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Who is the current ruler of Russia?
Medvedev
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Is Russia considered democratic?
No
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When did turkey lose the ottoman empire?
1918
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Who created the basic Turkish political principle?
President Kemal Ataturk
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What is Kemalism?
Separation of religion and politics in Turkey.
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How long did the Iranian kingdom last?
Until 1979 (Islamic revolution)
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Ayatollah Khomeini led and created what?
- Iranian theocracy
- The strong bind between politics and religion.
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Why is the middle east the least democratic region?
Democracy is incompatible with extreme theocracy.
- Islam justifies dictatorships.
- The oil factor
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Karl Marx created what?
- Communism.
- The belief that workers should have power instead of privileged. The elimination of private property.
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When was the Soviet Union created?
1917
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Eastern Europe turned to communism when?
After WWII
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When was the Cold War?
WWII until 1980s
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Why did the Cold War end?
The soviet union weakened
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Who led the Russian revolution in 1917?
Lenin
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Who ruled Russia between 1920s-1953
A brutal dictator named Stalin
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What resulted in the Soviet Unions economic failure?
Afghan War in 1979
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Who took power of Russia in 1985?
Gorbachev
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What is Perestroika?
Restructuring
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What is Glasnost?
Openness
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When did the Soviet Union dissolve?
1991
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What are the two parts to Robert Dahl's definition of democracy?
- 1. Competition - Is opposition possible?
- 2. Inclusiveness - Are people excluded?
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Describe the 1st wave.
- Took place between 1820-1920s and was the "long wave."
- 29 democracies in 1926.
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Describe the 2nd wave.
- Took place after WWII.
- It's peak was 36 democracies.
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Describe the 3rd wave.
- Started in 1974 and is still continuing.
- More than 100 democracies.
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Where did the third wave start and with what countries?
- Started in Southern Europe.
- Greece, Spain, and Latin America.
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What conditions are favorable to the rise of democracy?
- Economic Development
- Political Culture
- Social Structure
- External Factors
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What does "consolidation of democracy" mean?
Democracy is stronger, gains legitimacy, and is seen as the "only game in town."
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When did the colonization of Africa intensify?
1880s
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When was the "year of Africa?"
1960
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Who was Kwame Nkumah?
He led Ghana to independence
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Why did many African countries have trouble in nation building?
- Ethnic conflict
- low education level
- artificial border lines
- poverty
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What is neopatrimonialism?
When African political leaders maintain authority through personal patronage rather than ideology or law.
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What is the name of the dictator who controlled Congo between 1965 and 1997? What were the characteristics of his rule?
- Mobutu
- He was very money hungry
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Who controlled Uganda between 1971 and 1979 and what where the characteristics of his rule?
- Idi Amin
- he was blood hungry and killed for pleasure
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What does "state failure" mean?
Name an example.
When government's capacity to govern gets weak.
Somalia is an example since it has no central govt since 1991.
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How did the Cold War affect democratization in the 1990s?
In order to receive aid, countries were required to be democracies.
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What three factors contributed to the Range of Regimes?
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Who did Nigeria gain independence from in 1960?
United Kingdom
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What composes 95% of Nigeria's exports?
Oil
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Is Nigeria a democracy or non-democracy?
It is constantly back and forth between the two.
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How did the Biafra War happen?
It happened when provinces attempted seceeding from Nigeria because of ethnic conflict.
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When did most countries in Asia gain independence?
After WWII
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What're the theoretical and realistic beliefs in convergence and divergence?
Theoretically, the difference between rich and poor countries is supposed to get smaller.
Realistcally, the difference is getting bigger.
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What're the Four Tigers (Dragons) in Newly Industrializing Economies?
- Singapore
- Hong Kong
- Taiwan
- South Korea
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What's the difference between Modernization and Dependency theory?
Modernization believes underdeveloped countries will eventually westernize.
Dependency believes poor countries' development is hindered.
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Dictatorships are more predictable than democracies in terms of economy. True or False?
True.
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What're the three types of Authoritarian systems?
- 1. Authoritarian developmentalist regimes
- -promotes growth & welfare
- 2. Authoritarian growth regimes
- -promotes growth
- 3. Authoritarian state elite enrichment regimes
- -promotes neither growth or welfare
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Which country colonized Mexico?
Spain
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Which dictator of Mexico was ousted during the Mexican Revolution?
Porfirio Diaz
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Is mexico federal or unitary?
Is power centralized or decentralized (until 2000)
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Is Mexico presidential or parliamentary?
Does the head of govt have strong power (until 2000)
- Presidential
- Yes, has very strong power
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What Mexican party domintated politics from 1929-2000?
PRI - Institutional Revolutionary Party
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Who is the current Mexican president?
What is his party?
- Felipe Calderon
- PAN - National Action Party
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What was Mohandas Ghandhi's strategy in the independence movement?
Non-violent resistance (indian tradition)
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Is India secular or religious?
When did it gain independence?
- Secular.
- Gained independence in 1947
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Who was the first P.M. of india?
Nehru
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What party dominated India for a long time after ind.?
INC - Indian National Congress
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What are the characteristics of Indira Gandhi's politics? Whose daughter is she?
Strong leadership, personalistic, and part of INC
Nehru's daughter
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What is "Hindu backlash"?
reaction against secularism due to conflicts with Muslims
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What's the main political party of Hindu nationalism?
BJP
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What are the two major parties in India?
INC and BJP
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Who is the current P.M. of India? What party does he belong to?
Singh - INC
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