, picketing, and boycotts

1993 NLRB ruling that held certain employee committees to be illegal because Dupont management circumvented the legally chosen employee representatives and usurped the union's right to represent its members

Clause that states that when workers take jobs in a specific bargaining unit, they must join the union and pay union dues within a certain period of time

Reflects management decisions regarding specific actions to be taken or avoided in a given situation

Working via computing and telecommunications equipment

When parties are in conflict over an issue and the outcome represents a gain for one party and a loss for the other:: each party tries to negotiate for the best possible outcome

Generally means that parties in a negotiation enter into discussion with fair and open minds and a sincere desire to arrive at an agreement

Type of representation election ordered by the NLRB regional director after a preelection hearing

Requires that unions act fairly on behalf of the employees they represent in negotiating and administering collective bargaining agreements

Provides an orderly way to resolve differences of opinion in regard to a union contract

Formal association of employees that promotes the interests of its membership through collective action

Takes place when unions negotiate provisions covering wages and other benefits similar to those already provided in other agreements existing within the industry or region:: also known as parallel bargaining

Administers the provisions of the various executive orders that fall under the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978

Intentional deception relied upon and resulting in injury to another person

Federal agency responsible for enforcing antidiscrimination laws and handling charges

Breaks the monotony of routine jobs by shifting people between comparable but different jobs

Provisions in a collective bargaining agreement designed to protect the institutional authority or survival of the union (e.g., making union membership or payment of dues compulsory for all or some of the employees in a bargaining unit)

Planned and orderly attempt to link the shared interests of the employee and the company for their mutual benefit

Situation in which unions try to require the employment of more workers than is necessary

Mutuality of interests among employees in bargaining for wages, hours, and working conditions

Cards signed by employees to indicate that they want union representation:: also called authorization petitions

Grants management full authority and discretion over the items that are or could be covered unless the contract limits management's rights in a particular area

Results when two part-time employees share one full-time job

As related to international labor relations, where employees have legally mandated rights to participate in management decisions

When an employer recognizes a union as being entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of workers in a particular bargaining unit

Takes place when there is more than one issue to be resolved:: focuses on creative solutions to conflicts that reconcile parties' interests and result in mutual benefit

Injuring someone's reputation by making a false and malicious statement:: may be spoken (slander) or written (libel).

Agreement that union members are not required to handle goods made by nonunion labor or a struck plant:: generally illegal

Dictates that custom and usage have the force of law, even if not specifically found in legislatively enacted, codified, written laws

Refusal by employees to work

Act that minimally restricted the use of injunctions against labor and legalized peaceful strikes, picketing, and boycotts

Removes authority of a bargaining representative in a non-right-to-work state to negotiate or enforce a union security clause

Giving more-senior workers whose jobs have been eliminated the right to transfer into jobs of less-senior workers

Agreement or contract negotiated through collective bargaining process

Product boycotts involving such activities as distributing handbills, carrying placards, and urging customers to refuse to purchase products from a particular retail or wholesale business

Method of nonbinding dispute resolution involving a third party who helps disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable decision:: also known as conciliation

Violation of right under labor-relations statutes

As related to international labor relations, a practice in which employees have a role in the management of a company that includes worker representatives with voting rights on the corporate board of directors

Practice in union-free organizations of encouraging managers to spend time with each employee two levels below them on an annual basis

Contracts that force employees to agree not to join a union or participate in any union activity as a condition of employment

Process by which management and union representatives negotiate the employment conditions for a particular bargaining unit for a designated period of time

When an employer bargains with several unions simultaneously but on a separate basis

Increases the depth of a job by adding responsibility for planning, organizing, controlling, and evaluation

Method of nonbinding dispute resolution involving a third party who tries to help disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable decision:: also known as mediation

Act that curbed concentrations of power that interfered with trade and reduced economic competition:: directed at large monopolistic employers but applied by courts to labor unions

Retention of employees who engage in misconduct both during and after working hours

Extent to which a job requires a "whole," identifiable unit of work

Refers to statutes that prohibit unions from making union membership a condition of employment

Type of picketing done to advise the public that an employer is nonunion

Group of people and resources who come together for the accomplishment of a specific organizational objective

Work schedule that requires employees to work an established number of hours per week but allows starting and ending times to vary

Federal agency responsible for enforcing antidiscrimination laws and handling charges

Act that extended collective bargaining rights to federal employees

Acronym used by many labor management attorneys and consultants that covers most of the unfair labor practice pitfalls a supervisor can run into: Don't Threaten, Interrogate, Promise, or Spy

Type of picketing done to induce employees to accept the union as their representative

Group of employees a union wants to represent

Type of representation election that involves an agreement between an employer and a union to waive the preelection hearing

Court order that directs a party, employer, or union to do or refrain from doing a certain act (or acts).

