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This is used to open up occluded artery. This involve dilation of the arteries using a balloon catheter to open the vessel lumen and improve arterial blood flow.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
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-----may be prescribed to prevent coronary artery spasm
nitroglycerin
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A laser probe is advanced through a cannula similar to that used for PTCA
Laser-assisted angioplasty
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Used instead of PTCA to eliminate the risk of acute coronary vessel closure and to improve long-term patency of the vessel
Coronary artery stents
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----------is a major concern following the procedure of Coronary artery stents. the client is placed on----therapy for several months following the procedure
- Acute thrombosis
- antiplatelet and anticoagulation
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Removes plaque from an artery by the use of a cutting chamber on the inserted catheter or a rotating blade that pulverizes the plaque
Atherectomy
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Used for clients with widespread atherIosclerosis Involving vessels that are too small and numerous for replacement or balloon catheterization.
Transmyocardial revascularization
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Performed to increase arterial blood flow to the affected limb
Arterial revascularization
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-----is frequently the first indicator of postoperative graft occlusion
pain
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occluded coronary arteries are bypassed with the client's own venous or arterial blood vessels
Coronary artery bypass graft
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Following Cardiac Surgery Limit pushing or pulling activities for
6 weeks following discharge.
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A donor heart from an individual with a comparable body weight and ABO compatibility is transplanted into a recipient within less than------of procurement
6 hours
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The transplanted heart is denervated and unresponsive to
vagal stimulation
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heart rate that is above 100beat/minute with regular rhythm.
Sinus Tachycardia-(Atria Tachycardia)
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Heart beat less than 60beat/minute, with regular rhythm.
Sinus Bradycardia-(Atria Bradycardia)
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Sinus Bradycardia-(Atria Bradycardia) Can be treated by giving
anticholinergic medication such as Atropine.
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a fast heart rate that originates from the atrium. Atria rate is between 160-200/minute.
Supraventricular tachycardia
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Supraventricular tachycardia Treatment by given
Diltiazem first then digoxin for maintenance.
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a fast heart rate that originates from the ventricle. Heart rate is more than 220.
Ventricular tachycardia
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Ventricular tachycardia must be treated. Given
lidocane or synchronized, cardioversion
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Heart rate is 300-600. This is potentially fatal. No heat beat can be heard because the heart is beating so fast.
Ventricular fibrillation
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-----can be used to terminate supraventricular tachydysrhythmias
vagal stimulation
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The physician instructs the client to bear down or induces a gag reflex in the client both of which stimulate a
vagal reflex.
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Provide an ------ if the gag reflex is stimulated
emesis basin
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a brief procedure where an electrical shock is delivered to the heart to convert an abnormal heart rhythm back to a normal rhythm.
Cardioversion
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is a process in which an electronic device sends an electric shock to the heart to stop an extremely rapid, irregular heartbeat, and restore the normal heart rhythm.
Defibrillation
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Defibrillation should not be performed on a patient who has a -----or is -----
pulse--- alert
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Conductive paddle are placed on the --------. One paddle is placed at the ------ to the right of the sternum; the other is placed at the---------- on the left midaxillary line.
- chest
- third intercostal space
- fifth intercostal space
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Stop the ----- during the procedure to avoid the hazard of fire
oxygen
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Used by laypersons and emergency medical technicians for pre-hospital cardiac arrest
Automatic external defibrillator (AED).
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This is a device that is implanted in the body to monitor cardiac rhythm to detects abnormal rhythm and quickly terminate it.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
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Avoid -------- directly over the ICD, because they can inactivate the device.
electromagnetic fields
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a small device that's placed under the skin of
the chest or abdomen to help stimulate heart beat and control abnormal heart rhythms.
A pacemaker
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Pacemakers are powered by a----- has an average life span of------, designed to be recharged-----
- lithium battery
- 10 years
- externally
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Patient should observe for -----which is an indication that pacemaker is malpositioned and is pacing the -----
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