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What was wrong with secession?
- -would allow Europe to divide and conquer
- -intensify sectional conflict, leading to war
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What was the date of Fort Sumter?
April 12, 1861
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What was the importance of Fort Sumter?
- -Provoked the North to war
- -Showed the South as the Agressor
- -led to Virginia, Arkansas, Tenessee, and North Carolina joining the confederacy
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Who were the border states?
Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia
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How did Lincoln nsure the border states stayed loyal to the Union?
- -claimed the war was to save the Union
- -claimed martial law in Maryland
- -habeas corpus
- -supervised voting in Border States
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Why was Kentucky so important?
Had the Ohio River, whos tributaries (Cumberland and Tennessee) went to the heart of Dixie
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Who were the military and political leaders in the South?
- -Robert E. Lee and Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
- -Jefferson Davis
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Who were the military and political leaders in the North?
- -Ulysses S. Grant and Willaim Sherman
- -Lincoln
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Why did "King Cotton" Fail?
- -masses in Europe opposed aiding slaveholding south
- -surplus of cotton in Britain
- -Union army shipped cotton to Britain
- -cotton in Egypt and India
- -booming war industries in england
- -Britain reliant on American grain (West)
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What were the major conflicts with the foreigners?
- -the "Trent" affair
- -the "Alabama" affair
- -Laird rams
- -Napoleonic invasion of Mexico
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Who fought the war?
- -volunteers at first
- -nationwide conscription
- -rich could hire a substitute
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Where were the anti-draft riots in 1863?
New York City
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How did the North raise money for the war?
- Income and excise tax
- Morill tax
- "greenbacks"
- bonds
- National Banking System (authorized in 1863)
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How does the South raise money for the war?
- States righters opposed heavy federal taxation
- runaway inflation
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What was the economic impact on the North?
booming economyy with the aid of tariffs
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What was the economic impact on the west?
- mechanical reapers made grain king
- Homestead Act encouraged Western migration
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What was the economic impact on the South?
blockade devastated the South
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What nation emerged during the Civil war and devastated a city in Vermont?
Canada
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Why was Bull Run (1st Manassas) important? And when did it occur?
- July 1861
- It made the Union realize that the war would not be so easy
- makes the South overconfident
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What was the Peninsula Campaign?
- Summer of 1862
- Lead by General McClellan
- Prevents and easy end to the war
- Lads to the draft of the EP
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Who fought the battle of Ironclads? (March 1862)
The Monior and the Merrimac
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What was the bloodiest battle of the war?
Antietam; September 1862
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What was the impact of Antietam?
- Kept away European interferance
- The Vicotry needed for the Emancipation Proclamation
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What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
- It only freed slaves in the rebellious states
- Made the war a moral crusade
- could be no negotiated peace between North and South
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What were the battles in the West?
- Vicksburg (1863)
- Chancellorsville (May 1863) - Stonewall Jackson died during this battle
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What was the importance of Gettysburg?
- July 1863
- General George Meade
- North most battle of the Civil War
- South doomed
- Gettysburg address
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What was the name for Sherman's march to the sea? And where did he march through?
- "total war" - devaste the South, help Lincoln to get relected
- Georgia
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Who ran in the election of 1864?
Lincoln v. General McClellan
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What did women do for the war effort?
- Became government workers
- Took jobs abandoned by soldiers
- Became spies or soldiers
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What was the Virginia Campaign?
- 1864-1865
- Ends in the surrender of Lee at Appomotaxx
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When was Lincoln assassinated?
April 14, 1865
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Who created the US Sanitary Commission?
Dr Elizabeth Blackwwell
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Who was Clement L. Vallandigham?
- He was a radical copperhead
- banished to Canada
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Who were the "exodusters"?
Freed slaves that left for Kansas from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi
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What was the Freedmens Bureau? When was it created?
- a primitive welfare system
- lead by Oliver Howard
- March 3, 1865
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What was the freedman's bureau's greatest success?
Black education
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What was Lincoln's 10% plan?
A state would be readmitted to the Union after 10% of its voters took an oath of allegiance
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What was the Wade-Davis bill? And when was it created?
- In 1864
- required 50% of the voters to take a strong oath of allegiance
- demanded safeguards for emancipation
- pocket vetoed by Lincoln
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President Johnson's Reconstruction Plan calleed for what?
- special conventions to repeal the secessions
- ratify the 13th Amendment
- more than 10% of voters
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What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments do?
- 13 - outlaws slavery
- 14 - secured the rights of freed people
- 15 - gives the blacks the right to vote
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What was the purpose of the black codes?
- a legal way to enslave the black people
- guranteed black slave power
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What were the issues between Congress and the President?
- Veto of the Freedmans Bureau (February 1866)
- Veto of the Civil Rights Act (march 1866)
- Congress passed both over the President's head
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Who lead the radical republicans?
Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
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What was ex parte Miligan?
- 1866
- military tribunals could not try civilians during peacetime unless civil courts were not open
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Who were the black senate and house delegates>
- Senator Hiram Revels
- Blanche K. Bruce
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What was the other name for the Ku Klux Klan?
the Invisible Empire of the South
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What were the Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871?
brought down the rath of the KKK, but it was too little too late
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What law does Johnson "break" that lead to his impeachment?
The Tenure of Office Act by removing Stanton in February 1868
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What was Seward's Folly?
Purchase of Alaska
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How much was Alaska sold for?
$7.2 million
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