Principle under which regulations on unfair labor practices that apply to employers and unions also apply to acts of their agents

Exists when an agreement is implied from circumstances even though there is no express agreement between employer and employee

Set of two or more people who are equally accountable for the accomplishment of a purpose and specific performance goals

Collective bargaining items that may be bargained but are not obligatory:: also called voluntary or nonmandatory subjects

Work stoppages involving the primary employer-employee relationship that are neither sanctioned nor stimulated by the union and that violate a no-strike clause in the contract

Common-law precept that imposes on employees a duty to be loyal to the employer

Contract clause that states that an employee may or may not choose to join a union but once the employee joins, he/she must maintain membership for the duration of the contract

When a common owner operates both union and nonunion businesses

Action directed at a primary party through action against some third party

Process of using paid union organizers to infiltrate an organization and organize its workers

Act that protects the rights of union members from corrupt or discriminatory labor unions:: also known as Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA)

Deals with employment contracts that contain covenants not to compete after termination of employment relationship and with the use of secret, confidential, or proprietary information that the employee obtained while working for the former employer

Means for employees to terminate union representation:: removes union from its position as bargaining representative

Hiring of an employee who the employer knew or should have known, based on a reasonable pre-hire investigation of the employee's background, posed a risk to others in the workplace

NLRB certification indicating that a union has won an election and will be the exclusive representative of the bargaining unit

Act that protects the rights of employees to organize unhampered by management:: also known as National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

Extent to which a job has a substantial impact on other people

Umbrella term used to describe a number of problem-solving and grievance resolution approaches

Broad statement that reflects an organization's philosophy, objectives, or standards concerning a particular set of management or employee activities

As related to international labor relations, groups of workers and management representatives charged with examining how to improve company performance, working conditions, job security, etc.

Explains major HR and employee policies and procedures and generally describes the employee benefits provided

Offers employees the opportunity to gradually reduce the number of hours they work before they are fully retired

Group of people who come together for a specific project

Act that provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practices:: also known as Labor-Management Relations Act (LMRA).

Presentation of data to stimulate discussion of problem areas, generate potential solutions, and stimulate motivation for change

Offers assistance in contract settlement and maintains a list of arbitrators to help interpret contract language and resolve disputes

Group of people that works in a self-managing way:: typically assume complete autonomy

Situation in which lawful picketing of a primary employer also affects a secondary employer that occupies common premises:: employers may establish separate or reserved gates, one for the struck employer and the other for all other employers

Act that originally provided railroad employees the right to organize and bargain collectively:: now covers both railroad and airline employees

Contract stipulation in which the company agrees not to lock out workers during a labor dispute for the life of the contract

Temporary allocation of personnel and resources for the accomplishment of a specific objective

States that when a struck employer effectively uses the employees of an ally as strike breakers and when a union extends its primary picketing to this employer, no violation of the LMRA's secondary boycott prohibitions exists

When more than one employer negotiates with the union:: also known as multiple employer bargaining

Collective bargaining items required by law and the NLRB.

Act that protects the rights of union members from corrupt or discriminatory labor unions:: also known as Landrum-Griffin Act

Act that provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practices:: also known as Taft-Hartley Act

Act that protects the rights of employees to organize unhampered by management:: also known as Wagner Act

1992 court decision that employers must deal cautiously with employee participation committees based on the NLRB's interpretation of what constitutes a company-dominated labor organization.

Employee application and/or prior request system used to help employees change jobs.

Situation in which currently available positions are posted so interested and qualified employees may apply.

Act that creates a rolling or open time frame for filing wage discrimination claims and expands the plaintiff field beyond the employee who was discriminated against.

Employees hired for jobs in their own countries.

Occurs when management shuts down operations to prevent union employees from working.

Extent to which a job requires a variety of different activities for successful completion.

Basic compensation an employee recives usually as a wage or salary

Pay level divided by the midpoint of the pay range

Act that prohibits federal contractors from receiving kickbacks from employees or subcontractors for wages earned on federal projects

Plan in which the employer and sometimes the employee make an annual payment to the employee's retirement plan account

Act that established uniform minimum standards for employer sponsored retirement and health and welfare benefit programs

Employees who are excluded from FLSA overtime pay requirements

Full choice health care plan that allows covered employees to go to any qualified physician or hospital and submit claims to the insurance company:: also know as indemnity health care plan

Group incentives where a portion of the gains an organization realizes from group efforts is shared with the group

Form of insurance carried by employers for their employees that provides a lump sum payment to the employees beneficiaries

Tax sheltered savings account similar to an IRA but created primarily to pay for medical expenses

Tax deferred accounts to which wage earners can contribute an amount up to a yearly maximum

Evaluation method that establishes a hierarchy of jobs from lowest to highest based on overall importance to the organization

Correlate pay with time spent in a professional field such as teaching or research

Companies that conduct business and have offices in a number of different countires

Required for nonexempt workers under FLSA at 1.5 times the regular rate of pay for hours over 40 in a workweek

Set up by ERISA to insure payment of benefits in the event that a private sector defined benefit pension plan terminates with insufficient funds to pay the benefits

Combination of a PPO and an HMO:: provides direct access to specialists

Pay based on the quantity of work and outputs that can be accurately measured

Describe situations where employees pay is above the range maximum

Occurs when there is only a small difference in pay between employees regardless of their skills, experience or seniority also know as pay compression

Act that extended prevailing wage rate and benefit requirements to employers providing services under federal government contracts

Social Security Administration program that provides retirement, disability, death and survivors benefits

Act that made significant changes in employee benefit programs, especially retirement plans

Typically paid to nonexempt workers for the time they spend traveling to or between work assignments

Payroll deductins selected by the employee such as charitable contributions

Plans that allow employees of certain tax exempt organizations to contribute pretax dollars toward retirement savings

