The flashcards below were created by user
nucmed4
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
The normal range of respirtations in an adult is ?
12-20 per minute
-
Apnea ?
temporary absence of breathing
-
Tachypnea ?
respirations greater then 40 / minute
-
Orthopena ?
difficulty or inability to breath unless in an upright position
-
Hyperpnea ?
abnormal increase in the depth and rate of breathing
-
Blood pressure is the measurement of ?
amount of pressure exerted during the cardiac cycle
-
A stethoscope & sphygmomanometer are used for what ?
taking blood pressures
-
The size of the cuff of the sphygmomanometer depends on ?
the circumference of the limb and not the pt's age
-
The cuff is positioned at heart level and ?
2.5cm above the antecubital crease
-
Inflat the cuff about 30mm Hg above the palpatory systolic pressure, deflat slowly at what rate ?
2-3 mm Hg per second
-
The numbers of a Blood pressure is measured
____ over ____ ?
systolic over diastolic
-
Name 7 errors in blood pressure measurements
improper cuff size, arm is not at heart level, cuff is not completely deflated before use, deflation of cuff is faster then 2-3mmHg per sec., cuff is re-inflated during the procedure without resting arm for 1-2 min, improper cuff placement, and defective equipment.
-
Hypertension (HTN) is ?
140/90 or above
-
Hypotension is ?
90/60 or less
-
Anthropometric measurements in infants and toddlers are ?
length, height, weight, weight for lenth and head circumference
-
Anthropometric measurements in adults are ?
Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, and percentage of body fat
-
4 principals of physical examination are :
Inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
-
Palpation is ?
sense of touch
-
Auscultation is ?
listening to sounds , usually heart, lungs or abdomen
-
Medical assistant role in the phys. exam is ?
room prep, patient prep, and assisting the physician
-
Patient position for physical examinations
Horizontal Recumbent Position (supine)
-
Dorsal Recumbent Position is ?
patient on back with knees bent and feet flat on the bed
-
The Fowler's Position ?
promote drainage or ease breathing, sometimes a pillow under knees to raise slightly
-
Dorsal Lithotomy Position ?
usually examination of pelvic, OBGYN appts.
-
The Sim's Position ?
for rectal exams, pt is lying on their left side with their right knee flexed against abdomen and left knee slightly flexed
-
The Trendelenburg position ?
pt is lying on back with head lower then trunk, tx shock
-
3 types of hazards
physical, chemical, and biological
-
Most effect way to control bleeding
apply direct pressure to the wound
-
Shock is ?
insufficient return of blood flow to the heart, inadequate supply of O2 to all organs and tissues of the body
-
Common symptoms of shock are :
- Pale, cold, clammy skin
- rapid, weak pulse
- increased, shallow breathing rate
- starring eyes
-
1st aid for shock
- maintain open airway
- call for help
- keep pt in trendelenburg position
- keep pt warm
-
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) rate
adult is 30 compressions to 2 breaths = 100 compressions per minute
-
Infection control, Chain of Infection....in order
Agent, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host
-
Explain each Chain of Infection
- Agent: viruses, bacteria, parasites
- Portal of exit: method which agent leaves reservoir
- Mode of transmission: ways microorganisms travel from reservoir to host
- Portal of entry: sites of broken skin, mucous membranes
- Susceptible host: person who is not resistant or immune
-
Medical Asepsis is ?
the destruction of microorganisms after they leave the body
-
10% bleach solution consists of ?
- 1 part bleach
- 9 parts water
-
Surgical Asepsis ?
ALL pathogens are destroyed
-
Name 4 methods of sterilization
- Gas
- Dry heat
- Chemical
- Steam (autoclave)
-
The #1 way to prevent the spread of infections ?
hand washing
-
Hand antisepsis requires the use of _____ to remove or kill microorganisms
antimicrobial soap
-
PPE's consist of ?
- Gloves
- Masks
- Goggles
- Face shields
- Gowns
- Respirator
-
Standard precautions is a method to prevent direct contact with ?
blood and body fluids
-
What is the infection that a pt acquires in the hospital ?
Noscocomial Infection
-
Droplet precautions means the pt's droplets travel only short distance, how far ?
3 feet or less
-
The PDR, physicaians desk reference, is for what ?
correct spelling and drug info
-
po ?
pr ?
sl ?
IV ?
IM ?
- by mouth
- by rectum
- sublingual
- intravenous
- intramuscular
-
qd ?
bid ?
tid ?
qid ?
pe ?
qhs ?
prn ?
