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What is the ureter crossed by in the male and female?
- Male: ductus deference
- Female: Uterine artery
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What seperates the bladder from the pubic bones?
Retropubic space of Retzius
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How is the neck of the bladder secured in the male and female?
- Male: Puboprostatic ligament
- Female: Pubovesical ligament to pelvic diaphragm
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What muscle makes up the bladder and how many layers does it contain?
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What is the urinary trigone bound by?
- Ureteric openings
- Internal urethral orfice
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What innervaton type is the desire to urinate, emptying reflex, and pain from distention done by? What innervation type contracts the internal urethral sphincter during ejaculation?
- Desire to urinate, emptying, pain: Parasympathetic
- During ejaculation: Sympathetic
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What are the borders of the prostatic urethra?
- Internal urethral orfice
- Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
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Describe the structure of the prostatic urethra?
- Median urethral crest with a the prostatic sinus on both sides
- Seminal colliculus is in the center of the urethral crest with a small pit (prostatic utricle)
- On the side of prostatic utricle are 2 ejaculatory ducts
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What is found on the side of the membranous urethra?
Bulbourethral glands
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What is found on the proximal part of the spongy urethra?
Ducts of bulbourethral glands empty here
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What forms the ejaculatory duct?
- Ductus deferens
- Duct of seminal vesicle
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What do the seminal vesicles and prostate secrete?
- Seminal Vesicle: Thick, alkaline secretion. Most of seminal fluid
- Prostate: Thin, milky fluidy. 1/5th of semen
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What is the vaginal recess that surrounds the cervix?
- Anterior fornix
- Posterior fornix
- Lateral fornix
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What is the posterior fornix covered by?
Peritoneum of rectouterine pouch
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How does the uterus and vagina communicate?
Uterine ostium or external os
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What 2 ligaments are derivatives of the gubernaculum?
- Round ligament of the uterus
- Ligaments of ovary
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What are the sections of the fallopian tubes?
- Infundibulum
- Ambulla
- Isthmus
- Uterine part
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What is the main ligament of the ovary? What is its significance?
- Suspensory ligament of hte ovary
- Conducts ovarian vessels and nerves
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What ligaments hold the cervix? Where are they located?
- Uterosacral ligament: Sides of cervix to sacrum
- Transverse cervical ligaments: Also called cardinal or meckenrodt's ligaments. Extend along base of broad ligament from cervix to lateral pelvic walls
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What ligaments hold the uterus?
- Broad ligament
- Round ligament of uterus
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Describe the location of rectovesical, vesicouterine and rectouterine pouches?
- Rectovesical: Between bladder and rectum (M)
- Vesicouterine: Body of uterus and bladder (F)
- Rectouterine: Uterus from rectum. Inferior part of this pouch is on the posterior fornix of vagina. Also called pouch of douglas
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What are the 3 named parts of the broad ligament and their location:
- Mesometrium: Sides of uterus
- Mesovarium: Attached to ovaru
- Mesosalphinx: Superior to mesovarium and surrounds uterine tubes
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How can you access the rectouterine pouch to drain blood, fluid or pus?
Go through the posterior fornix of vagina
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