Form of defined benefit plan that defines the promised benefit in terms of a hypothetical account balance and features benefit portability

Health care options intended to help employers better control costs while allowing employees to make more decisions about their health care

Act that excluded federal contractors from overtime pay requirements after eight hours of work in a day:: in their case, time and a half must be paid only for hours in excess of 40 per week

Act that adjusts minimum vesting schedules, increases retirement plan compensation and contribution limits, permits catch-up contributions by participants age 50 or older in certain retirement plans, and modifies distribution and rollover rules

Nonqualified deferred compensation plans that provide benefits to selected management or highly compensated employees beyond Section 401 or 415 limitations

Point factor job evaluation system developed by the U.S. government

Shows the number of people or organizations associated with data organized in a frequency distribution

System by which qualified retirement plan participants become incrementally vested over a period of years of service

Purchases health care plans for large groups of employers to provide small businesses the economic advantages large companies have

Full choice health care plan that allows covered employees to go to any qualified physician or hospital and submit claims to the insurance company:: also know as fee for service health care plan

Set of 20 factors that the IRS uses to determine whether workers are employees or independent contractors

One time payment made to an employee also called performance bonus

Situation where an individuals performance is the basis for either the amount or timing of pay increases:: also called peformance based pay

Act that reduced compensatin limits in qualified retirement programs

Used to group jobs that have approximately the same relative internal worth and are paid at the same rate or within the same pay range

Pay system in which employee characteristics rather than the job, determine pay

Situation in which employee pays a portion of the required monthly premium for health care coverage

Under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconcilation Act, an event such as terminationfor reasons other than gross misconduct, that allows employees to continue their group health care coverage for a specific period of time

Plans that allow after tax contributions to existing 401 (k) or

Health care plan in which the employer assumes the role of the insurance company and assumes some or all of the risk

Tax deferred account to which the self employed and employees of very small businesses can contribute

Pay beyond base salary or wages such as bonuses and commissions

Nonqualified deferred compensation plan that provides retirement benefits to select group of management or highly compensated employees

Audit of health care use and charges to identify which benefits are used and to make certain that care is necessary and costs are in line

Physcical condition (accident or illness) that is caused, aggravated, precipitated, or accelerated by work activity or the work environment

Jobs used as reference points when setting up a job classification system and when designing or modifying a pay structure

Concept that states that jobs requiring comparable skills, effort, responsibility, and working conditins filled primarily by women should have the same job classification and salary as similar jobs filled by men

Pay adjustment given to employees regardless of their performance or company profitability:: usually linked to inflation:: also referred to as standard percentage raise

Pay that is based on when the employee works (eg overtime pay, shift pay differential) or where the employee works:: also called variable pay

Stock bonus plans by which employees gain ownership in the organization for which they work

Persons who live in one country and are employed by an organization based in another country:: also called international assignees

Private body that decides how financial executives should report their firms financial information to their shareholders

Individual usually a primary care physician who is given control of patient access to specialists and services in a managed care organization

Point factor job evaluation system also know as the Hay plan

Determined by an array of issues such as business ownership (employee owns more than 5% of the firm) and or salary (for 2006 $100,000)

Occurs when people feel that performance or job differences result in corresponding differences in pay rates

Maximum dollar amount of covered medical expenses that a health of any covered person during that person's lifetime

Social security administration program that provides medical care for the aged

In health plans, requires a secondary carrier to reimburse only up to the level of reimbursement they would have paid

Large bank of time comprising all of an employee's paid time off (ie vacation, sick leave, and holidays) that the employee can use as he or she sees fit

One time payment made to an employee:: also called a lump sum increase (LSI)

Act that defines what is included as hours worked and is therefore compensable and a factor in calculating overtime

Plans that distribute a portion of an organizations profits to its employees

Pay provided to employees who report for work as scheduled but then find that no work is available

Requires adminstrators of defined contributions plans to provide notice of covered blackout periods:: provides whistleblower protection for employees

Set of benefits provided to employees who are terminated for some reason other than cause

Pay adjustment given to employees regardless of their performance or company profitability:: usually linked to inflation:: also referred to as a cost of living adjustment (COLA)

All remuneration for services (including noncash benefits) that is taxable when paid

Imposed a mandatory 20% federal income tax withholding requirement on most qualified retirement plan proceeds that a recipient does not roll over into another qualified retirement plan or individual retirement account

Act that extended concept of prevailing wage to employers who manufacture or supply goods under government contracts and required time and a half

Pay that employees receive when they are called back for an extra shift in the same workday

Act that provides individuals and dependents who may lose medical coverage with opportunity to pay to continue coverage

Act that established prevailing wage and benefit requirements for contractors on federally funded construction projects

Monthly benefits paid under social security to workers (and eligible dependents) younger than the Social Security retirement age if they have a disability

Act that prohibits wage discrimination by requiring equal pay for equal work

When an organizatin's pay rates are at least equal to market rates

Type of section 125 plan that allows employees to use pretax dollars to pay for out of pocket health and dependent care expenses

System of overlapping short and long term incentives to make it less likely that key employees will leave a company

Pay earned by employees who work in an environment that is considered more risky from a safety or health point of view

In place of a parent:: term used in expansion of FMLA coverage to employees who stand in place of a parent with day to day responsibilities to care for and financially support a child or who have a day to day responsibility to care for or financially support a person who stood in loco parentis for them

