-
the skull, spine and rib cage form the
axial skeleton
-
how many bones are in the human body and how many make up the axial skeleton and appendicular?
- body- 206
- axial- 80
- appendicular- 126
-
the shoulders , arms, hands, hips, legs and feet form the
appendicular skeleton
-
how many bones in the skull?
28
-
how much does the bones in a human body weigh?
20 pounds
-
What is organic component?
cells and matrix
-
what is inorganic matrix?
minerals
-
what are the three layers of bones?
- periosteum
- compact bone
- cancellous bone and marrow
-
The first layer of the bone (covers the bone), responsible for life of bone and for repair
periosteum
-
the inner layer is loose connective tissue and contains
osteoblasts
-
anchors periosteum to bone and penetrate the underlying bone matrix
sharpeys fibers
-
hard, dense and very strong bone, forms outer layer needed for strenght
compact bone
-
bone that is found inside of bone, lighter in weight and is not as strong as compact bone.
cancellous bone
-
gelatinous material that produces white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets.
bone marrow
-
strong but is more elastic than bone, found where bones join together.
cartilage
-
articulations is another term for what structure?
joints
-
areas where two bones come together?
joints or articulations
-
(joint)sutures of the skulls, do not move
fibrous joint
-
(joint) made of connective tissue and cartilage, move very slightly
cartilaginous joints
-
(joint)movable joints that account for most joints in the body
synovial joints
-
-
system that gives abolity to walk, stand, run, jump, move eyes, smile, and frown.
muscular system
-
the tightening of a muscle, during which it becomes shoretr and thicker.
contraction
-
when a muscle returns to its originsl form or shape.
relaxation
-
place where the muscles begins(originates)
muscle origin
-
place where the muscle ends(inserts)
muscle insertion
-
what are the four disorders of the muscular system?
- contusion
- strain
- progressive muscular dystrophy
- sprain
-
WHat does the cardiovascular system consist of?
- circulatory system
- heart
- lymphatic system
-
heart muscle disease, cause in unknown adn usually leads to heart failure
cardiomyopaty
-
cause by a buildup of cholesterol plaques in coronary arteries, which reduce blood flow to the heart
coronary artery disease
-
inflammation of the endocardial layer of the heart, can cause bacteria, virus, tuberculosis, or cancer
encocarditis
-
heart no longer pump an adequate supply of blood
heart failure
-
inflammation of the pericardial layer of the heart
pericariditis
-
what are the two primary functions of the circulatory system?
- transport oxygen and nutrients to the ody cells
- regulates body temperature and maintain chemical stability
-
what are the upper and lower chambers of the heart?
- upper- atria, receive blood
- lower- ventricles, pump blood
-
the right side of the heart pumps blood to
the lungs
-
the left side of the heart pumps blood to
the rest of the body
-
where is the tricuspid valve found?
b/w right atrium and right ventricle
-
where is the mitral valve found?
b/w left atrium and left ventricle
-
"blank" allows blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
pulmonary semilunar valve
-
blood flows from the left ventricle into the
aorta
-
right atrium recives blood from the
superior and inferior venae cavae
-
blood flows from the right atrium into the
right ventricle
-
right ventricle receives blood from the "blank" and pumps it into the "blank"
- right atrium
- pulmonary artery
-
left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the
lungs
-
left ventricle receives blood from the
left atrium
-
what are the three main types of blood vessels?
-
large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body
arteries
-
Form a low pressure collecting system that returns waste-filled blood to the heart
veins
-
form system of microscopic vessels that connect arterial and venous systems
capillaries
-
what is the study of blood?
hematology
-
how much blood does the body contain?
4 to 5 L
-
one drop of blood contains?
- 5 million red blood cells
- 7500 white blood cells
- 300,000 platelets
-
straw clored fluid that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
-
also known as erythrocytes, contain blood protein hemoglobin, transort oxygen
red blood cells
-
leukocytes, fight disease in the body
white blood cells
-
what is the primary fucntion of the lymphatic system?
contribute to yhe immune system to assist whti destruction of harmful microorganisms
-
what tissues make up the lymphatic system?
- lymph vessels
- lymph nodes
- lymph fluid
- lymphoid organs
-
what two systems make up the nervoud system?
central and peripheral nervous system
-
what are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
sympathetic and parasympathetic
-
what are the 3 types of neurons as categorized according to function?
- sensory- carry impulses toward brain adn spinal cord
- motor- carry impulses away from brain adn spinal cord
- associative- carry impulses from one neuron to another
-
what is the function of the respiratory system?
delivers oxygen to millions of cells and transposrt the waste product carbon dioxide out of the body
-
what is the role of the digestive system?
takes in whole foods and breaks them down into their chemical components
-
what are 5 actions of the digestive system?
- ingestion
- digestion
- movement
- absorption
- elimination
-
what are the primary functions of the endocrine system?
use chemical messengers called mones that move through bloodstream and can reach every cell in the body
-
what is the primary function of the urinary system?
maintain fluid volume
-
what are the 4 functions of the skin?
- help regulate body temp
- provides barrier that prevent bacteria from entering the body
- excretes liquids and salts
- provides sensitivity to touch
-
what are the appendages of the skin?
hair nails and glands
|
|