- every day
- 2 times a day
- 3 times a day
- 4 times a day
- after meals
- each night at bedtime
- as needed
-
The heart is located ?
in the thoracic cavity between lungs behind sternum
-
endocardium ?
myocardium ?
heart skeleton ?
- innermost layer of the heart
- middle layer of the heart
- 4 rings of connective tissue surrounds heart
-
Pericardium ?
outermost layer of the heart
-
The right side of the heart pumps ??
deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein into the lungs
-
The left side of the heart ?
pumps oxygenated blood thru the pulmonary artery
-
The right atrium......
receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior vena cava
-
The right ventricle.....
receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium via tricuspid valve, to the pulmonary valve out to the pulmonary artery for oxygenation.
-
The pulmonary arteries are the ONLY arteries in the body that carry ______ blood
Deoxygenated
-
The left atrium receives oxgenated blood from the ......
right and left pulmonary veins
-
The pulmonary veins are the ONLY veins that carry ____ blood
oxygenated
-
The left ventricle receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it ......
to the body thru the aorta
-
The largest artery of the body is ?
Aorta
-
The atrioventricular valves (AV) are located ?
between the atria and ventricles
-
The tricuspid valve is located ?
between rt atium and rt ventricle
-
The bicuspid valve, aka mitral valve is located ?
between the lt atrium and lt ventricle
-
Murmurs are caused by diseases of ?
the valves or other structural abnormalities, the sounds are produced by the closing of the valves
-
T or F : Edema means there is no accumulation of fluid in the tissue
false
-
List the correct order of blood draw ?
- Blood cultures
- Yellow
- Light blue
- Red
- Tigers
- Green
- Tan
- Lavender
- White
- Royal blue
- Navy
- Grey
-
A pt's rights include all of the following EXCEPT ?
- right to cure **
- right to refuse tx
- right to consent to tx
- right to privacy
-
Which of the following is NOT part of the vial signs of body function ?
- Temperature
- pulse
- respiration
- weight **
-
In the axillary method of measuring temp, the temp is taken ?
in the underarm
-
Which method of sterilization is used for instruments that corrode easily ?
dry heat sterilization
-
Which of the following is a unit of measure on a standard prescription ?
micrograms
-
The Q wave if present, is always ?
negative
-
The 1st electrical implse that is recorded on the ECG paper during a normal cardiac cycle is the ?
P wave
-
An obese pt sent for blood work, which vein is more likely to be used ?
cephalic vein
-
Collection devices used in skin punctures are ?
capillary tubes
-
How far above the site of draw is the tourniquet placed ?
3-4 inches
-
What is used to chill specimen in transport ?
icy water
-
The tube of choice for glucose testing is ?
grey
-
The major parts of a routine urinalysis are :
physical, chemical, and microscopic
-
The EKG records :
electrical activity of the heart
-
How many stages are there to Hemostasis ?
6
-
Several wave forms
complex
-
Movement away from the heart
wave form
-
a wave form and a segment
interval
-
a line between wave forms
segment
-
Brings blood to the heart from upper body
superior vena cava
-
receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart via superior vena cava
right atrium
-
only carries oxygenated blood
pulmonary veins
-
pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
right ventricle
-
located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
-
brings blood to the heart from the lower body
inferior vena cava
-
located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
bicuspid or mitral valve
-
located between the left ventricle and the aorta
aortic valve
-
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
left atrium
-
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk
pulmonic valve
-
only carries deoxygenated blood
pulmonary arteries
-
pumps blood out of the heart
left ventricle
-
AV node is located
at the posterior septal wall of the right atrium just above the tricuspid valve
-
Bundle of His is found at the....
superior portion of the interventricular septum
-
Purkinje fibers are found within the ....
ventricular endocardium, it consist of a network of small conduction fibers that delivers the electrical impulses to the ventricular myocardium
-
SA node is found in the ...
upper portion of the right atrial wall just below the opening of the superior vena cava
-
Bundle branches function is to ....
conduct the electrical impulse to the Purkinje fibers
-
The first negative deflection that follows the first positive deflection is
S wave
-
The initial negative deflection
Q wave
-
A recorded tracing of the heart
lead
-
A wire that connects the electrode to the cardiac monitor
cable
-
The 1st positive deflection
R wave
-
The deflection produced by atrial depolarization
P wave
-
The deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P wave
U wave
-
A paper, plastic, or metal sensor placed on the pt's skin in a specific location
electrodes
-
The deflection produced by the ventricle repolarizing
T wave
-
Represents ventricular depolarization (activation)
QRS complex
|
|