Bilateral social security agreements that coordinate the US social security program with the comparable of other countries also know as totalization agreements

Insurance coverage that provides a daily monetary benefit to people who are chronically ill and who require living assistance either at home or in a residential facility

Health plan that coves specific expenses not covered by Medicare

Income deferral benefit offered to a select group of management or highly compensated employees in the organization

Clauses written into executive contracts that provide special payments to key executives who might lose their position or be otherwise disadvantaged if another company took control of the organization through a merger or acquistion:: also known as golden parachutes

organization wide incentive plans in which funds are made available for incentive awards based on predetermined criteria and standards

Formed by an insurance company, an employer, or a group of employers who negotiate discounted fees with networks of health care providers in return, the employers guarantee a certain volume of patients

Retirement benefit offered to all employees in the organization:: provides tax advantages and is protected under the Employee retirement income security act

Act that added sections 125 and 401(k) to the tax code

Written benefit plans maintained by the employer that allow employees to use pretax dollars to pay for certain qualified benefits

Replaces a portion of lost income for a specified peirod of tiem for employees who are ill or have nonwork related injuries

Identified time period and ending point that should be identified in incentive pay plans

Pay rates that are affected by when an employee works

Act that protects employment, reemployment, and retention rights for persons who voluntarily or involuntarily serve or have served in the uniformed services

Income tax credit to encourage employers to hire long term welfare recipients

Qualified tuition plans that provide families a federal tax free way to save money for college

Payment made to salespeople, usually calcualted as a percentage of sales

Specified percentage (typically 20% to 30%) of covered medical expenses that employee pays or fixed amount that a covered person pays each time he or she visits a physician

plan that promises employee a retirement benefit amount based on a formula

Amendment to the Portal to Portal act:: clarifies that commuting time is not paid working time

Plan in which participants must use providers in the network of coverage or no payment will be made

Act that provides employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for family members or because of a serious health condition of the employee

Health care plan in which the employer pays a third party insurance carrier premiums that cover medical charges, administrative costs, sales commissions, taxes and profits

Total earnings before taxes:: include regular wages plus additional earnings such as tips, bonuses and overtime pay

Employer funded plan that reimburses employees only for eligible and substantiated health care expenses

Form of compensation commonly referred to as benefits

Systematic determinatin of the relative worth of jobs within an organization

Method similar to job evaluation systems that evaluates jobs based upon their market value

Plans in which employers make mandatory paymenTS (a fixed percentage of an eligible employee's compensation) to a retirement plan

Stated amount out of pocket the insured can pay for medical costs in a 12 month period before copayments end

Collect information on prevailing market rates and include topics such as incentive plans, overtime pay, base pay, and vacation and holiday practices

Most commonly used method of job evaluation:: it involves using specific factors to evaluate job worth

Rulings issued by the IRS to specific taxpayers or organizations that request an interpretation of the law

Reimbursment standard used by insurance companies to determine how much providers should be paid for their services

Uniform amount of money paid to a worker regardless of how many hours are worked

As defined in the FMLA, a condition that requires inpatient hospital, hospice, or residential care or continuting physician care

Act that made changes to rules regarding the ability of tax exempt organizations to institute retirement plans modeled after 401(k) and IRA accounts and to the definition of highly compensated employees

Act that amends work opportunity tax credit to reduce employer federal tax liability

Bilateral social security agreements that coordinate the US social security program with the comparable programs of other countires:: also know as international social security agreements

Process by which a retirement benefit becomes nonforfeitable

Any fixed, recurring period of 168 hours (7 days times 24 hours =168 hours)

Comvining several salary grades or job classifications with narrow pay ranges into one band with a wider salary spread

Reflect the dimenstions along which a job is perceived to add value to the organization:: these factors are used to determine which jobs are worth more than others

Trust created exclusively for the purpose of paying the qualified education expenses of a designated beneficiary

Pay that is received by an employe , including base pay, differential pay, and incentive pay

Workers who are covered by FLSA regulations as determined by the IRS 20-Factor test

Rating system that bases insurance rates on claims history

Provides each incumbent of a job with the same rate of pay, regardless of performance or seniority:: also know as single rate pay

Pay based on where an employee works

Point factor job evaluation system:: also known as the Guide Chart Profile

Form of base pay that is dependent on the number of hours worked

Persons who live in one country and are employed by an organization based in another country:: alos called expatriates

Concept that states that employees must be able to influence the attainment of a goal and see a direct result of their efforts in order for incentive pay plans to be effective

Health plan where benefits are reduced for employees eligible for Medicare:: Medicare becomes the primary provider

Employees covered under FLSA regulations, including overtime pay requirements

Job ranking method in which evaluator compares each job with every other job being evaluated

Situation where an individual's performance is the basis for either the amount of timing of pay increases:: also called merit pay

Medical conditions that existed before a health care policy is taken out

States that an ERISA plan fiduciary has legal and financial obligations not to take more risks when investing employee benefit progam funds than a reasonably knowledgeable, prudent investor would under similar circumstances

Act that provided certain legal protections for spousal beneficiaries of qualified retirement plans

Retirement plan by which employees can contribute each year to a 401 (k) plan or IRA

Refers to supplemental pay paid to employees who work less desirable hours such as second or thirt shirts

Insurance policy that protects employers with partially self funded insurance plans by limiting individual and group wide claims

