Test #2-7

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  1. the skull, spine and rib cage form the
    axial skeleton
  2. how many bones are in the human body and how many make up the axial skeleton and appendicular?
    • body- 206
    • axial- 80
    • appendicular- 126
  3. the shoulders , arms, hands, hips, legs and feet form the
    appendicular skeleton
  4. how many bones in the skull?
    28
  5. how much does the bones in a human body weigh?
    20 pounds
  6. What is organic component?
    cells and matrix
  7. what is inorganic matrix?
    minerals
  8. what are the three layers of bones?
    • periosteum
    • compact bone
    • cancellous bone and marrow
  9. The first layer of the bone (covers the bone), responsible for life of bone and for repair
    periosteum
  10. the inner layer is loose connective tissue and contains
    osteoblasts
  11. anchors periosteum to bone and penetrate the underlying bone matrix
    sharpeys fibers
  12. hard, dense and very strong bone, forms outer layer needed for strenght
    compact bone
  13. bone that is found inside of bone, lighter in weight and is not as strong as compact bone.
    cancellous bone
  14. gelatinous material that produces white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets.
    bone marrow
  15. strong but is more elastic than bone, found where bones join together.
    cartilage
  16. articulations is another term for what structure?
    joints
  17. areas where two bones come together?
    joints or articulations
  18. (joint)sutures of the skulls, do not move
    fibrous joint
  19. (joint) made of connective tissue and cartilage, move very slightly
    cartilaginous joints
  20. (joint)movable joints that account for most joints in the body
    synovial joints
  21. fibrous sac?
    bursa
  22. system that gives abolity to walk, stand, run, jump, move eyes, smile, and frown.
    muscular system
  23. the tightening of a muscle, during which it becomes shoretr and thicker.
    contraction
  24. when a muscle returns to its originsl form or shape.
    relaxation
  25. place where the muscles begins(originates)
    muscle origin
  26. place where the muscle ends(inserts)
    muscle insertion
  27. what are the four disorders of the muscular system?
    • contusion
    • strain
    • progressive muscular dystrophy
    • sprain
  28. WHat does the cardiovascular system consist of?
    • circulatory system
    • heart
    • lymphatic system
  29. heart muscle disease, cause in unknown adn usually leads to heart failure
    cardiomyopaty
  30. cause by a buildup of cholesterol plaques in coronary arteries, which reduce blood flow to the heart
    coronary artery disease
  31. inflammation of the endocardial layer of the heart, can cause bacteria, virus, tuberculosis, or cancer
    encocarditis
  32. heart no longer pump an adequate supply of blood
    heart failure
  33. inflammation of the pericardial layer of the heart
    pericariditis
  34. what are the two primary functions of the circulatory system?
    • transport oxygen and nutrients to the ody cells
    • regulates body temperature and maintain chemical stability
  35. what are the upper and lower chambers of the heart?
    • upper- atria, receive blood
    • lower- ventricles, pump blood
  36. the right side of the heart pumps blood to
    the lungs
  37. the left side of the heart pumps blood to
    the rest of the body
  38. where is the tricuspid valve found?
    b/w right atrium and right ventricle
  39. where is the mitral valve found?
    b/w left atrium and left ventricle
  40. "blank" allows blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
    pulmonary semilunar valve
  41. blood flows from the left ventricle into the
    aorta
  42. right atrium recives blood from the
    superior and inferior venae cavae
  43. blood flows from the right atrium into the
    right ventricle
  44. right ventricle receives blood from the "blank" and pumps it into the "blank"
    • right atrium
    • pulmonary artery
  45. left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the
    lungs
  46. left ventricle receives blood from the
    left atrium
  47. what are the three main types of blood vessels?
    • ateries
    • veins
    • capillaries
  48. large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body
    arteries
  49. Form a low pressure collecting system that returns waste-filled blood to the heart
    veins
  50. form system of microscopic vessels that connect arterial and venous systems
    capillaries
  51. what is the study of blood?
    hematology
  52. how much blood does the body contain?
    4 to 5 L
  53. one drop of blood contains?
    • 5 million red blood cells
    • 7500 white blood cells
    • 300,000 platelets
  54. straw clored fluid that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
    • plasma
    • 91% water
  55. also known as erythrocytes, contain blood protein hemoglobin, transort oxygen
    red blood cells
  56. leukocytes, fight disease in the body
    white blood cells
  57. what is the primary fucntion of the lymphatic system?
    contribute to yhe immune system to assist whti destruction of harmful microorganisms
  58. what tissues make up the lymphatic system?
    • lymph vessels
    • lymph nodes
    • lymph fluid
    • lymphoid organs
  59. what two systems make up the nervoud system?
    central and peripheral nervous system
  60. what are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
    sympathetic and parasympathetic
  61. what are the 3 types of neurons as categorized according to function?
    • sensory- carry impulses toward brain adn spinal cord
    • motor- carry impulses away from brain adn spinal cord
    • associative- carry impulses from one neuron to another
  62. what is the function of the respiratory system?
    delivers oxygen to millions of cells and transposrt the waste product carbon dioxide out of the body
  63. what is the role of the digestive system?
    takes in whole foods and breaks them down into their chemical components
  64. what are 5 actions of the digestive system?
    • ingestion
    • digestion
    • movement
    • absorption
    • elimination
  65. what are the primary functions of the endocrine system?
    use chemical messengers called mones that move through bloodstream and can reach every cell in the body
  66. what is the primary function of the urinary system?
    maintain fluid volume
  67. what are the 4 functions of the skin?
    • help regulate body temp
    • provides barrier that prevent bacteria from entering the body
    • excretes liquids and salts
    • provides sensitivity to touch
  68. what are the appendages of the skin?
    hair nails and glands

Card Set Information

Author:
 karlap
ID:
 119971
Filename:
 Test #2-7
Updated:
2012-03-06 03:09:26
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Test #2-7
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