NHA

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  1. The normal range of respirtations in an adult is ?
    12-20 per minute
  2. Apnea ?
    temporary absence of breathing
  3. Tachypnea ?
    respirations greater then 40 / minute
  4. Orthopena ?
    difficulty or inability to breath unless in an upright position
  5. Hyperpnea ?
    abnormal increase in the depth and rate of breathing
  6. Blood pressure is the measurement of ?
    amount of pressure exerted during the cardiac cycle
  7. A stethoscope & sphygmomanometer are used for what ?
    taking blood pressures
  8. The size of the cuff of the sphygmomanometer depends on ?
    the circumference of the limb and not the pt's age
  9. The cuff is positioned at heart level and ?
    2.5cm above the antecubital crease
  10. Inflat the cuff about 30mm Hg above the palpatory systolic pressure, deflat slowly at what rate ?
    2-3 mm Hg per second
  11. The numbers of a Blood pressure is measured
    ____ over ____ ?
    systolic over diastolic
  12. Name 7 errors in blood pressure measurements
    improper cuff size, arm is not at heart level, cuff is not completely deflated before use, deflation of cuff is faster then 2-3mmHg per sec., cuff is re-inflated during the procedure without resting arm for 1-2 min, improper cuff placement, and defective equipment.
  13. Hypertension (HTN) is ?
    140/90 or above
  14. Hypotension is ?
    90/60 or less
  15. Anthropometric measurements in infants and toddlers are ?
    length, height, weight, weight for lenth and head circumference
  16. Anthropometric measurements in adults are ?
    Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, and percentage of body fat
  17. 4 principals of physical examination are :
    Inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
  18. Palpation is ?
    sense of touch
  19. Auscultation is ?
    listening to sounds , usually heart, lungs or abdomen
  20. Medical assistant role in the phys. exam is ?
    room prep, patient prep, and assisting the physician
  21. Patient position for physical examinations
    Horizontal Recumbent Position (supine)
  22. Dorsal Recumbent Position is ?
    patient on back with knees bent and feet flat on the bed
  23. The Fowler's Position ?
    promote drainage or ease breathing, sometimes a pillow under knees to raise slightly
  24. Dorsal Lithotomy Position ?
    usually examination of pelvic, OBGYN appts.
  25. The Sim's Position ?
    for rectal exams, pt is lying on their left side with their right knee flexed against abdomen and left knee slightly flexed
  26. The Trendelenburg position ?
    pt is lying on back with head lower then trunk, tx shock
  27. 3 types of hazards
    physical, chemical, and biological
  28. Most effect way to control bleeding
    apply direct pressure to the wound
  29. Shock is ?
    insufficient return of blood flow to the heart, inadequate supply of O2 to all organs and tissues of the body
  30. Common symptoms of shock are :
    • Pale, cold, clammy skin
    • rapid, weak pulse
    • increased, shallow breathing rate
    • starring eyes
  31. 1st aid for shock
    • maintain open airway
    • call for help
    • keep pt in trendelenburg position
    • keep pt warm
  32. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) rate
    adult is 30 compressions to 2 breaths = 100 compressions per minute
  33. Infection control, Chain of Infection....in order
    Agent, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host
  34. Explain each Chain of Infection
    • Agent: viruses, bacteria, parasites
    • Portal of exit: method which agent leaves reservoir
    • Mode of transmission: ways microorganisms travel from reservoir to host
    • Portal of entry: sites of broken skin, mucous membranes
    • Susceptible host: person who is not resistant or immune
  35. Medical Asepsis is ?
    the destruction of microorganisms after they leave the body
  36. 10% bleach solution consists of ?
    • 1 part bleach
    • 9 parts water
  37. Surgical Asepsis ?
    ALL pathogens are destroyed
  38. Name 4 methods of sterilization
    • Gas
    • Dry heat
    • Chemical
    • Steam (autoclave)
  39. The #1 way to prevent the spread of infections ?
    hand washing
  40. Hand antisepsis requires the use of _____ to remove or kill microorganisms
    antimicrobial soap
  41. PPE's consist of ?
    • Gloves
    • Masks
    • Goggles
    • Face shields
    • Gowns
    • Respirator
  42. Standard precautions is a method to prevent direct contact with ?
    blood and body fluids
  43. What is the infection that a pt acquires in the hospital ?
    Noscocomial Infection
  44. Droplet precautions means the pt's droplets travel only short distance, how far ?
    3 feet or less
  45. The PDR, physicaians desk reference, is for what ?
    correct spelling and drug info
  46. po ?
    pr ?
    sl ?
    IV ?
    IM ?
    • by mouth
    • by rectum
    • sublingual
    • intravenous
    • intramuscular
  47. qd ?
    bid ?
    tid ?
    qid ?
    pe ?
    qhs ?
    prn ?
    • every day
    • 2 times a day
    • 3 times a day
    • 4 times a day
    • after meals
    • each night at bedtime
    • as needed
  48. The heart is located ?
    in the thoracic cavity between lungs behind sternum
  49. endocardium ?
    myocardium ?
    heart skeleton ?
    • innermost layer of the heart
    • middle layer of the heart
    • 4 rings of connective tissue surrounds heart
  50. Pericardium ?
    outermost layer of the heart
  51. The right side of the heart pumps ??
    deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein into the lungs
  52. The left side of the heart ?
    pumps oxygenated blood thru the pulmonary artery
  53. The right atrium......
    receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior vena cava
  54. The right ventricle.....
    receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium via tricuspid valve, to the pulmonary valve out to the pulmonary artery for oxygenation.
  55. The pulmonary arteries are the ONLY arteries in the body that carry ______ blood
    Deoxygenated
  56. The left atrium receives oxgenated blood from the ......
    right and left pulmonary veins
  57. The pulmonary veins are the ONLY veins that carry ____ blood
    oxygenated
  58. The left ventricle receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it ......
    to the body thru the aorta
  59. The largest artery of the body is ?
    Aorta
  60. The atrioventricular valves (AV) are located ?
    between the atria and ventricles
  61. The tricuspid valve is located ?
    between rt atium and rt ventricle
  62. The bicuspid valve, aka mitral valve is located ?
    between the lt atrium and lt ventricle
  63. Murmurs are caused by diseases of ?
    the valves or other structural abnormalities, the sounds are produced by the closing of the valves
  64. T or F : Edema means there is no accumulation of fluid in the tissue
    false
  65. List the correct order of blood draw ?
    • Blood cultures
    • Yellow
    • Light blue
    • Red
    • Tigers
    • Green
    • Tan
    • Lavender
    • White
    • Royal blue
    • Navy
    • Grey
  66. A pt's rights include all of the following EXCEPT ?
    • right to cure **
    • right to refuse tx
    • right to consent to tx
    • right to privacy
  67. Which of the following is NOT part of the vial signs of body function ?
    • Temperature
    • pulse
    • respiration
    • weight **
  68. In the axillary method of measuring temp, the temp is taken ?
    in the underarm
  69. Which method of sterilization is used for instruments that corrode easily ?
    dry heat sterilization
  70. Which of the following is a unit of measure on a standard prescription ?
    micrograms
  71. The Q wave if present, is always ?
    negative
  72. The 1st electrical implse that is recorded on the ECG paper during a normal cardiac cycle is the ?
    P wave
  73. An obese pt sent for blood work, which vein is more likely to be used ?
    cephalic vein
  74. Collection devices used in skin punctures are ?
    capillary tubes
  75. How far above the site of draw is the tourniquet placed ?
    3-4 inches
  76. What is used to chill specimen in transport ?
    icy water
  77. The tube of choice for glucose testing is ?
    grey
  78. The major parts of a routine urinalysis are :
    physical, chemical, and microscopic
  79. The EKG records :
    electrical activity of the heart
  80. How many stages are there to Hemostasis ?
    6
  81. Several wave forms
    complex
  82. Movement away from the heart
    wave form
  83. a wave form and a segment
    interval
  84. a line between wave forms
    segment
  85. Brings blood to the heart from upper body
    superior vena cava
  86. receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart via superior vena cava
    right atrium
  87. only carries oxygenated blood
    pulmonary veins
  88. pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
    right ventricle
  89. located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
    tricuspid valve
  90. brings blood to the heart from the lower body
    inferior vena cava
  91. located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
    bicuspid or mitral valve
  92. located between the left ventricle and the aorta
    aortic valve
  93. receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
    left atrium
  94. located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk
    pulmonic valve
  95. only carries deoxygenated blood
    pulmonary arteries
  96. pumps blood out of the heart
    left ventricle
  97. AV node is located
    at the posterior septal wall of the right atrium just above the tricuspid valve
  98. Bundle of His is found at the....
    superior portion of the interventricular septum
  99. Purkinje fibers are found within the ....
    ventricular endocardium, it consist of a network of small conduction fibers that delivers the electrical impulses to the ventricular myocardium
  100. SA node is found in the ...
    upper portion of the right atrial wall just below the opening of the superior vena cava
  101. Bundle branches function is to ....
    conduct the electrical impulse to the Purkinje fibers
  102. The first negative deflection that follows the first positive deflection is
    S wave
  103. The initial negative deflection
    Q wave
  104. A recorded tracing of the heart
    lead
  105. A wire that connects the electrode to the cardiac monitor
    cable
  106. The 1st positive deflection
    R wave
  107. The deflection produced by atrial depolarization
    P wave
  108. The deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P wave
    U wave
  109. A paper, plastic, or metal sensor placed on the pt's skin in a specific location
    electrodes
  110. The deflection produced by the ventricle repolarizing
    T wave
  111. Represents ventricular depolarization (activation)
    QRS complex

Card Set Information

Author:
 nucmed4
ID:
 119197
Filename:
 NHA
Updated:
 2011-11-28 00:17:52
Tags:
NHA
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