Act that crated tax advantaged savings mechanisms

Mandatory benefit program set up as part of the social security act designed to provide a subsistence payment to employees between jobs

Average of data that takes other factors such as the number of incumbents into account

Plans that allow employees to make tax favored pay deferrals toward retirement savings through a payroll deduction plan

Type of health care plan in which the physician is paid on a per capita (per head) basis rather than for actual treatment provided

Instrument that measures change over time for costs of a group of goods and services

Initial amount of covered medical expenses an individual must pay before receiving paid benefits under a health care plan

Amount advanced on future commissions

Work having equal skills, equal effort, equal responsibility and equal working conditions all performed at the same location

Job comparison method that ranks each job by each selected compensable factor and then identifies dollar values to develop a pay rate

Listing of grouped data, from lowest to highest

Clauses written into executive contracts that provide special payments to key executives who might lose their position or be otherwise disadvantaged if another company took control of the organization through a merger or acquisition:: also know as parachutes

Act that made changes to improve health care coverage portability and accessibility and provide medical record privacy and security

Form of direct compensation where employers pay for performance beyond normal expectations to motivate employees to perform at higher levels

Payroll deductions such as tax levies and court ordered child support that an employee must pay

Replaces a portion of an employees lost income after short term disability coverage ends

Act that addresses parity between mental health benefits and medical benefits

Act that amended age discriminatin in employment act to include all employee benefits:: also provided terminated employees with time to consider group termination or retirement programs and consult an attorney

Occurs when there is only a small difference in pay between employees regardless of their skills, experience or seniority:: also known as salary compression

Special privileges for executives that are usually noncash items

Extra pay for working holidays or vacations days

Create or recognize the right of an alternative payee to receive all or a portion of the benefits under a retirement plan

Rulings published by the IRS as general guidelines to all taxpayers or organizations

Act that regulated "inside trading"

Specified period of time during which employees who are ill or have nonwork related injuries receive their full salary

Benefits paid to unemployed workers beyond required government unemployment benefits

System in which pay is based on longevity inthe job and pay increases occur on a predetermined schedule

Raw average of data that gives equal weight to all factors with no regard to individual factors such as the number of incumbents or companies

Income tax credit to encourage employers to hire people from a targeted group

Plans that allow employees of states, political subdivisions or agencies of states, and certain tax exempt organizations to defer receipt of wages

Requires participants to complete a specific number of years of service with an employer before they get any vested benefits, after which they are 100% vested

Eliminates the duplication of payments when an employee, spouse or dependents have health coverage under two or more plans

Plan that provides income to employees at some future time as compensation for work performed now

Extra pay that employees receive when they are called into work during an emergency (ie a power outage)

Amount of employer provided group term life insurance over $50,000

Act that regulates employee overtime status, overtime pay, child labor, minimum wage, record keeping and other adminstrative concerns

Type of Section 125 plan that allows employees to choose from a menu of benefits and allocate pretax dollars to pay for those benefits

Situation where an employees pay is below the minimum of the range

Form of health care that provides services for a fixed period on a prepaid basis

Workers who are not covered by FLSA regulations as determined by the IRS 20 Factor test

Evaluation method that groups jobs into a predetermined number of grades or classifications, each having a class description to use for job comparisons

General term for a medical plan that seeks to ensure that the treatments a person receives are medically necessary and provided in a cost effective manner

Minimum hourly amount, determined by congress that nonexempt employees can be paid

Pay that employees receive when they are on call but not actually working

Set the upper and lower bounds of possible compensation for individuals whose jobs fall in a pay grade

Consist of hospital and physician practices that merge into vertically integrated structures

Type of section 125 plan that allows employees to pay for certain qualified benefits with pretax dollars

Grantor trust designed to segregate nonqualified deferred compensation benefits from an employer's general accounts

Account providing tax free income growth:: contributions are made with after tax dollars

System that shows preference to employees with the longest service

Provides each incumbent of a job with the same rate of pay, regardless of performance or seniority:: also know as flat rate pay

Monthly benefits paid under social security to eligible dependents of deceased workers

All forms of financial returns that employees receive from their employers

Pay that is based on when the employee works (ie overtime pay, shift pay differential) or where the employee works:: also called differential pay

State insurance program designed to protect workers in cases of work related injuries or diseases related to workers employment

Act that determined that older workers may not be discriminated against by performance-based pay systems.

Practice where an uncontracted medical provider bills a patient for all charges not paid for by the patient's insurance plan, even if those charges are above the plan's usual and customary rate or are considered medically unnecessary.

Allows employees to advance via either a management or technical track within an organization.

Pay increase given to all employees (or a class of employees such as office or production workers) based on local competitive market requirements:: awarded regardless of employee performance.

Act that prohibits discrimination against individuals on the basis of their genetic information in both employment and health care.

Traditional term used to describe employees brought in from another country to work in the headquarters country for a specified period.

Middle point above and below which 50% of scores in a set of data lie.

Value that occurs most frequently in a set of data.

Offered to employees who are on leave for injuries under FMLA:: job tasks are modified to meet the employee's restrictions.

Act that changes the laws that affect defined benefit plans, defined contribution plans, individual retirement accounts, and other issues related to retirement planning.

Traditional term referring to employees who have returned home from an international assignment

Five-step instructional design process that governs the development of human resource development programs.

