Romantic

A large orchestral work, generally in one movement, which depends on a programme ie a poem or a painting

A recurring theme, common to all movements of a composition but varied according to the needs of the programme

They gave it a wider range in pitch, volume, tone and a richer sound

A short piece which comes before another work or it can be an independent composition

While continuing as an intimate form of music making, it also became a form of concert music, often dominated by the increasing powerful piano

A German song for solo voice and piano. An important aspect of the lied is that the piano and voice part is of equal importance. Lied can be either strophic or through composed

• This is a short recurring theme or musical idea which may represent a character, idea or emotion
• eg the "da-dum" in jaws

Rubato

Programme music