Sleep DO

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Sleep disorder drugs
- Modafinil (Provigil)
- Armodafinil (Nuvigil)
- Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
- Amphetamines
MoA
- Modafinil
- Unclear, not directly related to DA, NE, 5HT, or GABA
- May ↑ glutamatergic excitation in hippocampus & thalamus via orexins
- H3 blockade (to stay awake)
- Armodafinil
- The active R-isomer of Modafinil - has a longer t1/2 & duration of action at a little over half the dose.
- Methylphenidate
- Potentiates release of DA & NE in frontal lobes
- Amphetamines
- CNS & peripheral stimulant.
- Causes release of 5HT, NE, DA from nerve terminals.
SEs
- Modafinil
- Headache
- Anxiety
- GI upset
- Insomnia
- Armodafinil
- Same as Modafinil
- Methylphenidate
- Acute psychosis (hallucinations/delusions) & mania
- Tremor
- Anorexia
- Agitation
- Insomnia
- Toxicity can be fatal w/seizures
- HTN
- Amphetamines
- Generally similar to those of cocaine but lasting 4-8x longer (10-12 hrs vs. 10-20 min)
- Agitation & hyperactivity
- Euphoria
- Skin flushing
- Chest pain/cardiac deaths
- Palpitations
- Dry mouth
- Hyperthermia
- N/V
- Mydriasis
- Anorexia & weight loss
- Strokes
- Seizures