Level of learning characterized by understanding information to the level of being able to break it down and explain how it fits together.

Study of how adults learn

Level of learning characterized by ability to use learned information in a new situation

Relates to technical skills training:: often a partnership between employers and unions.

Ability to learn information or acquire a skill.

Type of e-learning in which participants access

People who learn best by relying on their sense of hearing.

Occurs when an appraiser's values, beliefs, or prejudices distort performance ratings.

Planned approach to learning that includes a combination of methods such as classroom, e-learning, self-paced study, and performance support such as job aids or coaching.

Process by which individuals progress through a series of stages in their careers, each of which is characterized by relatively unique issues, themes, and tasks.

Actions and activities that individuals perform in order to give direction to their work life.

Diagram that maps out a list of factors that are thought to affect a problem or a desired outcome.

Error that occurs when an appraiser rates all employees within a narrow range, regardless of differences in actual performance.

Simple visual tools used to collect and analyze data.

Set of behaviors encompassing skills, knowledge, abilities, and personal attributes that are critical to successful work accomplishment.

Level of learning characterized by ability to translate or interpret information.

Error that occurs when an employee's rating is based on how his or her performance compares to that of another employee rather than objective standards.

Chart that illustrates variations from normal in a situation over time.

Form of protection provided by the U.S. government to authors of "original works" to exclude others from printing or otherwise duplicating, distributing, or vending copies of his/her literary, artistic, and other creative expressions

Act that defines the protection provided to authors of "original works" to exclude others from printing or otherwise duplicating, distributing, or vending copies of his or her literary, artistic, and other creative expressions,

Skills, knowledge, and abilities that employees must possess in order to successfully perform job functions that are essential to business perations

Type of learning curve in which the amount of learning or skill level increases rapidly at first and then the rate of improvement slows

Activities that focus on preparing employees for future responsibilities while increasing their capacity to perform their current jobs

Process of delivering educational or instructional programs to locations away from a classroom or site.

Differences in characteristics of people:: can involve personality, work style, race, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, education, functional level at work, etc.

Training designed to inform and educate senior

Career development programs that identify meaningful career paths for professional and technical people whose preferences may be outside traditional management roles.

Delivery of formal and informal training and educational materials, processes, and programs via the use of electronic media.

Ability of an individual to be sensitive to and

Level of learning characterized by ability to make judgments.

Coaching typically conducted by a third-party vendor to support managers in mastering the fundamental principles and practices for achieving extraordinary results and empowering staff success.

Coaching typically available to professional, exempt, and/or high-potential employees that is done in a private and confidential relationship with a trained or certified consultant/coach.

Rewards such as pay, benefits, bonuses, promotions, achievement awards, time off, more freedom and autonomy, special assignments, etc.

Provision of the Copyright Act that allows the use of copyrighted work in certain circumstances.

Career development programs that involve identifying a pool of potential leaders and rapidly increasing their leadership skill development.

Strong but invisible career barrier that sometimes exists for minorities and women.

Clear statement, usually in one sentence, of the purpose and intent of a human resource development program.

Society or group where people have close connections over a long period of time and where many aspects of behavior are not made explicit, because most members know what to do and think from years of interaction.

Graphic representation of the distribution of a single type of measurement:: data is represented by a series of rectangles of varying heights.

Set of systematic and planned activities designed by an organization to provide its members with the necessary skills to meet current and future job demands.

Type of learning curve in which progress is initially slow because basics are being learned but then performance takes off after the initial learning phase.

Consists of ongoing meetings between supervisors and employees to discuss the employee's career goals.

Meaningful work, good feedback on performance, autonomy, and other factors that lead to high levels of satisfaction in the job.

People who learn best through a hands-on approach:: also called tactile learners.

Level of learning characterized by ability to recall specific facts.

Process of creating, acquiring, sharing, and managing knowledge to augment individual and organizational performance.

Ability of an individual to influence a group or another individual toward the achievement of goals and results.

System that holds course content information and has the capability of tracking and managing employee course registrations, career development, and other employee development activities.

Learning elements that may be reused in a variety of contexts:: examples include animated graphics, job aids, and print modules.

Organization characterized by a capability to adapt to changes in environment.

Ways individuals learn and process ideas.

Errors that are the result of appraisers who don't want to give low scores.

Society where people tend to have many connections but of shorter duration and where behavior and beliefs may need to be spelled out explicitly so that those coming into the cultural environment know how to behave.

Directing day-to-day organizational operations

Developmentally oriented relationship between two individuals.

Factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time.

Process by which an organization's needs are identified in order to help the organization accomplish its objectives:: also called needs analysis

Results that participants will be able to perform at the end of a human resource development program.

Process of new employee assimilation into the

Training provided to employees at the work site utilizing demonstration and performance of job tasks.

Shared attitudes and perceptions in an organization.

Process of enhancing the effectiveness of an organization and the well-being of its members through planned interventions.

Certain types of learning activities or processes that may occur at any one of several levels in an organization.

Initial phase of employee training that covers job

Vertical bar graph on which bar height reflects frequency or impact of causes

Gives its owner the right to exclude others from making, using, or selling anything that embodies or uses an invention.

Study of the education of children.

Process that measures the degree to which an employee accomplishes work requirements.

Process of maintaining or improving employee job performance through the use of performance assessment tools, coaching, and counseling as well as providing continuous feedback

Expectations of management translated into behaviors and results that employees can deliver.

Human resource development programs offered initially in a controlled environment with a segment of the target

Type of learning curve in which learning is fast at first but then flattens out with no apparent progress.

Career state of employees who are no longer considered promotable

Occurs when an appraiser gives more weight to an employee's earlier performance and discounts recent occurrences.

Diagram of the steps involved in a process.

Status of a work when copyright protection ends:: in general, copyright protection covers the life of the author plus 70 years.

Act that prohibits discrimination in employment for persons age 40 and over.

Act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability.

Preparing, implementing, and monitoring employees' career paths, with a primary focus on the goals of the organization.

Process of sending employees abroad and supporting their ability to adapt to cultural changes and complete their international assignment.

Occurs when an employee is extremely competent in one area and is therefore rated high in all categories.

Occurs when an employee receives an overall low rating because of one weakness.

Broadening the scope of a job by expanding the number of different tasks to be performed.

Increases the depth of a job by adding responsibility for planning, organizing, controlling, and evaluation.

Movement between comparable but different jobs.

Programs developed to assist displaced employees in finding jobs and adjusting to change.

Error that occurs when an appraiser gives more weight to recent occurrences and discounts an employee's earlier performance during the appraisal.

Reintegrating employees into their home-country operations following an international assignment.

"Snapshot" assessment of the availability of qualified backup for key positions.

Ability to keep talented employees in an organization.

Learning elements that may be reused in a variety of contexts:: examples include animated graphics, job aids, and print modules.

Illustration that depicts possible relationships between two variables.

Disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects.

Type of learning curve in which learning occurs in a series of increasing or decreasing returns:: usually seen when an employee is attempting to learn a difficult task that also requires specific insight.

Error that occurs when an appraiser believes standards are too low and inflates the standards in an effort to them meaningful.

Person who is well versed in the content of a human resource development program.

Process of systematically identifying, assessing, and developing leadership talent.

Process for evaluating an organization's current strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

Type of e-learning in which participants interact together in real time.

Level of learning at which the learner is able to respond to new situations and determine trouble-shooting techniques and solutions.

Development and integration of HR processes that attract, develop, engage, and retain the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees that will meet current and future business needs.

Systems management philosophy that states that every organization is hindered by constraints that come from its internal policies.

Prohibits discrimination or segregation based on race, color, national origin, religion, and gender in all terms and conditions of employment.

Strategic, integrated management system for achieving customer satisfaction that involves all managers and employees and uses quantitative methods to continuously improve an organization's processes.

Act that provides federal protection for trademarks and service marks.

Readiness to learn, combining students' level of ability and motivation with their perceptions of the work environment.

Process of providing knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) specific to a task or job.

Leadership style that offers the promise of reward or the threat of discipline to motivate employees.

Effective and continuing on-the-job application of the knowledge and skills gained during a learning experience.

Leadership style that motivates employees by inspiring them to join in a mutually satisfying achievement.

Federal guidelines that require employers to show that they are not discriminating against or creating adverse impact on a group of applicants or employees, including selecting participants for training.

Act that requires benefit continuation and crediting of service while an employee is on military active duty.

Act that established U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

Offline, instructor-led training designed to bring a learner up to production standards before assuming online responsibilities.

People who learn best by relying on their sense of sight.

Amendments to Americans with Disabilities Act covering mitigating measures and definition of individuals regarded as having a disability.

Occurs when the selection rate for a protected class is less than 80% of the rate for the class with the highest selection rate:: also known as disparate impact.

Practice in which employers identify conspicuous

Plans that focus on the hiring, training, promoting,

Act that prohibits discrimination in employment for

1975 court ruling that items used to validate employment requirements must be job-related.

Use of alternative recruiting sources and workers who are not regular employees:: also known as flexible staffing.

Act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified

Tests that measure the general ability or capacity to learn or acquire a new skill.

Method of evaluating candidates using content-valid work samples of a job:: typically for managerial positions.

Analysis in which organization considers internal and

Type of interview that focuses on how applicant

Situation in which gender, religion, or national origin is reasonably necessary to carrying out a particular job function in the normal operations of a business or enterprise.

1989 Court ruling that the numerical quota system of

First comprehensive U.S. law making it illegal to

Act that expands the possible damage awards available to victims of intentional discrimination to include compensatory and punitive damages:: gives plaintiffs in cases of alleged intentional discrimination the right to a jury trial.

Questions that can usually be answered with yes or no.

Situation in which an organization shares joint

Tests that assess skills the candidate has already learned.

Set of job competencies that together make up a profile for success for a particular job.

Evaluation that requires an organization to provide details on and documentation of its affirmative action plan.

Type of criterion-related validity determined by relating the test scores of a group of test takers who take a test (Test A) to some other criterion measure (Test B) that is administered at the same time.

Act that requires that federal employee relations legislation enacted by Congress apply to employees of Congress.

Extent to which a selection device measures the theoretical construct or trait (e.g., intelligence or mechanical comprehension).

Occurs when an employer makes working conditions so intolerable that an employee has no choice but to resign.

Act that limits the amount of wages that can be garnished or withheld in any one week by an employer to satisfy creditors.

Degree to which an interview, test, or other selection

Refers to the link between a selection device and job

Failure to recognize responses of a candidate that are

Forecasting technique that progressively collects

Type of interview in which interviewer poses specific

Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits

Occurs when the selection rate for a protected class is less

Occurs when protected classes are intentionally treated

Court ruling that distinguished between supervisor

Act that makes it unlawful for employers to use polygraphs

Process of positioning an organization as an "employer of

Agreement between an employer and an employee that

Makes the hiring decision official:: should immediately

Protects an employer against claims by workers that their

Primary job duty that a qualified individual must be able to

External recruiting method:: firms seek out candidates,

Interview conducted when an employee is terminating with

Collective term for employees sent abroad to work in a

Act that provides some relief to employers using third

Act that protects privacy of background information and

Court ruling that distinguished between supervisor

Type of interviewer bias in which interviewer makes snap

Use of alternative recruiting sources and workers who are

Occurs when a creditor obtains a court order requiring an

Case in which Supreme Court held that the Age

Act that prohibits discrimination against individuals on the

Case in which Supreme Court held that University of

1971 case that recognized adverse impact discrimination.

Type of interview where multiple job candidates are

Case in which Supreme Court held that University of

Type of interviewer bias in which interviewer allows one

Court ruling that established "reasonable person" standard

Measures of applicants' propensity toward undesirable

Type of interviewer bias in which the interviewer allows

Employees hired for jobs in their own countries:: also

Occurs when sexual or other discriminatory conduct is so

Act that prohibits discrimination against job applicants on

Traditional term used to describe employees brought in

All-encompassing term used to describe anyone on an

When employers decide to discharge particular employees

Systematic study of jobs to determine what activities and

According to EEO regulations, anyone who expresses an

Internal recruiting method that allows employees to

Knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) and other personal

Summarizes most important features of a job, including

Part of affirmative action plan that lists all job titles that

Internal recruiting method that allows current employees

Spells out qualifications necessary for an incumbent to be

Amendment to Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment

Court ruling that endorsed using gender as one factor in an

Situation in which an organization shares joint

Use of information from past and present to predict future

Case in which Supreme Court held that the availability of

Act that creates a rolling time frame for filing wage

Employees hired for jobs in their own countries:: also

Case that established criteria for disparate treatment.

Case in which Supreme Court held that evidence of

Court ruling that first held that sexual harassment violates

Statistical method that can be used to project future

Type of interviewer bias that involves rejecting a candidate

Group of individuals who meet face-to-face to forecast

Type of interview in which interviewer asks open

Document that formally communicates the employment

Court ruling that same-gender harassment is actionable

Employees who report to work only when needed.

Type of question that typically begins with what, where,

Part of an affirmative action plan that provides a graphical

Process of managing the way people leave an organization.

Depicts the staffing pattern of a facility to determine if

Any discrete component of an organization in which there

Systematic process by which a laid-off or terminated

Flexible staffing option in which an independent company

Type of interview in which structured questions are spread

Citizens of an organization's headquarters country who

Type of interview in which interviewer asks each applicant

When a company needing help identifies specific people

Case in which Supreme Court ruled on the use of the

Streamlined process for obtaining labor certification for

Tests that measure person's social interaction skills and

Objectives or targets in an affirmative action plan that are

Test that measures respiration, blood pressure, and

Type of criterion-related validity:: degree to which

Act that prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy,

Type of interview that is useful when an organization has a

Latin term for "on first view" or "at first appearance."

Act that protects the employment records of federal

People who are covered under a federal or state

Tests that require a candidate to demonstrate a minimum

Type of sexual harassment that occurs when an employee

Involves hiring and promoting a fixed number of

Part of the selection process that provides an applicant

Modifying job application process, work environment, or

Court ruling that colleges and universities could

Act that prohibits discrimination based on physical or

Traditional term referring to employees who have returned

Type of interview in which interviewer asks every

Document prepared by job candidate (or professional hired

Result of an employer punishing an employee for engaging

Ability to keep talented employees in an organization.

Supreme Court ruling that persons with contagious

Allow organizations to partner with communities and

Process of hiring the most suitable candidate for a vacant

Interview designed to probe areas of interest to interviewer

Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors,

Projection of future demand based on a past relationship::

Representations of real situations:: give organizations the

Type of interview in which interviewer asks hypothetical

Computerized talent or skill inventories that can furnish a

Computerized talent or skill inventories that can furnish a

Case in which Supreme Court held that Age

Court ruling that Title VII plaintiff must show that

HR function that identifies organizational human capital

Agencies that provide employee screening, testing, and

Type of interviewer bias that involves forming generalized

Type of interview in which interviewer assumes an

Type of interview in which interviewer asks every

Measures intended to ensure a drug-free workplace.

Type of interview in which interviewer asks each applicant

Court ruling that nonremedial affirmative action plan

Type of interview used in situations where the position

Traditional term used to describe employees who are

Use of statistics to determine whether relationships exist

Annualized formula that tracks number of separations and

Procedural document designed to assist employers in

Court ruling dealing with reverse discrimination charges::

Legal doctrine under which a party can be held liable for

Act that prohibits discrimination against certain veterans

Court ruling that dealt with job testing and discrimination.

Act that requires some employers to give a minimum of 60

List of job titles ranked from lowest- to highest-paid within

Process an organization uses to analyze its current base of

Ratios that can help quantify recruitment efforts.